CN-122015018-A - Triple protection system and protection method for crude oil leakage of pipeline

CN122015018ACN 122015018 ACN122015018 ACN 122015018ACN-122015018-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of protection systems, in particular to a triple protection system for crude oil leakage of a pipeline and a protection method, wherein the triple protection system comprises a maintenance prevention module, a real-time monitoring module, a data analysis processing module and an emergency protection module, wherein the maintenance prevention module comprises an enhanced design construction unit, a pipeline maintenance unit, an employee training unit and a data preprocessing unit, the real-time monitoring module comprises a sensing installation unit and an early warning unit, the data analysis processing module comprises a data acquisition unit, a data processing center and a high-efficiency analysis unit, the emergency protection module comprises an emergency starting unit, a command execution unit, a leakage source cutting unit, a blocking recovery unit and a repairing unit, the system can effectively prevent crude oil leakage through regular detection and maintenance work, the real-time monitoring module can be used for sensing the running state of the pipeline in real time, abnormal conditions can be found in time, and the emergency protection module can automatically start an emergency plan and execute corresponding operation when a leakage event occurs.

Inventors

REN XIAORONG
XU ZIQIANG
WANG LINPING
SHI MINGXIA
HE ZHANYOU
LI PEI
ZHANG RUI
XU BIN
HUANG TIANHU
HUANG BIN
CHEN GANG
XU WENLONG

Assignees

中国石油天然气股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20241111

Claims (9)

