CN-122015579-A - Photoelectric tracking and locking system of high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle and accurate countering method

CN122015579ACN 122015579 ACN122015579 ACN 122015579ACN-122015579-A

Abstract

The application discloses a high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric tracking locking system and a precise countering method, relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle control and photoelectric detection, and aims to solve the technical problems that the tracking stability of a high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle is poor and countering is lack of pertinence in countering the unmanned aerial vehicle in the prior art. The system comprises a hyperspectral imaging and locking module, a track prediction and off-target calculation module, a laser ranging and dynamic focusing module, a magnetic fluid reaction ammunition presetting module and a cooperative control unit.

Inventors

XU JIAN
DING XIAODONG
JIN XUHUI
ZHU HENGYI
GU ZHENGLIANG

Assignees

嘉兴杰出信息科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260330

Claims (10)

1. A high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric tracking locking system, comprising: The hyperspectral imaging and locking module comprises a short-wave infrared camera and a visible light camera and is used for acquiring a target unmanned aerial vehicle and a material type and an essential part thereof; The track prediction and miss distance calculation module is used for calculating the motion track and miss distance of the target unmanned aerial vehicle in a three-dimensional space in real time based on a Kalman filtering algorithm and a deep learning target detection network; the laser ranging and dynamic focusing module is used for adjusting the focal length of the laser transmitter in real time according to the motion track and the off-target quantity of the target unmanned aerial vehicle in the three-dimensional space, so as to ensure that the laser spot is always locked at the important part of the target; The magnetic fluid reactive ammunition presetting module comprises an electromagnetic acceleration cabin and a plurality of miniature pellets filled with conductive and magnetic powder, wherein the electromagnetic acceleration cabin dynamically adjusts the powder loading quantity of the pellets according to a target classification result; And the cooperative control unit is respectively connected with the modules and is used for receiving the data of the track prediction module, calculating a minimum magnetic powder interference threshold value according to the type of the target material and the motion parameters when the target is judged to enter the reaction process, triggering the magnetic fluid reaction ammunition preset module based on the threshold value, adjusting the filling amount and then transmitting.
2. The high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric tracking and locking system of claim 1, wherein the hyperspectral imaging and locking module further comprises: and the characteristic wave band selection unit is used for selecting a corresponding identification wave band according to the spectral reflection characteristics corresponding to the material type of the target unmanned aerial vehicle so as to distinguish the target material.
3. The high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric tracking lock system of claim 1, wherein the magnetic fluid countering ammunition preset module further comprises: And the powder filling quantity dynamic adjusting mechanism is used for controlling the electromagnetic acceleration cabin to inject a preset quantity of conductive and magnetic powder into the projectile according to the minimum magnetic powder interference threshold value calculated by the cooperative control unit.
4. The high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric tracking lock system of claim 1, wherein the trajectory prediction and off-target calculation module further comprises: And the interactive multi-model filter is used for switching different motion models when the target unmanned aerial vehicle performs high maneuver avoidance so as to improve the prediction precision.
5. A method for precisely countering a high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle based on the system of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: identifying data and motion parameters of the target unmanned aerial vehicle, and locking the key parts of the target unmanned aerial vehicle, wherein the data comprise material data, volume data, motor power, rotating speed and protection level; Calculating a speed vector of the target unmanned aerial vehicle according to the motion parameters of the target unmanned aerial vehicle, and calculating a minimum magnetic powder interference threshold value required by disabling a motor of the target unmanned aerial vehicle based on data of the target unmanned aerial vehicle; According to the minimum magnetic powder interference threshold, the loading amount of conductive powder in the pellets is adjusted, the pellets are accelerated to a preset track which meets the target unmanned aerial vehicle in an electromagnetic acceleration mode, so that the pellets are disintegrated after reaching a preset interception point, conductive and magnetic conductive powder is released, and the powder is forcedly sucked into a motor gap by using a downward washing air flow generated by a rotor of the target unmanned aerial vehicle; and acquiring real-time motion parameters of the target unmanned aerial vehicle to judge whether the target unmanned aerial vehicle is out of control, and if the target unmanned aerial vehicle is not out of control, carrying out countering calculation on the target unmanned aerial vehicle again based on the real-time motion parameters and executing the countering calculation.
6. The high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle precision countering method of claim 5, wherein the minimum magnetic particle interference threshold is obtained based on the steps of: and establishing a corresponding relation model of the magnetic powder suction quantity and the motor failure probability according to the motor power, the rotating speed and the protection grade of the target unmanned aerial vehicle, and selecting the minimum magnetic powder consumption which enables the motor failure probability to reach more than 95% as a threshold value.
7. The method for precisely countering the high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the loading amount of the conductive powder in the pellets is obtained by adjusting the acceleration voltage of the electromagnetic acceleration cabin according to the target movement speed, so that the relative speed of the pellets when meeting the target at a predetermined interception point is within a preset range.
8. The method for precisely countering the high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the projectile disintegration is controlled by a delay fuze or a laser proximity fuze, the delay time of the fuze is dynamically adjusted according to the motion parameters of the target unmanned aerial vehicle, and the motion parameters of the target unmanned aerial vehicle comprise a target release amount and a relative speed.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the critical location is a junction between the motor and the battery compartment, and the location exhibits specific thermal radiation characteristics and structural characteristics in the hyperspectral image.
10. The method for precisely countering the high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the step of obtaining the real-time motion parameters of the target unmanned aerial vehicle is to monitor the change of the flying attitude, the height falling rate or the infrared characteristic of the target unmanned aerial vehicle through a hyperspectral imaging module and judge whether the target unmanned aerial vehicle loses power or is out of control.

