CN-122015422-A - Supercooling superfluid helium preparation device with zero liquid helium loss

CN122015422ACN 122015422 ACN122015422 ACN 122015422ACN-122015422-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a supercooling superfluid helium preparation device with zero liquid helium loss, which comprises a first Dewar, a first tank body, a second tank body, a throttle valve, a heat exchanger and a liquefier, wherein the first tank body is provided with a first vacuum and isolated chamber and a second chamber, a first Dewar outlet is communicated with the second tank body to input liquid helium into the second tank body, the liquid helium is discharged from the second tank body and then is split into the second chamber and the throttle valve, the throttle valve is arranged in the first chamber to throttle the liquid helium flowing through the first chamber into saturated superfluid helium, and a heat exchanger inlet is communicated with a throttle valve outlet to enable the liquid helium in the second chamber to exchange heat with the saturated superfluid helium flowing into the heat exchanger to form supercooling superfluid helium. The invention integrates the heat regenerator, the throttle valve and the heat exchanger in the first cavity of the first tank body, realizes continuous and stable preparation from 4.2K conventional liquid helium to 1.8K supercooled superfluid helium, has simple preparation method and low initial input cost, also realizes zero loss of liquid helium, and solves the consumption cost of liquid helium in the traditional superfluid helium preparation process.

Inventors

YIN GUOQING
DU WANRONG
WANG PEI
HU JULI
REN QICHEN
FU JIAN
DING HUAIKUANG
DU YUFEI
ZHU RUI
ZHU JIANG

Assignees

安徽万瑞冷电科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260127

Claims (10)

1. A supercooling superfluid helium preparation device with zero liquid helium loss is characterized by comprising a first Dewar, a first tank, a second tank, a throttle valve, a heat exchanger and a liquefier, wherein the first tank is provided with a first vacuum and isolated chamber and a second vacuum, the second tank is positioned in the first chamber, a first Dewar outlet is communicated with the second tank to input liquid helium into the second tank, the liquid helium is discharged from the second tank and then is split into the second chamber and the throttle valve, the throttle valve is arranged in the first chamber to throttle the liquid helium flowing through the liquid helium into saturated superfluid helium, a heat exchanger inlet is communicated with a throttle valve outlet to enable the liquid helium in the second chamber to exchange heat with the saturated superfluid helium flowing into the heat exchanger to form supercooling superfluid helium, a heat exchanger outlet is communicated with a liquefier inlet to enable low-temperature saturated helium formed after the saturated superfluid helium exchanges heat to flow into the liquefier, and the liquefier outlet is communicated with the first Dewar inlet to enable the liquid helium formed to return to the first Dewar.
2. The supercooling superfluid helium preparation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first tank body is provided with a first cylinder and a second cylinder and a third cylinder which are communicated, the inner cavity of the first tank body is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity is a part of the inner cavity of the first tank body outside the first cylinder, the second cavity is a part of the inner cavity of the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder are both made of heat conducting materials, the second cylinder is provided with an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, an interlayer area is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the first cylinder is adaptively arranged in the third cylinder, a part of the first cylinder penetrates through the third cylinder to extend into the second cylinder, the throttle valve is positioned in the inner cavity of the second cylinder outside the first cylinder, the heat exchanger is arranged in the first cylinder, and the first cylinder inlet is communicated with the first outlet of the second tank body.
3. The zero liquid helium loss supercooled superfluid helium production apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a load disposed within the first cylinder interior and immersed in the supercooled superfluid helium within the first cylinder.
4. The supercooling superfluid helium preparation apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a regenerator disposed in the first chamber, the regenerator having a heat exchange tube therein, the heat exchange tube inlet communicating with the second outlet of the second tank to allow liquid helium to flow in, the heat exchange tube outlet communicating with the throttle inlet, the regenerator inlet communicating with the heat exchange tube outlet to allow low temperature saturated helium gas formed after heat exchange to flow into the regenerator to exchange heat with liquid helium in the heat exchange tube to reduce the temperature of the liquid helium to obtain low temperature liquid helium below 4.2K.
5. The supercooled superfluid helium production apparatus with zero liquid helium loss according to claim 4, wherein the outlet of the regenerator is connected to the inlet of the liquefier, the outlet of the regenerator is connected to the inlet of the liquefier through a first pipe, a first heater and a first temperature sensor are installed on the first pipe in turn according to the direction of the air flow, the low-temperature saturated helium gas flowing into the first pipe is heated to normal-temperature helium gas by starting the first heater, and a circulation pump is also installed on the first pipe, and the circulation pump is arranged between the liquefier and the first temperature sensor to pump the normal-temperature helium gas into the liquefier.
6. The zero liquid helium loss supercooling superfluid helium production apparatus of claim 4 wherein a phase separator is mounted in the second tank, the inlet of the phase separator communicating with the first dewar outlet, the outlet of the phase separator communicating with the second tank interior.
7. The supercooling superfluid helium preparation apparatus with zero liquid helium loss according to claim 6, further comprising an air bag, wherein the second tank further comprises a third outlet, the third outlet of the second tank is communicated with the air bag inlet to enable helium separated from the phase separator to flow into the air bag, the first tank outlet is communicated with the air bag inlet to enable helium in the first tank to flow into the air bag, the second tank is communicated with the air bag through a second pipe, the first tank is communicated with the air bag through a third pipe, and a second heater, a second temperature sensor and a one-way valve are sequentially arranged on the second pipe and the third pipe according to the air flow direction so as to heat low-temperature helium into normal-temperature helium.
8. The apparatus for preparing supercooled superfluid helium with zero liquid helium loss according to claim 7, wherein the third pipe is further provided with a pressure sensor, the third pipe is provided with a main pipe section, a first branch and a second branch formed by splitting, the first branch is provided with a safety valve in an adapting way, the second branch is provided with an electric valve in an adapting way, and the electric valve is opened when the pressure sensor detects that the air pressure value in the main pipe section is larger than a set value.
9. The zero liquid helium loss supercooling superfluid helium production apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a second dewar, the second dewar outlet communicating with the interlayer region inlet to feed liquid nitrogen into the interlayer region, the second dewar outlet communicating with a fourth tube, the fourth tube extending from the first tank and communicating with the outside.
10. The zero liquid helium loss supercooled superfluid helium production apparatus of claim 7, wherein the first heater, first temperature sensor, second heater and second temperature sensor are all disposed within the first tank.