1. The triple protection system for crude oil leakage of the pipeline comprises a maintenance prevention module, a real-time monitoring module, a data analysis processing module and an emergency protection module, and is characterized in that, The maintenance and prevention module comprises a reinforced design construction unit, a pipeline maintenance unit, an employee training unit and a data preprocessing unit, wherein the reinforced design construction unit, the pipeline maintenance unit, the employee training unit and the data preprocessing unit are used for selecting high-quality and corrosion-resistant materials, optimizing pipeline layout and avoiding crossing an environment sensitive area, the pipeline maintenance unit adopts a detection instrument to periodically observe and detect the state of a pipeline and repair potential hidden danger, the employee training unit can establish a sound safety management system, the responsibility and the obligation of personnel at all levels are clear, the safety education and the training of the employees are enhanced, and the knowledge and coping capacity of the personnel on crude oil leakage risks are improved; The real-time monitoring module comprises a sensing installation unit for sensing and monitoring the running state of the pipeline and an early warning unit for timely generating an alarm, wherein the sensing installation unit is used for installing a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a liquid level sensor, a gas concentration sensor and an infrared radiation thermometer along the pipeline, and the early warning unit adopts an audible and visual alarm device for warning; The data analysis processing module comprises a data collector, a data processing center, an efficient analysis unit and an advanced data analysis algorithm and model, wherein the data collector is used for converting analog signals collected by the sensor into digital signals and performing preliminary processing, the data processing center is used for receiving data from data collection equipment and storing, processing and analyzing the data, the efficient analysis unit is used for performing deep mining and analysis on pipeline operation data by utilizing the advanced data analysis algorithm and model, and identifying potential abnormal conditions or risk points: The emergency protection module comprises an emergency starting unit, a command execution unit, a leakage source cutting unit, a containment recovery unit and a repair unit, wherein the emergency starting unit is used for starting an emergency plan when a leakage event occurs, the command execution unit is used for establishing an emergency communication network and is responsible for controlling and coordinating actions of all emergency groups so as to ensure efficient performance of emergency response, the leakage source cutting unit determines the specific position of a leakage source through the sensing installation unit and starts the valve closing device to cut off the leakage source, the containment recovery unit is used for setting a cofferdam around a leakage area to prevent leakage from diffusing, then an oil absorber and an oil-water separator are started to carry out containment and recovery on leaked crude oil, and the repair unit is used for carrying out sampling analysis on the polluted area, evaluating the pollution degree and the pollution range and formulating a targeted environment repair scheme according to an evaluation result.
2. The triple protection system for crude oil leakage of a pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the detecting instrument in the pipeline maintenance unit can use an ultrasonic crack detector, a magnetic flux leakage method intelligent pipe cleaner, a pipeline corrosion rate detector, a pipeline leakage point detector, a pipeline magnetic powder detector and a pressure tester, wherein the ultrasonic crack detector can detect and position cracks, air holes and the like generated by corrosion in the pipeline wall through ultrasonic waves, the risk is evaluated and diagnosed, the magnetic flux leakage method intelligent pipe cleaner can detect thickness changes of the pipeline wall and dent conditions of the pipeline wall caused by corrosion inside and outside the pipeline, the pipeline corrosion rate detector can detect the corrosion degree of the inner wall of the pipeline through a detector, and the display screen on the instrument can display results, the pipeline leakage point detector can detect leakage points in a pipeline system, the leakage points comprise leakage points at a pipeline interface and the pipeline interior, the pipeline magnetic powder detector is coated with magnetic powder on the pipeline surface, then magnetic fields are used for attracting the magnetic powder, so that cracks and defects on the pipeline surface are displayed, and the pressure tester can measure the pressure in the pipeline, so that whether leakage exists and the position and size of the pipeline leakage are judged.
3. The triple protection system for crude oil leakage of pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the sensing installation unit further comprises a sound detector for sensing pressure change and generated sound inside the pipeline, and real-time monitoring and detection of the running state of the pipeline can be realized through monitoring the sound.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the early warning unit further comprises a monitor display screen for displaying the operating state of the pipeline, the data analysis result and the early warning information in real time, providing visual support for the manager, and ensuring rapid transmission of the early warning information and rapid start of emergency response, such as interphone, telephone, mobile phone, etc., for the instant communication tool between the on-site personnel and the monitoring center.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the data analysis module further comprises a data evaluation unit for evaluating risk of leakage of the pipeline to evaluate whether the pipeline has risk of leakage and risk level, and when the risk level is high, the early warning unit is automatically started to perform warning treatment in time.
6. The triple protection system for crude oil leakage through pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the leakage source shut-off unit is adapted to activate an emergency shut-off valve to rapidly shut off the leakage source in case of emergency.
7. The triple protection system for crude oil leakage through pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the repair unit can analyze the type and concentration of the pollutants by using a gas chromatograph and a liquid chromatograph, and the environmental repair scheme can adopt one or more of soil leaching, soil vapor extraction, solidification stabilization, chemical leaching repair, in-situ chemical oxidation repair, phytoremediation, microbial degradation and biological adsorption.
8. The triple protection system for crude oil leakage of pipeline according to claim 1, wherein after the emergency protection module is completed, the emergency response can be summarized and analyzed, and improvement suggestions are provided, so that the emergency response system is continuously perfected and optimized, and the future emergency management level is improved.
9. The triple protection method for the leakage of the crude oil in the pipeline is characterized by comprising the triple protection system for the leakage of the crude oil in the pipeline according to the claims 1-8, and comprises the following steps: Firstly, in the pipeline design stage, selecting corrosion-resistant and high-strength materials, optimizing the pipeline layout, avoiding crossing an environment sensitive area, strictly executing quality standards in the construction process, ensuring the quality of key processes such as welding and the like, detecting the pipeline regularly by using an ultrasonic crack detector, a magnetic leakage method intelligent pipe cleaner, a pipeline corrosion rate detector, a pipeline leakage point detector, a pipeline magnetic powder detector and a pressure tester, finding and repairing potential hidden hazards in time, reinforcing the inspection along the pipeline, preventing the damage of a third party, reinforcing the safety education and training of staff, improving the knowledge and coping capability of the staff on the crude oil leakage risk, establishing a sound safety management system, and defining the responsibility and obligation of personnel at all levels to play a role in protecting one time; When the pipeline is installed, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a liquid level sensor, a gas concentration sensor and an infrared radiation thermometer are installed along the pipeline so as to monitor the running state of the pipeline in real time, analog signals acquired by the sensors can be transmitted to a data acquisition device and then collected into a data processing center, data analysis processing is carried out through a high-efficiency analysis unit, and once the condition of abnormal data occurs, an audible and visual alarm device is started immediately to give an alarm, so that the double protection effect is achieved; when a leakage event occurs, immediately starting an emergency starting unit, disposing according to a preset program, establishing an emergency communication network, controlling and coordinating actions of all emergency groups to ensure efficient progress of emergency response, determining the specific position of a leakage source through a sensing installation unit, and starting a valve closing device to cut off the leakage source; And fourthly, arranging a cofferdam around the leakage area to prevent leakage from diffusing, starting an oil absorber and an oil-water separator to block and recycle the leaked crude oil, then carrying out sampling analysis on the polluted area to evaluate the pollution degree and the pollution range, and formulating a targeted environment restoration scheme according to the evaluation result to play a role in triple protection.

