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CN-122015097-A - RFF mixed-burning type garbage heat treatment furnace and method

CN122015097ACN 122015097 ACN122015097 ACN 122015097ACN-122015097-A

Abstract

The invention discloses RFF mixed firing type a waste heat treatment furnace and a method. The furnace body comprises a combustion space, a pyrolysis space, a transfer mechanism and pyrolysis gas nozzles, wherein the upper, middle and lower three layers of nozzles are respectively arranged in the first oxygen supply pipeline in the combustion space, and three layers of fire areas are correspondingly formed. Solid and gaseous products generated by pyrolysis are respectively sent into a combustion space, an upper layer nozzle is flush with a pyrolysis gas nozzle, oxygen and pyrolysis gas are fully mixed and combusted to form an upper layer fire zone, heat of the upper layer fire zone and the middle layer fire zone reversely burns the solid products, and the lower layer fire zone thoroughly burns the solid products. The method comprises the three steps of pyrolysis, back burning and incineration, and through space separation and time sequence optimization, the staged optimization treatment of the garbage organic components is realized, the combustion efficiency is improved, and the generation and the residue of harmful gases are reduced.

Inventors

  • LI JUAN
  • LU YI
  • XIANG XIN
  • Yi Chenyang
  • HUANG ZHIHAO
  • ZHANG ZUOBIN
  • KANG WENDONG
  • LIU XIAOLIANG

Assignees

  • 湖南科技大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260413

Claims (15)

  1. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace is characterized by comprising a combustion space (1), a pyrolysis space (2), a transfer mechanism (3) for moving solid products generated by pyrolysis into the combustion space (1), and a pyrolysis gas nozzle (4) for transferring gaseous products generated by pyrolysis into the combustion space (1); A first oxygen supply pipeline (5) is arranged in the combustion space (1), and an upper layer nozzle (51), a middle layer nozzle (52) and a lower layer nozzle (53) are formed in the first oxygen supply pipeline (5) at vertical intervals; The upper layer nozzle (51) is basically flush with the pyrolysis gas nozzle (4), an upper layer fire area (11) is formed in the right opposite area of the upper layer nozzle (51), a middle layer fire area (12) is formed in the right opposite area of the middle layer nozzle (52), a lower layer fire area (13) is formed in the right opposite area of the lower layer nozzle (53), the solid products are reversely burned by heat generated by the upper layer fire area (11) and the middle layer fire area (12), and the solid products are burned by the lower layer fire area (13).
  2. 2. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combustion space (1) is adjacent to the pyrolysis space (2) and is separated from the pyrolysis space by a heat radiation heating plate (6).
  3. 3. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein a rotary furnace plate (14) for bearing solid products is arranged in the combustion space (1).
  4. 4. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace as set forth in claim 3, wherein the rotary furnace tray (14) is formed with through holes for passing ash, and a burnout zone (15) is formed below the rotary furnace tray (14).
  5. 5. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, wherein the combustion space (1) is spherical.
  6. 6. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein a perforated plate (16) is arranged at the top of the combustion space (1), and a plurality of holes (161) are formed on one side of the perforated plate (16) away from the pyrolysis gas nozzle (4).
  7. 7. The heat treatment furnace for mixed-firing RFF refuse as set forth in claim 6, wherein said holes (161) are formed as holes of varying cross section, the lower half of which is cylindrical and the upper half of which is inverted bell mouth-shaped with the lower part being smaller and the upper part being larger.
  8. 8. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein a closable feeding opening (21) is formed at the top of the pyrolysis space (2) or the transfer mechanism (3).
  9. 9. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, wherein the transfer mechanism (3) is arranged as a piston push rod.
  10. 10. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace as set forth in claim 3, wherein the first oxygen supply pipeline (5) is vertically arranged in the center of the combustion space (1), and the bottom of the first oxygen supply pipeline penetrates through the rotary furnace plate (14) and then is communicated with an external oxygen source.
  11. 11. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a secondary combustion space (7) adjacent to the pyrolysis space (2), wherein the secondary combustion space (7) is communicated with the top of the pyrolysis space (2), is coated on the outer side of the pyrolysis space (2), and can radiate heat to the pyrolysis space (2).
  12. 12. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace as set forth in claim 5, further comprising a plurality of waterfall nozzles (8) arranged around the inner wall of the combustion space (1).
  13. 13. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper layer nozzle (51) or/and the middle layer nozzle (52) or/and the lower layer nozzle (53) is/are arranged as a micropore group surrounding the first oxygen supply pipeline (5).
  14. 14. The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace as set forth in claim 13, wherein the micropores forming the upper layer nozzle (51) and/or the micropores forming the middle layer nozzle (52) and/or the micropores forming the lower layer nozzle (53) are inclined to the same side so that the gas inputted from each micropore forms a circumferential cyclone in the combustion space (1).
  15. 15. A waste heat treatment method suitable for use in the RFF mixed firing waste heat treatment furnace as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising the steps of: s1, pyrolysis, namely, enabling garbage to enter a pyrolysis space (2) and pyrolyzing to generate solid products and gaseous products; S2, back burning, namely conveying solid products to a burning space (1) through a transfer mechanism (3), and back burning through an upper fire zone (11) and a middle fire zone (12); S3, burning, namely burning the solid product after back burning in a lower fire zone (13).

