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CN-122015465-A - Material dryer and drying process thereof

CN122015465ACN 122015465 ACN122015465 ACN 122015465ACN-122015465-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of drying equipment, and particularly relates to a material dryer and a drying process thereof, wherein the material dryer comprises a box body, a multi-layer mesh belt machine and an air supply pipe; the box body is provided with a mesh belt chamber and an air duct chamber, the multi-layer mesh belt machine is arranged in the mesh belt chamber, the air duct chamber is divided into independent air cavities by a plurality of partition boards, each air cavity is internally provided with a hot air conveying device, a plurality of preheating air inducing devices are arranged in the air cavities, the box body is provided with a moisture removing device communicated with the air cavities, the side walls of the two sides of the mesh belt chamber are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet communicated with the air cavities, the multi-layer mesh belt machine comprises three layers of mesh belts, namely a first layer of mesh belt, a second layer of mesh belt and a third layer of mesh belt, from top to bottom, and the preheating air inducing devices are arranged between the first layer of mesh belt and the second layer of mesh belt. By arranging the preheating induced draft device with the heat recovery device, the invention can actively absorb and store heat in the wet and hot waste gas in the dehumidification stage.

Inventors

  • HE ZHIBIN
  • YANG XIA
  • WANG FENGYI
  • ZHANG SHENG

Assignees

  • 山西善耕源农业科技发展有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260320

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The material dryer is characterized by comprising a box body (1), a multi-layer mesh belt machine and an air supply pipe (3), wherein the box body (1) is provided with a mesh belt chamber (100) and an air duct chamber, the multi-layer mesh belt machine is arranged in the mesh belt chamber (100), the air duct chamber is divided into independent air cavities (101) by a plurality of partition plates (4), a hot air conveying device (5) is arranged in each air cavity (101), preheating air inducing devices (7) are arranged in the plurality of air cavities (101), a dehumidifying device (6) communicated with the air cavities (101) is arranged on the box body (1), an air inlet (102) and an air outlet (103) communicated with the air cavities (101) are respectively arranged on two side walls of the mesh belt chamber (100), the multi-layer mesh belt machine comprises three layers of mesh belts, namely a first layer mesh belt (20), a second layer of mesh belt (21) and a third layer of mesh belt (22) from top to bottom, and the preheating air inducing devices (7) are arranged between the first layer of mesh belt (20) and the second layer of mesh belt (21). The preheating induced air device (7) comprises a preheating cover (70), a heat recovery device (71) and a first induced draft fan (72), wherein a shell of the first induced draft fan (72) and the preheating cover (70) are fixedly connected with a box body (1), an air inlet (102) of the first induced draft fan (72) is communicated with an air supply pipe (3) through the preheating cover (70), an air outlet of the induced draft fan is communicated with an air cavity (101), the heat recovery device (71) is arranged in the preheating cover (70), a gap exists between the preheating cover (70) and the side wall of the air cavity (101) and forms a flow channel (104), and openings (700) and plugging mechanisms (8) are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the preheating cover (70); When the wet air is discharged, the opening (700) at the upper end and the lower end is opened through the plugging mechanism (8), the runner (104) is in a plugging state, and the wet air passes through the preheating cover (70) and is discharged through the wet discharging device (6); When the air is dried, the openings (700) at the upper end and the lower end are closed through the plugging mechanism (8), the flow channel (104) is in a communication state, heat of the external air absorbing and heat recycling device (71) is discharged through the first induced draft fan (72) after being heated, hot air is finally heated by the hot air conveying device (5) and conveyed, the hot air sequentially passes through the air inlet (102), the air outlet (103) and the flow channel (104) and then passes through the hot air conveying device (5) to form circulation, when the wind speed needs to be increased, the upper end opening (700) is opened through the plugging mechanism (8), the flow channel (104) is in a plugging state, and the hot air discharged by the air outlet (103) is accelerated through the first induced draft fan (72).
