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CN-122014836-A - Power assembly and electric vehicle

CN122014836ACN 122014836 ACN122014836 ACN 122014836ACN-122014836-A

Abstract

The application provides a power assembly and an electric vehicle, which relate to the technical field of electric vehicles, wherein the power assembly comprises a motor cavity, a speed reducer cavity and a dry oil storage cavity, the dry oil storage cavity is used for storing oil flowing out of the motor cavity and the speed reducer cavity under the action of gravity. The dry oil storage cavity comprises a motor oil storage cavity and a speed reducer oil storage cavity, the motor oil storage cavity and the speed reducer oil storage cavity are communicated along the axial direction of the driving motor, the motor cavity and the speed reducer cavity are distributed adjacently along the axial direction of the driving motor, the motor oil storage cavity and the motor cavity are distributed adjacently along the radial direction of the driving motor and are directly communicated along the radial direction of the driving motor, the speed reducer oil storage cavity and the speed reducer cavity are distributed adjacently along the radial direction of the driving motor and are directly communicated along the radial direction of the driving motor, so that oil is not accumulated in the motor cavity and the speed reducer cavity, the oil is prevented from immersing an air gap between a rotor and a stator, oil stirring is prevented from occurring on gears of the planetary speed reducer, the oil stirring loss of a power assembly is effectively reduced, and the efficiency of the power assembly is improved.

