CN-122015567-A - Pulse self-ash-cleaning device and pulse self-ash-cleaning method for flue gas heat exchanger

CN122015567ACN 122015567 ACN122015567 ACN 122015567ACN-122015567-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of self-cleaning of heat exchangers, in particular to a pulse self-ash-cleaning device and a pulse self-ash-cleaning method of a flue gas heat exchanger, and discloses the pulse self-ash-cleaning device and the pulse self-ash-cleaning method of the flue gas heat exchanger, which comprise a ventilation pipeline, wherein one end of the ventilation pipeline is an air inlet end, and the other end of the ventilation pipeline is an air outlet end; A first baffle plate and a second baffle plate are vertically and fixedly arranged between the middle part of the body of the ventilating duct and the air outlet end part along the air flow direction, and heat exchangers are inserted on the two side surfaces of the ventilating duct and the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate. The invention realizes pulse adjustment by circularly adjusting the internal structure and controlling the flow speed and the flow direction of the flue gas, and carries out circulating self-ash removal on the heat exchanger, has simple and reliable structure and high ash removal efficiency, effectively avoids the problems of reduced heat exchange efficiency and high shutdown frequency caused by ash accumulation of the heat exchanger, and can be used in various flue gas systems containing shells and heat exchangers, such as coal-fired boilers of thermal power stations, incinerators of incineration plants and the like.

Inventors

TANG SONGZHEN
LI HONGBO
FENG RI
CHEN XIANGWEI
GUO MING
ZHANG FEIYANG
WANG WEI
HE ZONGYUAN
AN ZHIQIANG
CAO SHIFENG
XU CHUNSHENG

Assignees

郑州大学
河南国立百特环保科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260226

Claims (8)

1. The pulse ash self-cleaning device of the flue gas heat exchanger comprises a ventilating duct (1) and is characterized in that one end of the ventilating duct (1) is an air inlet end (101) and the other end of the ventilating duct is an air outlet end (102), a first partition plate (2) and a second partition plate (3) are vertically and fixedly arranged between the middle part in the body of the ventilating duct (1) and the air outlet end (102) along the air flow direction, the first partition plate (2) and the second partition plate (3) divide the flow field of the internal channel of the ventilating duct (1) equally, and heat exchangers (4) are inserted through the two side surfaces of the ventilating duct (1) and the first partition plate (2) and the second partition plate (3); And a diversion mechanism (5) penetrating through the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the ventilation pipeline (1) is arranged at one end part of the first partition plate (2) and the second partition plate (3) relative to the air inlet end (101).
2. The pulse ash self-cleaning device of the flue gas heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger (4) comprises a plurality of heat exchange pieces (41) and a plurality of outer pipelines (42) which are uniformly distributed, and the heat exchange pieces (41) are in a thin pipe shape and are perpendicular to two side surfaces of the ventilation pipeline (1).
3. A pulsed ash self-cleaning device for a flue gas heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein the end part of the heat exchanging member (41) is communicated with the outer pipeline (42) end to end through a fastener (6).
4. The pulse ash self-cleaning device of the flue gas heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein a port of the heat exchange piece (41) close to the air outlet end (102) is a water inlet (12), and a port of the heat exchange piece close to the air inlet end (101) is a water outlet (13).
5. The pulse ash self-cleaning device of the flue gas heat exchanger is characterized in that the channel direction of the ventilating duct (1) is a 0-degree reference direction, and the ventilating duct (1) is divided into a first flow channel (7), a second flow channel (8) and a third flow channel (9) by the first partition plate (2) and the second partition plate (3) in sequence.
6. The pulse ash self-cleaning device of the flue gas heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the flow guiding mechanism (5) comprises a first driving component (51), a second driving component (52) and a first flow guiding plate (53) and a second flow guiding plate (54) which are fixedly arranged on the upper side wall of the ventilating duct (1), the first flow guiding plate and the second flow guiding plate are rotatably arranged between the upper wall and the lower wall of the ventilating duct (1), the driving end of the first driving component (51) penetrates through the upper side wall of the ventilating duct (1) to be connected with the first flow guiding plate (53), and the driving end of the second driving component (52) penetrates through the upper side wall of the ventilating duct (1) to be connected with the second flow guiding plate (54).
7. The pulse ash self-cleaning device of the flue gas heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the air inlet end (101) and the air outlet end (102) are respectively provided with a fixing part (10), and a plurality of limiting holes (11) are formed in the fixing parts (10).
8. A pulse self-ash cleaning method of a pulse self-ash cleaning device of a flue gas heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: S1, periodically and independently adjusting different station states of a first guide plate (53) and a second guide plate (54) by arranging a first driving assembly (51) and a second driving assembly (52), so as to realize self-ash removal of circulating pulse flow, wherein the arrangement direction of the first guide plate (53) and the second guide plate (54) in a normal ventilation state is consistent with the ventilation direction of the ventilation pipeline (1), namely a 0-degree reference direction, under an initial working state; S2, based on the S1 step state, controlling a second driving assembly (52) to drive a second guide plate (54) to deflect rightwards to collide with the right side wall of the ventilation pipeline (1) in the time T1 = 1S, controlling a first driving assembly (51) to drive a first guide plate (53) to deflect rightwards to collide with the wall surface of the second guide plate (54), and realizing air inlet blocking of a second flow channel (8) and a third flow channel (9), wherein flue gas is collected into a first flow channel (7) to wash a heat exchange piece (41), and the first station state is set when only the first flow channel (7) is in a ventilation state, so that the first station state lasts T1 = 20S; S3, based on the S2 step state, controlling a first driving assembly (51) to drive a first guide plate (53) to collide with the left side wall of the ventilating duct (1) to block air inlet of the first flow channel (7) in the time T2 = 1S, keeping the state in the S2 step motionless by a second driving assembly (52) to block air inlet of the third flow channel (9), collecting flue gas into a second flow channel (8) to wash a heat exchange piece (41), and setting the second station state when only the second flow channel (8) is in a ventilating state, so that the second station state lasts for T2 = 20S; S4, based on the state of the S3 step, controlling a first driving assembly (51) to keep the state in the S3 step motionless in the time T3 = 1S, so as to realize the blocking of air inlet of a first flow channel (7), driving a second guide plate (54) to deflect leftwards and collide with the first guide plate (53) by a second driving assembly (52), realizing the blocking of air inlet of a second flow channel (8), collecting flue gas to a third flow channel (9) at the moment, flushing a heat exchange piece (41), setting the flue gas to be in a third station state when only the third flow channel (9) is in a ventilation state, enabling the third station state to last for T3 = 20S, enabling the arrangement direction of the first guide plate (53) and the second guide plate (54) to keep consistent with the ventilation direction of the ventilation channel (1), namely, a 0-degree reference direction, and enabling the flue gas heat exchanger pulse to return to an initial working state from a dust removing device in the time T4 = 1S; S5, setting a single circulation pulse period T=64s on an external controller, wherein the ventilation pulse duration of each flow channel is the same, and is T1=T2=T3=20s, and the adjustment duration T1 = t2=t3=1s when the diversion mechanism (5) drives the conversion station each time, wherein the T=t1+t2+t3+t4+t1+t2+t3, and repeating the steps to enable the smoke circulation to positively flush different parts of the heat exchange piece (41) in the first flow channel (7), the second flow channel (8) and the third flow channel (9), so that the circulation pulse ash cleaning of the heat exchanger is realized.