Description

RFF mixed-burning type garbage heat treatment furnace and method Technical Field The invention mainly relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to an RFF mixed-burning type garbage heat treatment furnace and an RFF mixed-burning type garbage heat treatment method. Background In the field of garbage disposal, heat treatment (such as incineration and pyrolysis) is an effective means for realizing the substantial volume reduction and weight reduction of garbage and recovering energy. For small communities, islands or dispersed areas, the small garbage heat treatment furnace has strong application potential due to small occupied area and relatively low investment. Common such equipment generally adopts incineration and pyrolysis processes, but due to unreasonable furnace structure and workflow, a large amount of harmful gases are often generated in the heat treatment process. In order to meet the environmental emission standards, the above-mentioned large amount of harmful gas must be specially treated by additionally adding tail gas purifying treatment equipment, and the purchase and installation of the tail gas treating equipment can increase the initial construction cost of the garbage heat treatment device, and the daily operation, maintenance and consumable replacement of the tail gas treating equipment can also generate continuous operation cost, so that the overall treatment cost of garbage is greatly increased, and the popularization and application of the small-sized garbage heat treatment technology are limited. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the furnace structure and the work flow, and to achieve sufficient and thorough heat treatment of the waste in the furnace, and to minimize the generation of harmful gases, thereby reducing the overall treatment cost. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problems of optimizing the furnace body structure and the working flow, realizing the full and thorough heat treatment of garbage in the furnace, and reducing the generation of harmful gas to the maximum extent so as to reduce the overall treatment cost. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The RFF mixed combustion type garbage heat treatment furnace comprises a combustion space, a pyrolysis space, a transfer mechanism for transferring solid products generated by pyrolysis into the combustion space, and a pyrolysis gas nozzle for transferring gaseous products generated by pyrolysis into the combustion space, wherein a first oxygen supply pipeline is arranged in the combustion space, an upper nozzle, a middle nozzle and a lower nozzle are formed in the first oxygen supply pipeline at vertical intervals, the upper nozzle is basically flush with the pyrolysis gas nozzle, an upper fire area is formed in a right-over area of the upper nozzle, a middle fire area is formed in a right-over area of the middle nozzle, a lower fire area is formed in a right-over area of the lower nozzle, heat generated by the upper fire area and the middle fire area is used for back-burning the solid products, and the lower fire area is used for burning the solid products. According to the structure, the pyrolysis space is arranged, solid products and gaseous products generated by pyrolysis are respectively introduced into the combustion space, and the structure is combined with layered oxygen supply, so that the zoning and grading cooperative treatment of the gaseous products and the solid products is realized. Specifically, the upper layer nozzle is basically level with the pyrolysis gas nozzle, oxygen input from the upper layer nozzle can be fully mixed with gaseous products (namely pyrolysis gas) input from the pyrolysis gas nozzle and burnt to generate stable high-temperature flame to form an upper layer fire zone, and the upper layer fire zone not only can consume the pyrolysis gas so as to reduce the content of harmful gases, but also can reversely input heat generated by the upper layer fire zone into a pyrolysis space and form back burning on solid products, so that energy consumption is saved. Meanwhile, the upper fire zone and the middle fire zone are subjected to back burning (namely baking) to promote the further thermal decomposition of the solid products to generate combustible gases such as CO and the like, in the process, the solid products are further subjected to thermal treatment, and the generated combustible gases such as CO and the like can be reused as fuel to enter the upper fire zone and the middle fire zone, so that combustion is promoted, and the back burning can also lead the solid products to undergo a gradual heating process, so that the out-of-control pyrolysis reaction and the instantaneous and massive release of harmful gases caused by temperature shock in the traditional direct burning are avoided. Thereafter, the solid products after back-firing enter the lower fire zone, where they are