CN-122014994-A - Vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen system applied to liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive

CN122014994ACN 122014994 ACN122014994 ACN 122014994ACN-122014994-A

Abstract

The application discloses a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen system applied to a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive, which relates to the field of rail transit hydrogen energy equipment, wherein a gas phase region of a liquid hydrogen bottle is used for containing BOG gas generated by evaporation of liquid hydrogen, a gas phase outlet is used for providing a channel for discharging the BOG gas, a pressure sensor arranged in the gas phase region can detect the pressure of the gas in the bottle in real time and transmit signals to a liquid hydrogen system controller, and a BOG processing valve comprises at least two BOG switching valves with different calibers and is communicated with the gas phase region one by one.

Inventors

ZHENG ZHIQIANG
WAN XINYU
WANG HAILONG
LI JUN
HUANG GUI
LIAO NANNAN
WEN XIANGLONG
ZHENG HENG
WANG FEI
SHI SHUNYAN

Assignees

中车戚墅堰机车有限公司
中车科技创新(北京)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260330

Claims (10)

1. A vehicular liquid hydrogen system for a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive, comprising: The liquid hydrogen bottle for storing liquid hydrogen comprises a gas phase region and a liquid phase region, wherein the gas phase region is a space region occupied by gaseous hydrogen, the liquid phase region is a space region occupied by liquid hydrogen, the gas phase region is provided with a gas phase outlet, and the liquid phase region is provided with a liquid phase outlet; The evaporation gas BOG treatment valve is arranged at a gas phase outlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle and comprises at least two BOG switching valves, wherein the caliber of the BOG switching valves is different, and the BOG switching valves are communicated with a gas phase area of the liquid hydrogen bottle one by one; A pressure sensor arranged in the gas phase region of the liquid hydrogen bottle and used for detecting the gas pressure in the liquid hydrogen bottle; And the liquid hydrogen system controller is used for opening the corresponding BOG switch valve in stages according to the sequence from small caliber to large caliber based on the pressure change condition of the gas pressure.
2. The on-vehicle liquid hydrogen system for a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive of claim 1 wherein said BOG handling valves sequentially comprise a first BOG switch valve, a second BOG switch valve, a third BOG switch valve, a fourth BOG switch valve, a fifth BOG switch valve, a sixth BOG switch valve, a seventh BOG switch valve, and an eighth BOG switch valve in order of caliber from small to large.
3. The on-vehicle liquid hydrogen system for liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive according to claim 2, wherein the liquid hydrogen system controller, when executing the pressure change condition based on the gas pressure, opens the corresponding BOG switching valve in stages in order of small caliber to large caliber, specifically comprises: if the gas pressure is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure threshold value and less than a second preset pressure threshold value, alternately opening the first BOG switch valve and the second BOG switch valve; If the gas pressure is greater than or equal to the second preset pressure threshold and less than a third preset pressure threshold, controlling the first BOG switching valve and the second BOG switching valve to be in an opening state, and alternately opening the third BOG switching valve and the fourth BOG switching valve; If the gas pressure is greater than or equal to the third preset pressure threshold and less than a fourth preset pressure threshold, controlling the first BOG switching valve, the second BOG switching valve, the third BOG switching valve and the fourth BOG switching valve to be in an opening state, and alternately opening the fifth BOG switching valve and the sixth BOG switching valve; And if the gas pressure is greater than or equal to the fourth preset pressure threshold, controlling the first BOG switching valve, the second BOG switching valve, the third BOG switching valve, the fourth BOG switching valve, the fifth BOG switching valve and the sixth BOG switching valve to be in an opening state, and opening the seventh BOG switching valve and the eighth BOG switching valve.
4. The on-board liquid hydrogen system for use in a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: The liquid phase outlet valve is arranged at the liquid phase outlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle and is used for communicating the liquid phase region of the liquid hydrogen bottle with an external pipeline; a main shutoff valve connected with the input end of the liquid phase outlet valve of the liquid hydrogen bottle and used for conveying liquid hydrogen to the external pipeline; The input end of the vaporizer is connected with the output end of the liquid phase outlet valve and is used for providing heat energy for the liquid hydrogen so as to convert the liquid hydrogen into gaseous hydrogen; The first temperature sensor is arranged at the output end of the vaporizer and is used for detecting the temperature of the gaseous hydrogen output by the vaporizer; The input end of the pressure reducing valve is connected with the output end of the vaporizer and is used for regulating and controlling the output pressure of gaseous hydrogen; And the input end of the hydrogen supply valve is connected with the output end of the pressure reducing valve, and the output end of the hydrogen supply valve is connected with the fuel cell system.
5. The on-board liquid hydrogen system for use in a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive as claimed in claim 4, further comprising: And the overcurrent protection valve is connected in series between the main shutoff valve and the liquid phase outlet valve and is used for detecting the flow rate of liquid hydrogen flowing through the overcurrent protection valve.
6. The on-board liquid hydrogen system for a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive as claimed in claim 5 wherein said liquid hydrogen system controller is coupled to said over-current protection valve for closing said over-current protection valve if said liquid hydrogen flow is greater than or equal to a predetermined safety threshold.
7. The on-vehicle liquid hydrogen system for use in a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive as claimed in claim 4 wherein said liquid hydrogen system controller is connected to said liquid phase outlet valve, said vaporizer, said first temperature sensor, said pressure relief valve, said main shut-off valve, said hydrogen supply valve, respectively; The liquid hydrogen system controller is further used for opening the main shutoff valve, the liquid phase outlet valve, the pressure reducing valve and the hydrogen supply valve if a hydrogen supply instruction is detected, closing the liquid phase outlet valve, the pressure reducing valve and the hydrogen supply valve if the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor does not belong to a preset temperature range, and adjusting the opening of the pressure reducing valve to adjust the output pressure of gaseous hydrogen if the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor belongs to the preset temperature range.
8. The on-board liquid hydrogen system for use in a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive as claimed in claim 7, wherein said liquid hydrogen system controller is further configured to: and if a hydrogen supply stopping instruction is detected, closing the hydrogen supply valve, the liquid phase outlet valve, the pressure reducing valve and the main shutoff valve.
9. The on-board liquid hydrogen system for use in a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: the liquid level meter is arranged in the liquid hydrogen bottle and is used for detecting the liquid level of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen bottle; a hydrogenation port communicated with the liquid phase region of the liquid hydrogen bottle and used for receiving liquid hydrogen filled in the liquid hydrogen bottle; The one-way valve is arranged on the bottle cap of the liquid hydrogen bottle, so that liquid hydrogen flows from the hydrogenation port to the inside of the liquid hydrogen bottle in a one-way.
10. The on-vehicle liquid hydrogen system for a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive of claim 9, wherein said liquid hydrogen system controller is connected to said level gauge, said hydrogenation port, said check valve, respectively; The liquid hydrogen system controller is further used for opening the one-way valve to enable liquid hydrogen to flow in one way from the hydrogenation port to the inside of the liquid hydrogen bottle if a hydrogenation instruction is detected, and closing the one-way valve if the liquid level detected by the liquid level meter reaches a preset liquid level threshold value.