  2. 2. The material dryer according to claim 1 is characterized in that a standby heat supplementing device (9) is arranged in the rest air cavity (101), the standby heat supplementing device (9) is located between the second layer mesh belt (21) and the third layer mesh belt (22), the standby heat supplementing device (9) comprises a heat supplementing cover (90), a heat supplementing device (91) and a second induced draft fan (92), a shell of the second induced draft fan (92) and the heat supplementing cover (90) are fixedly connected with the box body (1), an air inlet (102) of the second induced draft fan (92) is communicated with the air supply pipe (3) through the heat supplementing cover (90), an air outlet of the second induced draft fan (92) is communicated with the air cavity (101), the heat supplementing device (91) is arranged in the heat supplementing cover (90), and a space exists between the heat supplementing cover (90) and the side wall of the air cavity (101). When the hot air conveying device (5) in the corresponding air cavity (101) is damaged or the temperature is insufficient during drying, the external air is heated through the heat supplementing device (91), and the heat is supplemented through the standby heat supplementing device (9) or the damaged hot air conveying device (5) is temporarily replaced.
  3. 3. A material dryer according to claim 1, wherein the heat recovery device (71) comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes filled with heat transfer oil.
  4. 4. The material dryer as set forth in claim 1, wherein the blocking device comprises an upper blocking plate (80) and a lower blocking plate (81), the upper blocking plate (80) and the lower blocking plate (81) are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the control cover in a sliding manner, the upper blocking plate (80) and the lower blocking plate (81) are respectively connected with a telescopic mechanism (82), and the movement of the upper blocking plate (80) and the lower blocking plate (81) is controlled through the telescopic mechanism (82).
  5. 5. A dryer for materials according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the upper part of the control hood is provided with an open section (83), and the first opening (700) of the upper end is provided at the open section (83).
  6. 6. The material dryer as claimed in claim 1, wherein a partition plate (15) is arranged in the middle of each layer of mesh belt, the partition plate (15) is obliquely arranged and fixedly connected with the box body (1), and a collecting and cleaning mechanism (11) is arranged at the partition plate (15) of the first layer of mesh belt (20).
  7. 7. The material dryer as set forth in claim 6, wherein the collection and cleaning mechanism (11) comprises a collection tank (110) and an exhaust pipe (111), the collection tank (110) is fixedly connected with the partition plate (15) and located at the lower part of the partition plate (15), an opening communicated with the collection tank (110) is formed in the partition plate (15), and one end of the exhaust pipe (111) is communicated with the collection tank (110).
  8. 8. A material dryer as claimed in claim 6 or 7 is characterized in that adjusting baffles (12) are arranged at the positions of air inlets (102) corresponding to the layers of mesh belts, the adjusting baffles (12) are fixedly connected through vertical plates (16), a driving mechanism (13) is fixedly connected to the box body (1), the driving mechanism (13) is connected with the uppermost adjusting baffle (12), and the air inlets (102) can be adjusted through the adjusting baffles (12) and form temporary storage grooves (14) with partition plates (15).
  9. 9. A drying process based on the material dryer according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of: S1, a dehumidifying stage, namely controlling a plugging mechanism (8) to open openings (700) at the upper end and the lower end of a preheating cover (70), enabling a runner (104) to be in a plugging state, discharging wet air through a dehumidifying device (6) after passing through the inside of the preheating cover (70), and absorbing heat of the wet air by a heat recovery device (71) in the preheating cover (70); S2, a drying stage, namely controlling a plugging mechanism (8) to close openings (700) at the upper end and the lower end of a preheating cover (70) and enable a runner (104) to be in a communication state, absorbing heat of a heat recovery device (71) to raise temperature after external air enters the preheating cover (70), sending the external air into an air cavity (101) through a first induced draft fan (72), and finally heating the external air by a hot air conveying device (5) to form hot air and conveying the hot air to a mesh belt chamber (100), wherein the hot air is dried in the mesh belt chamber (100) and then sequentially passes through an air outlet (103), the runner (104) and the hot air conveying device (5) to form circulation; and S3, in the speed increasing stage, when the wind speed needs to be increased, the plugging mechanism (8) is controlled to open an opening (700) at the upper end of the preheating cover (70), the flow channel (104) is in a plugged state, and hot air discharged from the air outlet (103) is accelerated by the first induced draft fan (72).
  10. 10. The drying process according to claim 9, further comprising a backup heat supplementing step: when the hot air conveying device (5) in the corresponding air cavity (101) is damaged or the temperature is insufficient, the standby heat supplementing device (9) is started, external air enters the heat supplementing cover (90) and is heated by the heat supplementing device (91), and then the external air is conveyed into the corresponding air cavity (101) by the second induced draft fan (92) to supplement heat or temporarily replace the damaged hot air conveying device (5).

