CN-122015598-A - Arrangement method of deep hole step pre-splitting blastholes

CN122015598ACN 122015598 ACN122015598 ACN 122015598ACN-122015598-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep hole step pre-splitting blasting hole arrangement method which comprises the steps of obtaining the current pre-splitting blasting step height, drilling hole diameter, explosive density, drilling angle, loosening blasting unit consumption and pre-splitting holes, buffer holes and main blasting hole super-drilling depth, calculating to obtain the hole lengths of the pre-splitting holes and the main blasting holes, single hole loading capacity, hole spacing, packing length and row spacing of the main blasting holes according to the parameters, determining the row spacing between the buffer holes and the pre-splitting holes and between the buffer holes and the main blasting holes according to the row spacing of the main blasting holes, calculating to obtain the hole lengths, the hole spacing, the single hole loading capacity and the packing length of the buffer holes according to the parameters obtained in the first step and the single hole loading capacity of the main blasting holes, determining a reserved platform range, sequentially arranging the pre-splitting holes, the buffer holes and the main blasting holes on the reserved platform according to the parameters, and carrying out mathematical association on the blasting parameters of the pre-splitting holes, the main blasting holes and the buffer holes, reducing design threshold, enabling the design process to be more standard and simpler and more rapid through computer software.

Inventors

DONG JIAZHEN
SUN ZEXU
ZHANG MING
ZHANG SANYUAN
WANG JUNLI
ZHU MOLIN
FU YOU
GUO BOWEN
ZHENG JUNFENG
LIANG LONGLONG

Assignees

铜川市华泰爆破工程有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260107

Claims (10)

