CN-122015498-A - Gangue activation calcination equipment and calcination method

CN122015498ACN 122015498 ACN122015498 ACN 122015498ACN-122015498-A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of mineral calcination equipment and processes, in particular to coal gangue activation calcination equipment and a calcination method, wherein the calcination equipment comprises a hot blast stove and an activation reactor, the hot blast stove is provided with a combustion cavity, and the combustion cavity is used for generating high-temperature flue gas or introducing hot air; the activation reactor penetrates through the combustion chamber from the upper part of the hot blast furnace to the lower part of the hot blast furnace, the upper end of the activation reactor is a feeding end, the lower end of the activation reactor is a discharging end, a material chamber is formed in the activation reactor and is used for loading coal gangue, and hot air in the combustion chamber is transferred to the coal gangue in the material chamber through the side wall of the activation reactor, so that the coal gangue can be calcined in the material chamber in a low-oxygen or anaerobic mode. The calcination equipment provided by the application realizes indirect calcination by heating the side wall partition wall, and the material cavity and the combustion cavity are completely isolated to create an anaerobic or low-oxygen calcination environment. The aluminum-silicon ratio of the coal gangue calcined by the calcining method is greatly improved, the crystal form conversion effect is obvious, and the recycling of volatile components and the recycling of heat conduction spheres and the preheating of waste heat are realized.

Inventors

Ao Wenhua
GAO PEIJUN
SHEN HAO
ZHANG LINJIN

Assignees

鄂尔多斯市蒙泰铝业有限责任公司
江苏中圣园科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260414

Claims (10)

1. A gangue activated calcination apparatus, comprising: the hot blast stove is provided with a combustion cavity, and the combustion cavity is used for generating high-temperature flue gas through combustion or introducing hot air; The activation reactor penetrates through the combustion cavity from the upper part of the hot blast stove to the lower part of the hot blast stove, the upper end of the activation reactor is a feeding end, the lower end of the activation reactor is a discharging end, a material cavity is formed in the activation reactor, and the material cavity is used for loading coal gangue; And high-temperature flue gas or hot air in the combustion cavity is transmitted to the coal gangue in the material cavity through the side wall of the activation reactor, so that the coal gangue is calcined in the material cavity in a low-oxygen or anaerobic mode.
2. The gangue activated calcination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of gas-guide holes are provided on a sidewall of the activation reactor at intervals, the gas-guide holes being used for guiding volatile gas in the material chamber into the combustion chamber.
3. The gangue activation calcination apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein an air guide portion extending into the combustion chamber is formed on an outer wall of the activation reactor at the air guide hole, the air guide hole extending in a length direction of the air guide portion.
4. The gangue activated calcination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a valve is provided at a discharge end of the activation reactor, and the valve is capable of adjusting a falling speed of the gangue in the material chamber by adjusting an opening degree.
5. The coal gangue activation calcination apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, further comprising a heat conductive sphere disposed in the activation reactor after mixing with the coal gangue, the heat conductive sphere being configured to transfer heat from an inner wall surface of the activation reactor to the material cavity.
6. The gangue activation calcination apparatus of claim 5, wherein the thermally conductive spheres are made of alumina or silicon carbide material; And/or the diameter of the heat conduction sphere is 1-20 mm.
7. The coal refuse activation calcination apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a screen disposed below the discharge end of the activation reactor; And/or, further comprising a cooling belt, wherein the cooling belt is arranged below the discharging end of the activation reactor.
8. The gangue activation calcination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one end of the hot blast stove is communicated with the burner, the other end is provided with an air outlet end, and a thermocouple is arranged in the hot blast stove.
9. A gangue activated calcination method, characterized in that the gangue activated calcination apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, the calcination method comprising: adding coal gangue into a material cavity from a feeding end of an activation reactor, wherein the coal gangue in the material cavity is isolated from high-temperature flue gas or hot air in a combustion cavity of a hot blast stove, and the coal gangue is in an anaerobic or low-oxygen environment in the activation reactor; Heating the activation reactor by using hot flue gas or hot air in the combustion cavity, transferring the heat of the activation reactor into a material cavity, and gradually heating the coal gangue in the descending process of the material cavity until the coal gangue reaches a preset calcination temperature; Descending the gangue in the material cavity for preset calcination time to complete material decomposition and crystal form transformation; volatile gas generated in the gangue calcination process is led into the combustion cavity through the air guide hole to burn; And discharging the calcined coal gangue from the discharge end of the activation reactor.
10. The coal gangue activation calcination method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the preset calcination time is 1 to 40 hours; And/or the preset calcination temperature is 900-1150 ℃.