Description

Pulse self-ash-cleaning device and pulse self-ash-cleaning method for flue gas heat exchanger Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of self-cleaning of heat exchangers, in particular to a pulse self-ash-cleaning device and a pulse self-ash-cleaning method of a flue gas heat exchanger. Background In a flue gas treatment system of an industrial boiler, a garbage incinerator, or the like, a heat exchanger is usually provided inside a flue in order to recover heat in the flue gas. However, the flue gas contains a large amount of dust particles, and when flowing through the heat exchanger, dust is easy to deposit on the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger to form accumulated dust. The accumulated ash can cause the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger to be obviously reduced, the energy consumption is increased, and the shell can be blocked when serious, so that the normal operation of equipment is affected. At present, the ash removal modes of the commonly used heat exchanger mainly comprise mechanical vibration ash removal, sonic ash removal, pulse blowing ash removal and the like. The prior art has the following defects in the using process: when the prior art is used, the mechanical vibration ash removal device is used for knocking the heat exchanger through the vibration mechanism, accumulated ash is removed by utilizing vibration, but the mode is easy to cause mechanical damage to the heat exchanger, the ash removal is uneven, and the ash removal effect on fine dust is poor. The sonic ash removal utilizes the vibration energy of the sonic wave to remove accumulated ash, but has limited ash removal strength and poor ash removal effect on thicker accumulated ash layers. The pulse blowing ash removal realizes ash removal by blowing high-pressure gas into the flue to form pulse airflow, the mode needs to be provided with a complex high-pressure gas path system, the cost is high, and the blowing of the high-pressure gas easily causes interference to a flue gas flow field, so that the normal transportation of flue gas is influenced. Therefore, a heat exchanger ash removal technology with simple structure, low cost, good ash removal effect and sustainable cleaning is urgently needed to solve the defects existing in the existing ash removal mode. In view of the above, we propose a pulse self-ash-cleaning device and a pulse self-ash-cleaning method for a flue gas heat exchanger to solve the existing problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a pulse self-ash-cleaning device and a pulse self-ash-cleaning method for a flue gas heat exchanger, so as to solve the problems in the background technology. In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The pulse ash self-cleaning device of the flue gas heat exchanger comprises a ventilating duct, wherein one end of the ventilating duct is an air inlet end, the other end of the ventilating duct is an air outlet end, a first partition plate and a second partition plate are vertically and fixedly arranged between the middle part in a body of the ventilating duct and the air outlet end along the air flow direction, the first partition plate and the second partition plate divide an inner channel flow field of the ventilating duct into equal parts, and heat exchangers are inserted through the two side surfaces of the ventilating duct, the first partition plate and the second partition plate; And a diversion mechanism penetrating through the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the ventilating duct is arranged at one end part of the first partition plate and the second partition plate relative to the air inlet end direction. As a preferred embodiment, the heat exchanger comprises a plurality of uniformly distributed heat exchange pieces and a plurality of outer pipelines, wherein the heat exchange pieces are in a thin pipe shape and are perpendicular to two side surfaces of the ventilating pipeline. As a preferred embodiment, the ends of the heat exchange element are in end-to-end communication with the outer tube by fasteners. As a preferred embodiment, the port of the heat exchange piece close to the air outlet end is a water inlet, and the end close to the air inlet end is a water outlet. In a preferred embodiment, the channel direction of the ventilation pipeline is an ° reference direction, and the first partition plate and the second partition plate divide the ventilation pipeline into a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a third flow channel in sequence. As a preferred embodiment, the diversion mechanism comprises a first driving component, a second driving component and a first diversion plate and a second diversion plate, wherein the first driving component and the second driving component are fixedly installed on the upper side wall of the ventilating duct, the first diversion plate and the second diversion plate are rotat