Description

Supercooling superfluid helium preparation device with zero liquid helium loss Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of supercooling superfluid helium preparation, in particular to a supercooling superfluid helium preparation device with zero liquid helium loss. Background Compared with conventional liquid helium (HeI), the super-current helium (HeII) has the advantages of lower viscosity, high specific heat, high heat conduction and the like, and is widely applied to the cooling of a super-conductive magnet with high magnetic field strength and a super-conductive cavity. Typically, the operating temperature of the superconducting magnet is 4.2K, and if the operating temperature of the superconducting magnet is reduced to 1.8K, the magnetic field strength will increase by twenty to thirty percent. Supercooling superfluid helium refrigeration technology has been successfully applied to large superconducting magnet devices and projects abroad. The critical heat flux density of the supercooled superfluid helium (HeIIp) is about 2 times that of the saturated superfluid helium (HeIIs), which is 20 times that of the conventional liquid helium (HeI), and besides the strength of the magnetic field is enhanced, the stability of the magnet can be obviously improved. The use of HeIIp to cool the high field magnet and superconducting cavity is of great importance. At present, a negative pressure evacuation mode is generally adopted in China to obtain saturated super-current helium (HeIIs), an obtaining method of supercooled super-current helium (HeIIp) is still immature, a large amount of helium is directly discharged into the atmosphere in the process of preparing the saturated super-current helium by an open circulation system, so that a large amount of liquid helium is wasted, the economy is poor, the traditional open circulation system only can prepare the saturated super-current helium, and the test and operation of a modern high-performance superconducting magnet and a superconducting cavity often need 'supercooled super-current helium' with better performance, so that the super-current helium prepared by the traditional open circulation system is difficult to meet the requirements of superconducting tests. Although the "forced flow supercooling process" is currently available for preparing supercooled superfluid helium, the process is only suitable for large-scale equipment (such as large particle accelerators), and has high technical complexity and high initial investment cost. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides a supercooling superfluid helium preparation device with zero liquid helium loss. The invention provides a supercooling superfluid helium preparation device with zero liquid helium loss, which comprises a first Dewar, a first tank, a second tank, a throttle valve, a heat exchanger and a liquefier, wherein the first tank is provided with a first vacuum and isolated chamber and a second vacuum, the second tank is positioned in the first vacuum, a first Dewar outlet is communicated with the second tank so as to input liquid helium into the second tank, the liquid helium is discharged from the second tank and then is split into the second vacuum and the throttle valve, the throttle valve is arranged in the first vacuum so as to throttle the liquid helium flowing through the liquid helium into the first vacuum to form a saturated superfluid helium, a heat exchanger inlet is communicated with a throttle valve outlet so as to enable the liquid helium flowing in the second vacuum to exchange heat with the saturated superfluid helium flowing into the heat exchanger to form a supercooling superfluid helium, a heat exchanger outlet is communicated with a liquefier inlet so as to enable the low-temperature saturated helium formed after the saturated superfluid helium exchanges heat to flow into the liquefier, and the liquefier outlet is communicated with the first Dewar inlet so as to enable the liquid helium formed to return to the first liquid helium. Preferably, the first tank body is internally provided with a first cylinder which divides the inner cavity of the first tank body into a first cavity and a second cavity, and a second cylinder and a third cylinder which are communicated with the first cavity, the first cavity is a part of the inner cavity of the first tank body outside the first cylinder, the second cavity is a part of the inner cavity of the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder are both made of heat conducting materials, the second cylinder is provided with an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, an interlayer area is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the first cylinder is adaptively arranged in the third cylinder, part of the first cylinder penetrates through the third cylinder and stretches into the second cylinder, the throttle valve is positio