Description

Gangue activation calcination equipment and calcination method Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of mineral calcination equipment and processes, in particular to coal gangue activation calcination equipment and a calcination method. Background The gangue is general industrial solid waste generated in the coal mining and excavating processes, and a large amount of gangue is piled up to occupy land resources, and serious environmental pollution is easy to cause, so that the gangue is large-scale solid waste which needs large-scale comprehensive utilization. At present, the resource utilization of the coal gangue is concentrated in the low added value fields such as pit filling road construction, sintered brick preparation and the like, and in the aspect of high-value utilization, valuable metals such as aluminum, silicon, gallium, germanium and the like are extracted to become important development directions, and the key premise of realizing the aim is that the coal gangue is activated and calcined at high temperature, so that the aluminum silicon compound in the coal gangue is subjected to crystal form transformation, and the aluminum silicon separation efficiency is improved. The coal gangue contains volatile matters and fixed carbon, combustion heat release of the volatile matters and the fixed carbon cannot be avoided in the calcining process of the existing calcining equipment such as rotary kilns, tunnel kilns and suspension kilns, the problem that the temperature of coal gangue particles is out of control and overburning or inactivation occurs easily occurs, meanwhile, the existing equipment is difficult to realize accurate temperature control in the calcining process, the crystal form transformation of the coal gangue cannot be stably completed, and no mature equipment and process have yet met the industrialization requirement of activating and calcining the coal gangue to realize high-efficiency separation of aluminum and silicon. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a gangue activation calcination device and a calcination method, which are used for solving the problems of uncontrolled gangue calcination temperature, poor crystal form transformation effect and low device adaptability in the prior art, the device and the method for activating and calcining the coal gangue are provided, so that the anaerobic or hypoxia accurate calcination of the coal gangue is realized, the calcination temperature and time are effectively controlled, the stable transformation of the crystal form of the coal gangue is ensured, and the calcination efficiency and the energy utilization rate are improved. In one aspect, the present application provides a gangue activated calcination apparatus comprising: the hot blast stove is provided with a combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is used for generating high-temperature flue gas or introducing hot air; The activation reactor penetrates through the combustion chamber from the upper part of the air heater to the lower part of the hot blast stove, the upper end of the activation reactor is a feeding end, the lower end of the activation reactor is a discharging end, and a material chamber is formed in the activation reactor and is used for loading coal gangue; the hot air in the combustion chamber is transferred to the coal gangue in the material chamber through the side wall of the activation reactor, so that the coal gangue can be calcined in the material chamber in a low-oxygen or anaerobic mode. In one possible design, a plurality of air-guide holes are arranged on the side wall of the activation reactor at intervals, and the air-guide holes are used for guiding volatile gases in the material cavity into the combustion cavity. In one possible design, an air guide part extending into the combustion chamber is formed on the outer wall of the activation reactor at the air guide hole, and the air guide hole extends along the length direction of the air guide part. In one possible design, the discharge end of the activation reactor is provided with a valve, which can adjust the falling speed of the coal gangue in the material cavity by adjusting the opening. In one possible design, the device further comprises a heat conducting sphere, wherein the heat conducting sphere is arranged in the activation reactor after being mixed with the coal gangue, and is used for transferring heat of the inner wall surface of the activation reactor to the material cavity. In one possible design, the thermally conductive spheres are made of an alumina or silicon carbide material; And/or the diameter of the heat conduction sphere is 1-20 mm. In one possible design, the apparatus further comprises a screen disposed below the discharge end of the activation reactor; And/or, the reactor also comprises a cooling belt, wherein the cooling belt is arranged below the discharge end of the activation reactor. In one possible design, one end of the stove is