1. The arrangement method of the deep hole step pre-splitting blast hole is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, acquiring the current pre-splitting blasting step height, drilling hole diameter, explosive density, drilling angle, loosening blasting unit consumption and the super-drilling depth of a pre-splitting hole, a buffer hole and a main blasting hole; S2, calculating to obtain blasting arrangement parameters of the pre-split hole and blasting arrangement parameters of the main explosion hole according to the height of the current pre-split blasting step, the drilling hole diameter, the explosive density, the drilling angle, the loose blasting unit consumption, the pre-split hole and the super drilling depth of the main explosion hole, wherein the blasting arrangement parameters of the pre-split hole comprise hole length, single hole loading, hole distance and filling length; S3, determining the row distance between the buffer hole and the pre-splitting hole according to the row distance of the main explosion hole; S4, calculating blasting arrangement parameters of the buffer hole according to the height of the current pre-splitting blasting step, the drilling angle, the loose blasting unit consumption, the super drilling depth of the buffer hole and the single hole loading capacity of the main blasting hole, wherein the blasting arrangement parameters of the buffer hole comprise hole length, hole distance, single hole loading capacity and filling length; S5, determining a range of a reserved platform for pre-splitting blasting according to the number of rows of main blastholes, sequentially arranging the pre-splitting holes, the buffer holes and the main blastholes on the reserved platform according to blasting arrangement parameters of the pre-splitting holes, the main blastholes and the buffer holes, and arranging the pre-splitting holes along a final slope eyebrow line.
2. The deep hole step pre-splitting blast hole arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein the determining method of the blast arrangement parameters of the pre-splitting holes in S2 comprises: Calculating to obtain the hole length of the pre-splitting hole according to the height of the current pre-splitting blasting step, the drilling angle and the over-drilling depth of the pre-splitting hole; Determining a charge uncoupling coefficient of the pre-split hole, and calculating to obtain a linear charge density of the pre-split hole according to the charge uncoupling coefficient of the pre-split hole, the drilling aperture and the explosive density; Calculating according to the linear charge density and the hole length of the pre-cracking hole to obtain the single-hole charge quantity of the pre-cracking hole; Determining a blast hole density coefficient and presplitting blasting unit consumption of the presplitting holes, and calculating to obtain presplitting hole pitch based on the blast hole density coefficient and presplitting blasting unit consumption according to the single hole loading amount/linear loading density of the presplitting holes; And calculating the filling length of the pre-cracking hole according to the hole distance of the pre-cracking hole.
3. The deep hole step pre-splitting blast hole arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the blast arrangement parameters of the main blast hole in S2 comprises: Calculating to obtain the hole length of the main explosion hole according to the height of the current pre-cracking explosion step, the drilling angle and the over-drilling depth of the main explosion hole; Determining the linear meter loading capacity, the blast hole density coefficient, the interval length and the packing coefficient of the main blasting holes when the main blasting holes are charged at intervals, and calculating to obtain the row distance of the main blasting holes according to the hole length, the linear meter loading capacity, the blast hole density coefficient, the interval length and the packing coefficient of the main blasting holes when the main blasting holes are charged at intervals, the height of the current pre-splitting blasting step, the drilling angle and the loose blasting unit consumption; Calculating to obtain the hole distance of the main blasthole according to the main blasthole density coefficient and the row distance of the main blasthole; determining the filling length of the main explosion hole according to the row distance, the drilling angle and the filling coefficient of the main explosion hole; and determining the linear meter loading capacity of the main explosion hole according to the bore diameter and the explosive density, and determining the single-hole loading capacity of the main explosion hole according to the linear meter loading capacity, the filling length, the hole length and the interval length during interval loading of the main explosion hole.
4. The arrangement method of deep hole step pre-splitting blastholes according to claim 3, wherein the row distance of the main blastholes is calculated according to the formula: In the formula, The row distance of the main explosion holes; the hole length of the main explosion hole; spaced charge for main blasthole interval length at time; Taking 1.1-1.6 as a blast hole density coefficient of a main blast hole, wherein H is the height of the current pre-splitting blasting step; The unit consumption is for loosening blasting; The linear meter charge quantity of the main explosion hole; and taking 0.7-1 as a drilling angle and K as a stuffing coefficient.
5. The method for arranging deep hole step pre-splitting blastholes according to claim 4, wherein a calculation formula of a hole pitch of the main blastholes is as follows: In the formula, Is the hole distance of the main explosion hole.
6. The method for arranging deep hole step pre-splitting blastholes according to claim 3, wherein the main blastholes comprise a first main blasthole and a second main blasthole, the first main blasthole is positioned above a lower slope horse road and is not subjected to over-drilling treatment, and the second main blasthole is positioned outside the lower slope horse road and is subjected to over-drilling treatment.
7. The deep hole step pre-splitting blast hole arrangement method according to claim 6, wherein the method for determining the blasting parameters of the buffer hole in S4 comprises: s41, calculating the hole length and the single-hole loading capacity of the buffer hole according to the current pre-splitting blasting step height, the drilling angle, the super-drilling depth of the buffer hole and the single-hole loading capacity of the main blasting hole; S42, determining the blasting unit consumption of the buffer hole according to the loosening blasting unit consumption, and calculating the hole distance of the buffer hole according to the single hole loading amount of the buffer hole, the row distance between the buffer hole and the pre-splitting hole, the row distance between the buffer hole and the main blasting hole, the blasting unit consumption of the buffer hole and the current pre-splitting blasting step height; and S43, calculating the filling length of the buffer hole according to the pitch of the buffer hole.
8. The method for arranging deep hole step pre-splitting blastholes according to claim 7, wherein in S42, a calculation formula of a hole pitch of the buffer hole is: In the formula, Pitch of the buffer holes; The single-hole explosive loading quantity of the buffer hole is H, which is the height of the current presplitting blasting step; Is the row spacing between the buffer hole and the pre-splitting hole; is the row distance between the buffer hole and the main explosion hole, and The said Is the row spacing of the first main explosion hole.
9. The method for arranging deep hole step pre-splitting blast holes according to claim 8, wherein the calculation formula of the filling length of the buffer holes is: Wherein, the said Is the stuffing length of the buffer holes.
10. The method for arranging deep hole step pre-splitting blastholes according to claim 6, wherein in S5, a calculation formula of a width of a reserved platform of the pre-splitting blasting is: Wherein B is the width of the reserved platform, n is the number of rows of the first main explosion holes, and y is the number of rows of the second main explosion holes; The row distance of the first main explosion hole; the row distance of the second main explosion hole; When the blasting process adopts one blasting, the hole distribution limit of the pre-cracking holes is In the formula, To be the hole distribution limit of the pre-splitting holes, A hole limit is arranged for the main explosion hole; when the blasting process adopts the fractional blasting, the hole distribution limit of the pre-splitting holes in the first blasting is as follows In the formula, To be the hole distribution limit of the pre-splitting holes, A hole limit is arranged for the main explosion hole; Is the hole distance of the first main explosion hole.