Inventors

  • ZHU LINGKUN
  • WANG QI
  • KONG WEIXING
  • Gong haiyang
  • LIU YUAN

Assignees

  • 华为技术有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260108

Claims (15)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a power assembly, its characterized in that, power assembly includes motor chamber, reduction gear chamber and dry-type oil storage chamber, the motor chamber is used for holding driving motor's stator and rotor, the reduction gear chamber is used for holding the planetary reducer, driving motor is used for through the wheel of planetary reducer drive electric vehicle, dry-type oil storage chamber is used for storing under the effect of gravity follow motor chamber with the fluid that the reduction gear chamber flows out, dry-type oil storage chamber is used for supplying fluid to power assembly's oil pump, wherein: The dry oil storage cavity comprises a motor oil storage cavity and a speed reducer oil storage cavity, wherein the motor cavity and the speed reducer cavity are distributed adjacently along the axial direction of the driving motor, the motor oil storage cavity and the motor cavity are distributed adjacently along the radial direction of the driving motor, the speed reducer oil storage cavity and the speed reducer cavity are distributed adjacently along the radial direction of the driving motor, the motor oil storage cavity and the motor cavity are communicated directly along the radial direction of the driving motor, the speed reducer oil storage cavity and the speed reducer cavity are communicated directly along the radial direction of the driving motor, and the motor oil storage cavity and the speed reducer oil storage cavity are communicated along the axial direction of the driving motor.
  2. 2. The powertrain of claim 1, wherein the motor cavities include a first motor cavity and a second motor cavity, the first motor cavity and the second motor cavity being disposed on two sides of a stator of the drive motor along an axial direction of the drive motor, the first motor cavity and the second motor cavity being respectively in direct communication with the motor oil reservoir along a radial direction of the drive motor.
  3. 3. The powertrain of any of claims 1-2, wherein the retarder chamber includes a first stage retarder chamber for receiving a first set of planet wheels of the planetary retarder and a second stage retarder chamber for receiving a second set of planet wheels of the planetary retarder, the first set of planet wheels being for drivingly connecting the drive motor and the second set of planet wheels, at least one of the first stage retarder chamber or the second stage retarder chamber being in direct communication with the retarder reservoir chamber in a radial direction of the drive motor.
  4. 4. A powertrain according to claim 3, wherein the first segment of the reducer cavities are arranged between the motor cavity and the second segment of the reducer cavities in the axial direction of the drive motor, and the reducer oil storage cavity is in direct communication with the first segment of the reducer cavities in the radial direction of the drive motor.
  5. 5. The powertrain of any of claims 3-4, wherein a length of the reducer oil storage cavity along an axial direction of the drive motor is less than or equal to a length of the reducer cavity, one end of the reducer oil storage cavity is flush with one end of the reducer cavity, one end of the reducer oil storage cavity is used for communicating the motor oil storage cavity along the axial direction of the drive motor, and the other end of the reducer oil storage cavity is used for directly communicating the first-stage reducer cavity along a radial direction of the drive motor.
  6. 6. The powertrain of any of claims 3-5, wherein the first-stage reducer chamber is in direct communication with the second-stage reducer chamber in an axial direction of the drive motor, the first-stage reducer chamber having an inner diameter greater than an inner diameter of the second-stage reducer chamber, the reducer oil reservoir chamber being configured to receive oil from the second-stage reducer chamber into the first-stage reducer chamber under the force of gravity through the first-stage reducer chamber.
  7. 7. The powertrain of any of claims 3-6, wherein a cavity wall of the second-stage reducer cavity further includes a plurality of oil grooves spaced circumferentially about the drive motor, each oil groove directed toward an end of the first-stage reducer cavity for direct communication with the first-stage reducer cavity in an axial direction of the drive motor.
  8. 8. The powertrain of any of claims 3-7, wherein a cavity wall of the second-stage reducer cavity includes a mounting groove for securing a ring gear of the second planetary gear set, the mounting groove including a plurality of grooves, each groove for receiving an embedment of a ring gear in the second planetary gear set, the plurality of grooves being spaced apart along a circumference of the drive motor, a depth of at least one of adjacent plurality of grooves along a radial direction of the drive motor being greater than a depth of the other grooves along the radial direction of the drive motor.
  9. 9. The powertrain of any of claims 3-8, wherein the reducer housing further comprises a third reducer housing, the third reducer housing and the first reducer housing are disposed on opposite sides of the second reducer housing, an inner diameter of the second reducer housing is greater than an inner diameter of the third reducer housing, a housing wall of the third reducer housing comprises a sump, a distance between one end of the sump and an axis of the drive motor is less than a distance between the other end of the sump and the axis of the drive motor, and oil in the sump flows from one end of the sump to the other end of the sump under the force of gravity.
  10. 10. The powertrain of any of claims 1-9, wherein the housing of the powertrain comprises a motor housing, a midplane, and a reducer housing, two sides of the midplane being adapted to fit a mounting surface of the motor housing and a mounting surface of the reducer housing, respectively, wherein: The motor shell comprises a motor groove and a motor oil return groove, the notch of the motor groove faces the same direction as the notch of the motor oil return groove, the notch of the motor groove is used for assembling a stator and a rotor of the driving motor, and the middle partition plate is used for enclosing the notch of the motor groove to form the motor cavity; The speed reducer shell comprises a speed reducer groove and a speed reducer oil return groove, the notch of the speed reducer groove faces the same direction as the notch of the speed reducer oil return groove, the notch of the speed reducer groove is used for assembling a gear set of the planetary speed reducer, and the middle partition plate is used for enclosing the notch of the speed reducer groove to form the speed reducer cavity; The middle partition plate further comprises a communication hole, and the communication hole is used for communicating a notch of the motor oil return groove and a notch of the speed reducer oil return groove along the axial direction of the driving motor to form the dry oil storage cavity.
  11. 11. The powertrain of claim 10, wherein the motor housing includes a first radial through hole and a second radial through hole for penetrating a common housing portion of the motor slot and the motor return slot, respectively, in a radial direction of the drive motor, a spacing between the first radial through hole and the second radial through hole in an axial direction of the drive motor being greater than an axial dimension of a stator of the drive motor and less than a length of the motor return slot, the common housing portion of the motor slot and the motor return slot including a notch, the septum being for enclosing the notch to form the second radial through hole.
  12. 12. The powertrain of any of claims 10-11, wherein the reducer housing includes a third radial through hole that extends through a common housing portion of the reducer sump and the reducer return sump in a radial direction of the drive motor, a spacing between the third radial through hole and a notch of the reducer sump in an axial direction of the drive motor being less than a length of the reducer return sump.
  13. 13. The powertrain of any of claims 10-12, wherein the motor oil return groove walls include a first segment groove wall and a second segment groove wall, the first segment groove wall and the second segment groove wall being circumferentially spaced apart along the drive motor, wherein: The first section groove wall comprises a fixing structure, wherein the fixing structure is used for fixing a magnet, and the magnet is used for adsorbing impurities in oil liquid; The second section groove wall comprises an oil suction pipeline and an oil suction hole, the oil suction pipeline is used for being communicated with an oil pump of the power assembly, the extending direction of the oil suction pipeline is parallel to an oil return groove of the motor, and the extending direction of the oil suction hole is perpendicular to the oil suction pipeline.
  14. 14. The powertrain of any of claims 10-13, wherein a groove wall of at least one of the motor oil return groove or the reducer oil return groove includes an oil guide structure for flowing oil stored in the motor oil return groove toward a notch of the motor oil return groove under gravity or for flowing oil stored in the reducer oil return groove toward a notch of the reducer oil return groove under gravity.
  15. 15. An electric vehicle comprising wheels and a powertrain as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14 for driving the wheels.

