CN-122014986-A - High-pressure hydrogen storage bottle for mobile equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle for mobile equipment, which comprises an airtight inner container and a carbon fiber winding layer, wherein the carbon fiber winding layer is wound outside the airtight inner container, a bottle body adopts an axisymmetric rotating body structure and consists of a bottle mouth section end socket, a middle main body section and a bottle navel end socket, the bottle mouth section end socket and the bottle navel end socket both adopt an ellipsoidal crown structure, and the joint among the bottle mouth section end socket, the middle main body section and the bottle navel end socket adopts a smooth transition design. The carbon fiber winding layer is formed by compounding high-strength carbon fibers with a resin matrix and winding the high-strength carbon fibers in a certain angle and sequence, the carbon fiber winding layer is tightly combined with the airtight liner into a whole after being solidified and molded, the winding direction angle of the carbon fibers is divided into the combination of the annular direction of the sealing head end and the spiral direction of the sealing head end according to stress distribution and the opening of the gas cylinder, and the winding angle can be continuously changed according to the position no matter the spiral direction or the annular winding is carried out in order to ensure the strength and the light weight. The invention has the advantages of optimized aerodynamic resistance, strong space adaptability and convenient customization.

Inventors

• HUANG JUN

Assignees

• 复旦大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260402

Claims (6)

1. 1. A high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle for mobile equipment is characterized by comprising an airtight inner container, a carbon fiber winding layer, a bottle mouth and a bottle navel, wherein the carbon fiber winding layer is wound outside the airtight inner container, one side of a bottle body is the bottle mouth, the other side of the bottle body is the bottle navel, the bottle body of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle adopts an axisymmetric rotator structure, the bottle body comprises a bottle mouth section end socket, a middle main body section and a bottle navel end socket, the bottle mouth section end socket and the bottle navel end socket both adopt an ellipsoidal crown structure, the middle main body section is a waist drum structure with two thin ends and a thick middle, and the joint among the bottle mouth section end socket, the middle main body section and the bottle navel end socket adopts a smooth transition design.
2. 2. The high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle for mobile equipment according to claim 1, wherein a conic curve or an optimally designed smooth transition curve is adopted for a convolution bus of an axisymmetric convolution structure of the bottle body.
3. 3. The high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle for mobile equipment according to claim 1, wherein the diameters of the joints of the middle main body section, the bottle mouth section end socket and the bottle navel end socket can be unequal, so that the bottle body presents an overall appearance of one thick end and one thin end.
4. 4. The high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle for mobile equipment according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the long and short axes of the bottle mouth section end closure and the bottle navel end closure is unequal, i.e. the surface area of the bottle navel end closure on the smaller diameter side is close to the surface area of the bottle mouth section end closure on the larger diameter side. The air resistance is reduced and the volume-weight ratio is increased while the strength requirement is ensured.
5. 5. A high pressure hydrogen storage bottle for mobile equipment as claimed in claim 1 wherein the radial radius of the bottle body decreases progressively and continuously from the thickest point of the intermediate body section to the apex of the two end finish section closure, intermediate body section and bottle umbilical end closure.
6. 6. The high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle for mobile equipment according to claim 1, wherein the airtight liner is a metal liner or a polymer material liner, the carbon fiber winding layer is formed by compounding high-strength carbon fibers with a resin matrix and winding the carbon fiber winding layer in a certain angle and sequence, the carbon fiber winding layer is tightly combined with the airtight liner into a whole after being solidified and molded, and the carbon fiber winding direction angle is divided into a combination of the circumferential direction of an overseal end and the spiral direction of an overseal end according to stress distribution and an opening of a gas bottle, and the winding angle is adjusted to be continuously changed according to the position of the overseal end in order to ensure the strength and the light weight, and the spiral winding or the circumferential winding is realized.

Description

High-pressure hydrogen storage bottle for mobile equipment Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage, in particular to a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle for mobile equipment, which is suitable for demanding requirements on space, weight and pneumatic appearance, and is particularly suitable for scenes such as hydrogen fuel powered aviation aircrafts. Background The hydrogen fuel is used as a new energy source with great potential in the global energy transformation process, has the core advantages that the combustion product is only water, can realize zero carbon emission in the whole life cycle, perfectly meets the urgent requirements of the fields of transportation, aerospace and the like on green low carbon development, and becomes one of the key directions for solving the problems of environmental pollution and resource exhaustion of the traditional fossil energy. However, the inherent physical characteristics of hydrogen energy itself make large-scale commercial application thereof face a significant bottleneck, namely, the energy density of gaseous hydrogen is extremely low, and the energy density is only about 12.7 kJ/L under the normal atmospheric pressure and normal temperature environment, which is far lower than that of traditional fuels such as gasoline (about 34.2 MJ/L) and diesel oil, which means that to meet the continuous voyage requirement of equipment, the hydrogen storage amount under unit volume or unit weight must be improved through specific technical means, and the hydrogen storage technology is therefore the core key for restricting the development of the hydrogen energy industry. Currently, the main global hydrogen energy storage technology route is mainly divided into two main categories, namely liquefied storage and high-pressure gas storage. The liquefied storage technology liquefies hydrogen by cooling it to an ultra-low temperature state of-253 ℃ and utilizes the higher energy density (about 10 MJ/L) of liquid hydrogen to achieve efficient storage. On the one hand, the maintenance of the ultralow temperature environment requires a complex heat insulation system and continuous refrigeration energy consumption, so that the energy consumption in the liquefaction process is up to 30% -40%, the full life cycle cost is remarkably improved, on the other hand, evaporation loss of liquid hydrogen is easy to occur in the storage and transportation process, the storage efficiency is reduced, the stringent requirements on safety protection are also provided, and long-term storage cannot be realized under the condition of separating from a cooling system, so that the method is limited to be widely applied to the field of mobile equipment. The high-pressure gas storage is a mainstream choice of mobile scenes such as vehicles, aviation and the like at present because of high technical maturity and relatively controllable cost. The technology realizes storage and transportation by compressing hydrogen to a high pressure state of 35-70 MPa and utilizing a special hydrogen storage bottle. In order to balance the weight and pressure resistance of the hydrogen storage bottle, the industry generally adopts a carbon fiber winding composite structure, an inner container made of aluminum alloy or high polymer material is arranged inside the carbon fiber winding composite structure to play a role in airtight, and the composite material of high-strength carbon fiber and resin is wound outside the carbon fiber winding composite structure, so that the volume-weight ratio (hydrogen storage volume per unit weight) of the hydrogen storage bottle can be greatly improved through the design, and the basic requirement of mobile equipment on light weight is met. At present, most of the hydrogen storage bottles for vehicles adopt a classical structure of a middle cylinder shape and hemispherical or semi-ellipsoidal end sockets at two ends, and the configuration can save the space for arranging the hydrogen storage bottles in the vehicles, particularly for arranging a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles side by side in heavy vehicles, and is also convenient for mass production and manufacture. However, hydrogen storage bottles for aviation, robotics, and the like face more complex technical challenges and constraints than in vehicular scenarios. For example, aircraft equipment is more demanding in terms of volumetric weight ratio. The load of the aircraft directly affects the flying speed, the endurance mileage and the fuel economy, so that the aviation hydrogen storage bottle needs to be as light as possible on the basis of meeting the high-voltage pressure-resistant requirement, the internal space of aviation equipment is extremely limited, and the aircraft is required to adapt to complex overall configurations such as a fuselage, a wing and the like, particularly the aircraft faces complex mechanical environments such as aerodynamic drag, airflow disturbance,