Description

Vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen system applied to liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of rail transit hydrogen energy equipment, in particular to a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen system applied to a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive. Background The liquid hydrogen fuel is an important direction of hydrogen energy application in the field of rail transit due to the characteristics of cleanliness and high efficiency. A plurality of vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen systems are arranged in a rail transit locomotive, liquid hydrogen is required to be stored in an ultralow temperature environment at about minus 253 ℃, even if perfect heat insulation measures are adopted for liquid hydrogen bottles in the vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen systems, BOG (Boil-Off Gas) is generated by evaporation of part of liquid hydrogen due to heat conduction, and if the BOG Gas cannot be processed in time, the pressure of the liquid hydrogen bottles is over-limited, so that the safety risk of explosion exists. In the prior art, a single large-caliber BOG switch valve is arranged on each liquid hydrogen bottle, and when the pressure of the liquid hydrogen bottle is detected to exceed the upper limit, the BOG switch valve is opened to carry out BOG gas release. However, the method has the obvious defect that the discharge mode of a single large-caliber BOG switch valve causes rough flow control, and a great deal of waste of hydrogen energy is easily caused. Therefore, there is a need for an on-vehicle liquid hydrogen system that can achieve refined emission of BOG gas to improve the utilization rate of hydrogen energy. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the present application provides a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen system applied to a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive, so as to achieve the purpose of realizing refined emission of BOG gas to improve the utilization rate of hydrogen energy. The specific scheme is as follows: the first aspect of the present application provides a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen system applied to a liquid hydrogen fuel cell locomotive, comprising: The liquid hydrogen bottle for storing liquid hydrogen comprises a gas phase region and a liquid phase region, wherein the gas phase region is a space region occupied by gaseous hydrogen, the liquid phase region is a space region occupied by liquid hydrogen, the gas phase region is provided with a gas phase outlet, and the liquid phase region is provided with a liquid phase outlet; The BOG treatment valve comprises at least two BOG switching valves, wherein the caliber of the BOG switching valves is different, and the BOG switching valves are communicated with the gas phase area of the liquid hydrogen bottle one by one; A pressure sensor arranged in the gas phase region of the liquid hydrogen bottle and used for detecting the gas pressure in the liquid hydrogen bottle; And the liquid hydrogen system controller is used for opening the corresponding BOG switch valve in stages according to the sequence from small caliber to large caliber based on the pressure change condition of the gas pressure. In one possible implementation, the BOG processing valves sequentially include a first BOG switch valve, a second BOG switch valve, a third BOG switch valve, a fourth BOG switch valve, a fifth BOG switch valve, a sixth BOG switch valve, a seventh BOG switch valve, and an eighth BOG switch valve in order from small caliber to large caliber. In one possible implementation, when the liquid hydrogen system controller executes the pressure change condition based on the gas pressure, the corresponding BOG switching valve is opened in stages in the order from small caliber to large caliber, and specifically includes: if the gas pressure is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure threshold value and less than a second preset pressure threshold value, alternately opening the first BOG switch valve and the second BOG switch valve; If the gas pressure is greater than or equal to the second preset pressure threshold and less than a third preset pressure threshold, controlling the first BOG switching valve and the second BOG switching valve to be in an opening state, and alternately opening the third BOG switching valve and the fourth BOG switching valve; If the gas pressure is greater than or equal to the third preset pressure threshold and less than a fourth preset pressure threshold, controlling the first BOG switching valve, the second BOG switching valve, the third BOG switching valve and the fourth BOG switching valve to be in an opening state, and alternately opening the fifth BOG switching valve and the sixth BOG switching valve; And if the gas pressure is greater than or equal to the fourth preset pressure threshold, controlling the first BOG switching valve, the second BOG switching valve, the third BOG switching valve, the fourth BOG switching valve, the fifth BOG switching valve a