Description

Photoelectric tracking and locking system of high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle and accurate countering method Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle control and photoelectric detection, in particular to a high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric tracking and locking system and a precise countering method. Background With the rapid popularity of unmanned aerial vehicle technology, security threats to critical areas such as airports, military facilities, large public places of activity, etc. are increasingly aggravated by unauthorized unmanned aerial vehicle activities. History records show that unmanned aerial vehicle malicious events for important infrastructures in recent years have an increasing trend, and cause significant pressure on civil and military safety environments. The existing anti-unmanned aerial vehicle system mainly comprises two parts of detection and countering, wherein detection links cover technical means such as radar scanning, radio spectrum monitoring, photoelectric imaging recognition and acoustic wave positioning, but the single detection mode has common inherent defects that the radar system is easy to be interfered by ground clutter to cause low-altitude target missed detection, the radio spectrum detection cannot recognize autonomous aircrafts which are not in communication control, the photoelectric detection is not stable enough due to weather conditions and illumination changes, and the acoustic wave monitoring is difficult to cover a wide area range due to limited propagation distance. In the countering link, the main stream scheme comprises full-band electromagnetic interference, navigation signal spoofing, physical net capturing device, kinetic energy impact interception and the like. However, in the face of a high-speed maneuvering small unmanned aerial vehicle with the speed exceeding fifteen meters per second, the traditional photoelectric tracking system has the serious defects that the image acquisition and processing flow has obvious delay, so that the target locking response is lagged, the mechanical tripod head structure is limited by physical inertia, the high maneuvering locus change of the target cannot be matched in time, the off-target phenomenon is frequently generated in the tracking process, and meanwhile, the system lacks the accurate identification capability on the material characteristics and the key structure of the target, so that the countering decision basis is insufficient. In the aspect of countermeasures, although the electromagnetic interference technology can block a communication link, peripheral electronic equipment is influenced indiscriminately and electromagnetic pollution is generated, the countermeasures are ineffective for an autonomous navigation unmanned aerial vehicle of a preset route, the net capturing technology is limited by factors such as wind speed, target size and the like, the actual interception success rate is extremely low, the countermeasures are difficult to implement stably especially under complex meteorological conditions, the kinetic energy interception system relies on a special interception unmanned aerial vehicle to implement physical collision, the cost is high, and the response speed cannot meet the real-time response requirement of multi-target cluster attack. The above drawbacks make it difficult to achieve closed loop operation from targeting to accurate countering, especially in high speed scenarios where tracking stability is poor, the countering process lacks pertinence and secondary hazards are easily induced. Disclosure of Invention The application mainly aims to provide a photoelectric tracking and locking system and a precise countering method for a high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle, and aims to solve the technical problems that the tracking stability of the high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle is poor and countering is lack of pertinence in countering the unmanned aerial vehicle in the prior art. In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the application is as follows: in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric tracking and locking system, including: The hyperspectral imaging and locking module comprises a short-wave infrared camera and a visible light camera and is used for acquiring a target unmanned aerial vehicle and a material type and an essential part thereof; The track prediction and miss distance calculation module is used for calculating the motion track and miss distance of the target unmanned aerial vehicle in a three-dimensional space in real time based on a Kalman filtering algorithm and a deep learning target detection network; the laser ranging and dynamic focusing module is used for adjusting the focal length of the laser transmitter in real time according to the motion track and the off-target quantity of