CN-122015304-A - Preparation method and application of modified carbon-based photothermal conversion material

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a modified carbon-based photothermal conversion material, and belongs to the technical field of photothermal conversion materials. According to the invention, waste biomass is used as a carbon source to prepare carbon ink, waste resource recycling is realized, pore structure and surface activity of biomass carbon powder are effectively improved through staged temperature control carbonization and activation treatment, interface binding force and wetting permeability between carbon particles and dust-free paper are obviously enhanced, modification is more uniform and firm, mechanical stability and durability of the material are improved, excellent load and distribution with dust-free paper can be achieved, and a photo-thermal conversion material with excellent comprehensive performance is facilitated.

Inventors

• ZHENG CAIHUA
• HE JINFENG

Assignees

• 清远职业技术学院

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260204

Claims (10)

1. 1. The preparation method of the modified carbon-based photothermal conversion material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, carbonizing and grinding the crushed biomass raw material to obtain biomass carbon powder; s2, performing ball milling treatment according to the component proportion of the carbon ink to prepare the carbon ink; s3, mixing the carbon ink prepared in the step S2 with deionized water, and uniformly dispersing to obtain an ink aqueous dispersion; S4, immersing the dust-free paper into the ink aqueous dispersion liquid to enable the dust-free paper to be completely immersed, and performing ultrasonic auxiliary modification treatment to obtain ink modified dust-free paper; S5, taking out the ink modified dust-free paper, and drying to obtain the modified carbon-based light-heat conversion material.
2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the biomass material is at least one of crop straw, rice hull, wood, bamboo, fruit shell, and algae.
3. 3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization treatment is performed in an inert gas atmosphere, the temperature is raised to 350 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 1 ℃ to 3 ℃ per minute, the temperature is kept for 30 to 60 minutes, and the temperature is raised to 650 ℃ to 800 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 8 ℃ to 10 ℃ per minute, and the temperature is kept for 1 to 3 hours.
4. 4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the grinding treatment is carried out by adding into a planetary ball mill according to a ball-material ratio (10-15) of 1, and ball milling for 1-2 h at a rotating speed of 300-600 r/min.
5. 5. The preparation method of the carbon ink according to claim 1, wherein the carbon ink comprises the following preparation raw materials, by weight, 9-15 parts of biomass carbon powder, 1-2 parts of carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl xanthan gum, 0.5-3 parts of dispersing agent, 0.1-0.5 part of coupling agent, 1-3 parts of humectant, 0.1-0.5 part of stabilizer and 0.1-3 parts of surfactant.
6. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step S2, the ball milling is performed at a rotational speed of 100r/min to 500r/min for 1h to 2h.
7. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the volume ratio of the carbon ink to the deionized water is (1-5) (10-50).
8. 8. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein in step S4, the power of the ultrasonic-assisted modification treatment is 100w to 500w, and the time is 10min to 60min.
9. 9. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the temperature of the drying treatment is 60 ℃ to 100 ℃ and the time is 1h to 4h.
10. 10. The application of the modified carbon-based photothermal conversion material is characterized in that the application is the application of the modified carbon-based photothermal conversion material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-8 in a solar energy interface evaporation system, and is suitable for the fields of sea water desalination, waste water evaporation concentration or photothermal steam power generation.

Description

Preparation method and application of modified carbon-based photothermal conversion material Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of photo-thermal conversion materials, in particular to a preparation method and application of a modified carbon-based photo-thermal conversion material. Background Fresh water is an essential material basis for human survival, but global fresh water only accounts for about 2.7% of total water resources, which are particularly scarce for human direct use. Although the total amount of fresh water resources in China is in the front of the world, the people share is only one fourth of the average world level, and the contradiction between water resource supply and demand is increasingly prominent. Meanwhile, seawater accounts for 97.3% of the total water resources of the earth, and seawater desalination becomes one of the important ways of relieving the shortage of fresh water resources. Solar energy is used as a clean, renewable and widely distributed energy source, and has great potential in the field of sea water desalination. The solar energy interface evaporation technology realizes localized absorption and conversion of solar energy by placing a photo-thermal material on a water-gas interface, thereby effectively improving the evaporation rate and becoming a research hot spot in recent years. The core of the technology is to develop a photo-thermal conversion material which is efficient, low in cost and easy to prepare. At present, photo-thermal materials are mainly classified into four categories, namely, metal nano materials, semiconductor materials, organic polymer materials and carbon-based materials. Among them, carbon-based materials are considered as one of the photothermal materials with the most promising application prospect due to the advantages of wide sources, low cost, good chemical stability, excellent light absorption performance, etc. The application of various carbon-based materials such as carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon black, biomass carbon and the like in photo-thermal evaporation has been reported, but the problems of complex preparation process, high cost, difficult mass production, limited light absorption bandwidth and the like still exist. In particular, the evaporation rate and the photo-thermal conversion efficiency of the traditional carbon black particle-based material still have a large improvement space. In the prior art, researchers have explored various carbon-based photothermal materials. For example DongdongTong, a multi-layer carbon fiber fabric structure is designed by taking carbon fiber fabrics as a photo-thermal conversion material, copper plating coating is carried out on the middle fabric, etching is carried out on the surface fabric, and other means are adopted to promote the heat transfer between layers and the heat conversion of the surface layer, so that the evaporation rate is greatly improved, the evaporation rate of seawater under the condition of solar light intensity reaches 3.39 kg/(m 2.h), li Meng, and the like, the Carbon Nano Tube (CNT), the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and the Sodium Alginate (SA) are compounded by a directional freezing method, and the CNT/PVA-SA three-dimensional aerogel photo-thermal conversion material with vertical pores of different sizes is prepared, wherein the evaporation rate can reach 2.7 kg/(m 2.h). Although the evaporation rate is high, the preparation process is complex, and the mass production is not easy. In addition, biomass carbon and nano carbon black-based photothermal materials have the problem of relatively low evaporation rate. In general, the current carbon-based photothermal conversion materials still face some challenges and limitations in terms of raw material development, preparation process, material structure and performance, etc., and it is still necessary to research and optimize the structure and performance of the carbon-based photothermal conversion materials in one embodiment to improve the solar energy absorption and conversion efficiency, and to explore more carbon materials with rich sources, and research new preparation methods and technologies in one embodiment to reduce the preparation cost and improve the preparation efficiency and quality of the carbon materials. Therefore, the development of the carbon-based photo-thermal conversion material with wide raw material sources, simple preparation process, low cost, excellent light absorption performance and high evaporation efficiency has important significance for promoting the practical application of the solar interface evaporation technology. Disclosure of Invention Based on the above, in order to solve one of the above technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method and application of a modified carbon-based photothermal conversion material, and the specific technical scheme is as follows: A method for preparing a modified carbon-based photothermal conversio