Description

Material dryer and drying process thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of drying equipment, and particularly relates to a material dryer and a drying process thereof. Background The belt drier (also called as a mesh belt drier) is a continuous drier widely used in the fields of pharmacy, food, chemical industry and agricultural product processing, and is especially suitable for dehumidifying and drying block-shaped, sheet-shaped, strip-shaped and granular materials. The working principle is that materials are laid on a multi-layer net belt, and heat and humidity exchange is realized by penetrating the material layer through hot air. Along with the improvement of the requirements of industries on the drying quality of materials, how to ensure the uniformity of temperature and humidity in the drying process and improve the heat energy utilization efficiency becomes a key direction of equipment upgrading. In the prior art, as an internal circulation system of a belt dryer disclosed in a patent with publication number CN207379239U, an air channel with three surrounding surfaces is arranged between a box body and a mesh belt chamber, and each layer of mesh belt is guided by using an inclined baffle plate, so that the problems of weakening wind pressure and turbulence of air flow when hot air penetrates through multiple layers of mesh belts are solved. However, in this scheme, the hot air still upwards penetrates all layers after being uniformly heated from the bottom, and although the layering water conservancy diversion is carried out through the baffle, the humiture between each layer still can interact, leads to upper material (wet material) contact often to be through the lower floor preheat the higher air of back humidity, and drying driving force is not enough, appears the condition that the material is uneven in drying, the quality looks is impaired easily. In order to solve the problems of insufficient hot air circulation and energy waste, a patent with publication number CN212431658U discloses a high-efficiency energy-saving belt dryer. According to the scheme, the drying chamber is divided into the upper and lower primary drying chambers and the final drying chamber which are mutually closed, and hot air exhausted from the final drying chamber is introduced into the primary drying chamber for secondary utilization, so that the internal circulation of the hot air is realized to a certain extent. However, the structure is complex, and the secondary hot air still needs to be reheated, so that the waste heat of a large amount of high-humidity high-heat air discharged in the dehumidification stage is not effectively recovered, and the heat is directly discharged into the atmosphere, so that the energy waste is caused. Another improvement idea is seen in the patent with publication number CN118089375A, which provides a heat homogenizing device of a mesh belt dryer, by inserting multiple independent heat homogenizing plates on the bellows and setting air quantity control valves, individual adjustment of the flow rate and temperature of hot air in each layer is realized. The method improves the problems of overheating of the lower layer and underheating of the upper layer to a certain extent, but the heat generating units (hot blast stove and circulating fan) are still designed in a centralized way, hot air needs to be distributed to each layer through a longer conveying pipeline, and hidden troubles of along-path heat loss and uneven pressure exist. Meanwhile, the structure of the even hot plate determines that hot air is sprayed unidirectionally, the planning of the whole circulation path of air flow in the box body 1 is lacked, and the gradient utilization effect of heat energy is limited. In summary, the prior art has the defects that the distribution of a temperature and humidity field in the multi-layer drying equipment is difficult to accurately control, the drying effect of each layer is uneven, the wet and hot waste gas is directly discharged, a large amount of latent heat and sensible heat contained in the waste gas are not recycled, the energy consumption is high, the cleaning and maintenance of the interior of the equipment are not convenient enough, and particularly the problem of accumulation of fine materials is solved. Therefore, a novel dryer capable of realizing layered independent temperature and humidity control, effectively recovering waste heat and facilitating maintenance is needed. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a material dryer, which aims to solve the problems of high drying energy consumption, low hot air recycling efficiency and incapability of flexibly adapting to different drying stage processes due to lack of active recycling of the waste heat of dehumidification, and another object of the present invention is to provide a drying process. In order to solve the techni