Description

Power assembly and electric vehicle Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a power assembly and an electric vehicle. Background The power assembly comprises a driving motor and a speed reducer, oil is required to be stored in a shell of the power assembly in order to enable the power assembly to work normally, the oil stored in the shell of the power assembly is pumped into an internal flow channel of the shell through an oil pump, so that the oil can cool and lubricate the driving motor and the speed reducer, however, if the oil is accumulated in the shell of the driving motor after cooling the driving motor, an air gap between a stator and a rotor of the driving motor can be immersed, loss of the driving motor is increased, and in addition, if the oil is accumulated in the shell of the speed reducer after cooling and lubricating the speed reducer, gears of the speed reducer can be immersed, oil stirring loss is caused, and the efficiency of the power assembly is low. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a power assembly and an electric vehicle, which can reduce oil stirring loss of the power assembly and improve efficiency of the power assembly by using a dry oil storage cavity. In a first aspect, the present application provides a powertrain comprising a motor cavity for housing a stator and a rotor of a drive motor, a decelerator cavity for housing a planetary decelerator, and a dry oil storage cavity for storing oil flowing from the motor cavity and the decelerator cavity under the force of gravity for driving wheels of an electric vehicle through the planetary decelerator. The dry oil storage cavity comprises a motor oil storage cavity and a speed reducer oil storage cavity, wherein the motor cavity and the speed reducer cavity are distributed adjacently along the axial direction of the driving motor, the motor oil storage cavity and the motor cavity are distributed adjacently along the radial direction of the driving motor, the speed reducer oil storage cavity and the speed reducer cavity are distributed adjacently along the radial direction of the driving motor, the motor oil storage cavity and the motor cavity are directly communicated along the radial direction of the driving motor, the speed reducer oil storage cavity and the speed reducer cavity are directly communicated along the radial direction of the driving motor, and the motor oil storage cavity and the speed reducer oil storage cavity are communicated along the axial direction of the driving motor. In the embodiment of the application, the motor oil storage cavity and the motor cavity are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the driving motor, the motor oil storage cavity and the motor cavity are directly communicated with each other along the radial direction of the driving motor, the speed reducer oil storage cavity and the speed reducer cavity are directly communicated with each other along the radial direction of the driving motor, so that oil input into the motor cavity and the speed reducer cavity can flow into the motor oil storage cavity and the speed reducer oil storage cavity respectively for storage, the oil can not be accumulated in the motor cavity and the speed reducer cavity, the oil stirring of a rotor of the driving motor and a gear set of a planetary speed reducer is prevented, the oil stirring loss of a power assembly is effectively reduced, and the efficiency of the power assembly is improved. And the speed reducer oil storage cavity is communicated with the motor oil storage cavity along the axial direction of the driving motor, so that the dry oil storage cavity forming the power assembly is simpler in structure and beneficial to reducing the cost. In one embodiment, the motor cavity comprises a first section motor cavity and a second section motor cavity, wherein the first section motor cavity and the second section motor cavity are distributed on two sides of a stator of the driving motor along the axial direction of the driving motor, and the first section motor cavity and the second section motor cavity are respectively and directly communicated with the motor oil storage cavity along the radial direction of the driving motor. In the embodiment of the application, the first section motor cavity and the second section motor cavity are distributed on two sides of the stator of the driving motor along the axial direction of the driving motor, and the first section motor cavity and the second section motor cavity are respectively and directly communicated with the motor oil storage cavity along the radial direction of the driving motor, so that oil on two sides of the stator of the driving motor can be directly input into the motor oil storage cavity, the oil in the motor cavity is prevented from accumulating on two sides of the stator of the driving motor to submerge an air gap between the rotor and the stator, and the efficien