Description

Arrangement method of deep hole step pre-splitting blastholes Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, in particular to a method for arranging deep hole step pre-splitting blastholes. Background The pre-splitting blasting refers to that when stone excavation is carried out, a penetrating crack with a certain width is firstly blasted along a designed contour line before the main blasting area blasting. The vibration wave of the excavation blasting is buffered and reflected, the damage influence of the vibration wave on the reserved rock mass is controlled, the excavation profile is smoother, and the effect is directly related to the integrity of the reserved rock mass and the flatness of the excavation surface. At present, the descriptions of the prior teaching materials and the professional books on the pre-splitting blasting are carelessly and clearly clear, and only qualitative analysis is performed, but not quantitative description is performed. For example, in the description of the related parameter relationship between the pre-cracking hole and the main explosion hole, a certain distance is required between the pre-cracking hole and the main explosion hole, the distance is related to the charging diameter of the main explosion hole and the single-section maximum detonation explosive amount and can be selected according to related experience values, the hole distribution limit of the pre-cracking hole is 5-10 m beyond the hole distribution limit of the main explosion hole during pre-cracking explosion, and 1-2 rows of buffer holes are arranged between the pre-cracking hole and the main explosion hole. The buffer hole spacing is 1/2-2/3 of the normal main explosion hole, the buffer hole and pre-crack hole row spacing is 1.5-2.5 m, the buffer hole and main explosion hole row spacing is 1/2-2/3 of the normal main explosion hole, the buffer hole loading amount is 35% -40% of the normal main explosion hole, the middle section interval loading is generally adopted, and (4) when the pre-crack explosion and the main explosion are initiated at the same time, the pre-crack explosion blast hole should be initiated before the main explosion, and the advance time is not less than 75ms. In actual operation, a technician with a certain experience is required to perform depth analysis to obtain a relatively proper value, so that the threshold of blasting design is increased to a certain extent. In addition, in the prior art, the calculation method of the pre-splitting blasting parameters (mainly, the linear charge density and the hole pitch) is mainly divided into two types of theoretical formulas and empirical formulas. The theoretical formula of the general linear charge density is In the followingFor the compressive strength of the rock, Q is the explosive heat of detonation, and it is pointed out in literature that when the linear charge density is calculated using the above formula, the pre-split hole pitch a can be calculated using the relevant theoretical formula,In the followingThe pitch of the presplitting holes is D is the diameter of the presplitting holes,Is the compressive strength of the rock, and is the compressive strength of the rock,For rock compressive strength, μ is the poisson's ratio of the rock, and the presplitting hole pitch in this formula is proportional to the borehole diameter. The linear charge density described by the two above is related to the lack of intermediate amounts of pitch. When the rock and the explosive are determined, q Wire (C) is a fixed value, a is proportional to D, namely the linear density is unchanged, the larger the aperture is, the larger the pitch is, and the calculation result is opposite to the actual engineering, namely the two formulas are only applicable to a specific pitch in practice, and are not general formulas. Whereas the empirical formula of the general linear charge density isWherein K, alpha, beta and gamma are all coefficients. The values of the coefficients of the Yangtze river academy of sciences are as follows: The Ge Zhou dam engineering bureau takes the following values: The coefficient values of the Wuhan water conservancy electric power college are as follows: The values of the coefficients K, alpha, beta and gamma are different from each other according to different research institutions, namely the values are not definitely and regularly suitable for corresponding projects, and the general hole pitch calculation empirical formula is described as a= (7-12) D in literature, and is also described as a= (8-12) D in literature, but the application range of the formula is generally projects with high requirements on pre-splitting blasting, permanent slopes of strip mines and the like are too small, the formula has no direct relation with the linear charge density, the linear charge density is selected according to experience, and the practical engineering guidance significance is not great. Disclosu