Description

Triple protection system and protection method for crude oil leakage of pipeline Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of protection systems, in particular to a triple protection system and a triple protection method for crude oil leakage of a pipeline. Background The protection system for the crude oil leakage of the pipeline mostly establishes an external prevention and control system for the pipeline, can effectively prevent, timely discover and quickly respond to the crude oil leakage event, ensures the environmental safety and the production safety, ensures that the pipeline is not influenced by serious accidents when the leakage phenomenon occurs, and greatly improves the use safety of the pipeline. The traditional protection system often depends on countermeasures after accidents, lacks the capability of active prevention and real-time monitoring, and when crude oil leakage occurs, the system cannot respond timely, is often found after a certain loss is caused by leakage, and traditional security equipment such as electronic fences, vibration optical cables and the like are easily subjected to interference of environmental factors, such as weather conditions of frost, rain, snow and the like, so that the monitoring effect is greatly reduced. Therefore, aiming at the problems that when crude oil leakage occurs in the protection system, the system cannot respond in time, the traditional security equipment such as an electronic fence, a vibration optical cable and the like are easily interfered by environmental factors, the monitoring effect is greatly reduced, the whole range of a pipeline cannot be covered, a monitoring blind area exists, an advanced intelligent analysis algorithm and a model are lacked, and the pipeline operation data cannot be deeply excavated and analyzed, the triple protection system and the triple protection method for the crude oil leakage of the pipeline, which can be efficiently protected, can be designed. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the problems that a protection system lacks the capability of active prevention and real-time monitoring, security equipment such as an electronic fence, a vibration optical cable and the like is easily interfered by environmental factors, and advanced intelligent analysis algorithms and models are lacking, so that deep excavation and analysis of pipeline operation data cannot be performed. The technical scheme of the invention is that the system comprises a maintenance prevention module, a real-time monitoring module, a data analysis processing module and an emergency protection module, wherein, The maintenance and prevention module comprises a reinforced design construction unit, a pipeline maintenance unit, an employee training unit and a data preprocessing unit, wherein the reinforced design construction unit, the pipeline maintenance unit, the employee training unit and the data preprocessing unit are used for selecting high-quality and corrosion-resistant materials, optimizing pipeline layout and avoiding crossing an environment sensitive area, the pipeline maintenance unit adopts a detection instrument to periodically observe and detect the state of a pipeline and repair potential hidden danger, the employee training unit can establish a sound safety management system, the responsibility and the obligation of personnel at all levels are clear, the safety education and the training of the employees are enhanced, and the knowledge and coping capacity of the personnel on crude oil leakage risks are improved; The real-time monitoring module comprises a sensing installation unit for sensing and monitoring the running state of the pipeline and an early warning unit for timely generating an alarm, wherein the sensing installation unit is used for installing a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a liquid level sensor, a gas concentration sensor and an infrared radiation thermometer along the pipeline, and the early warning unit adopts an audible and visual alarm device for warning; The data analysis processing module comprises a data collector, a data processing center, an efficient analysis unit and an advanced data analysis algorithm and model, wherein the data collector is used for converting analog signals collected by the sensor into digital signals and performing preliminary processing, the data processing center is used for receiving data from data collection equipment and storing, processing and analyzing the data, the efficient analysis unit is used for performing deep mining and analysis on pipeline operation data by utilizing the advanced data analysis algorithm and model, and identifying potential abnormal conditions or risk points: The emergency protection module comprises an emergency starting unit, a command execution unit, a leakage source cutting unit, a containment recovery unit and a repair unit, wherein the emergency starting unit is used for starting an emergency plan wh