CN-122015782-A - In-situ low-disturbance hydrologic measurement device

CN122015782ACN 122015782 ACN122015782 ACN 122015782ACN-122015782-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an in-situ low-disturbance hydrologic measurement device, and belongs to the technical field of hydrologic tests. The device comprises a low-disturbance measuring body, a tail wing system, a still water chamber and a measuring control system. The head of the measuring body is of a streamline structure so as to greatly reduce flow field disturbance. The cross tail wing system provides hydrodynamic damping, effectively inhibits pitching, rolling and yawing movements of the device under water, and ensures stable measurement posture. The static water chamber is communicated with the outside through a plurality of water permeable channels. During measurement, the water density is inverted by controlling the on-off of the valve and utilizing the measured value change of the pressure sensor in the static water chamber so as to calculate the sand content, and meanwhile, the flow velocity is calculated by combining the total pressure and the static pressure difference of the water flow sensed by the measuring device body and the real-time density. The invention can realize synchronous, in-situ and high-frequency online measurement of the flow velocity and the sand content of the same microscopic water body unit, and has the advantages of high precision, good stability and strong environmental adaptability.

Inventors

SU NAN
CHENG JIAYUAN
PENG RUPING
SHI LINXI
Zhou Ruide
ZHENG HONG
ZHOU KUN
JIANG DONGJIN
DENG CHAO
ZHANG YA
WANG HANYI
WAN HAO
JIANG SHUNLI
JIANG NAN
ZHAO YUE

Assignees

水利部水文仪器及岩土工程仪器质量监督检验测试中心
江苏南水水务科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260305

Claims (10)

1. The in-situ low-disturbance-degree hydrological measuring device is characterized by comprising a low-disturbance-degree measuring body (1), a tail wing system (2), a still water chamber (3) and a measuring control system (4); The front part of the low-disturbance degree measuring body (1) is of a streamline structure with continuous curvature; The tail wing system (2) is fixedly arranged at the rear part of the low-disturbance-degree measuring body (1); the static water chamber (3) is arranged in the internal cavity of the low-disturbance-degree measuring body (1), the static water chamber (3) is communicated with the outer surface of the low-disturbance-degree measuring body (1) through a plurality of water permeable channels (5), The measuring control system (4) comprises a controller (41), a control valve (42) arranged on the water permeable channel (5), a pressure sensor (43) and a pressure sensor (44) arranged in the still water chamber (3), wherein the control valve (42) is used for controlling the water permeable channel (5) to be opened and closed, the pressure sensor (43) is used for measuring the pressure in the still water chamber (3), the pressure sensor (44) is used for measuring the water flow pressure, and the controller (41) is respectively connected with the control valve (42), the pressure sensor (43) and the pressure sensor (44) through signals and can control the opening and closing of the control valve (42) to receive the pressure and pressure signals transmitted by the storage pressure sensor (43) and the pressure sensor (44).
2. The in-situ low-disturbance-degree hydrological measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the tail system (2) is a cross tail consisting of a horizontal tail (21) and a vertical tail (22), and the horizontal tail (21) and the vertical tail (22) are fixedly arranged at the rear part of the low-disturbance-degree measuring body (1).
3. An in-situ low-profile hydrographic surveying device according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal tail (21) has a development greater than its chord length for inhibiting pitch and roll movements of the surveying device and the vertical tail (22) has a height greater than its width for resisting lateral impacts of water currents and preventing yaw of the surveying device.
4. The in-situ low-disturbance-degree hydrological measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the water permeable channels (5) is three, namely a front water permeable channel (51), an upper water permeable channel (52) and a lower water permeable channel (53), two ends of the front water permeable channel (51) are respectively communicated with the front end of the static water chamber (3) and the front end of the low-disturbance-degree measuring body (1), the upper water permeable channel (52) is respectively communicated with the upper end of the static water chamber (3) and the upper end of the low-disturbance-degree measuring body (1), the lower water permeable channel (53) is respectively communicated with the lower end of the static water chamber (3) and the lower end of the low-disturbance-degree measuring body (1), and correspondingly, the front water permeable channel (51) is provided with a first valve (42 a), the upper water permeable channel (52) is provided with a second valve (42 b), and the lower water permeable channel (53) is provided with a third valve (42 c).
5. An in situ low-disturbance-degree hydrological measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure sensor (44) comprises a first pressure sensor (44 a) and a second pressure sensor (44 b), the first pressure sensor (44 a) being arranged to measure the water flow pressure and the second pressure sensor (44 b) being arranged to measure the water hydrostatic pressure.
6. The in-situ low-disturbance-degree hydrological measurement device according to claim 4, wherein the rear end of the still water chamber (3) is communicated with an evacuation channel (6), the evacuation channel (6) is opened at the rear part of the low-disturbance-degree measuring body (1), a fourth valve (42 d) is installed on the evacuation channel (6), the fourth valve (42 d) is connected with a controller (41), and the controller (41) can control the fourth valve (42 d) to be opened and closed.
7. The in-situ low-profile hydrographic measurement device of claim 6, wherein the first valve (42 a), the second valve (42 b), the third valve (42 c) and the fourth valve (42 d) are solenoid valves.
8. An in situ low-profile hydrographic measurement device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the measurement control system (4) further comprises a battery (45), the battery (45) being connected to and powering each valve and controller (41), respectively.
9. The in-situ low-interference hydrological measurement device according to claim 8, wherein the controller (41) is connected with a wireless signal transceiver, and the controller (41) transmits or receives signals to the outside through the wireless signal transceiver.
10. The in-situ low-disturbance-degree hydrological measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the low-disturbance-degree measuring body (1) is made of corrosion-resistant metal materials or engineering plastics, and the outer surface of the low-disturbance-degree measuring body is provided with a smooth waterproof coating.

Description

In-situ low-disturbance hydrologic measurement device Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of hydrologic measurement, in particular to an in-situ low-disturbance hydrologic measurement device. Background The hydrologic test is the basic work of water resource management, hydraulic engineering construction, flood and drought disaster prediction and water science research. The flow velocity and the sand content of the water body are two most core hydrologic factors, and accurate acquisition of data of the water body has important significance for researching the evolution of a river bed, evaluating reservoir sedimentation, simulating pollutant diffusion and the like. At present, the flow velocity and the sand content of an underwater fixed point are measured by adopting a discrete sensor combination mode. The flow rate measurement is based on acoustic Doppler principle (such as ADCP and ADV) or mechanical rotor principle (such as propeller type flow rate meter), and the sand content measurement is mainly optical turbidity method. However, these conventional solutions have several inherent drawbacks: The probe itself of the sensor can generate different degrees of interference to the flow field, and the original structure of the flow field is destroyed, so that the measurement error is introduced. For example, the presence of the support rod and sensor probe can create wake vortices and flow separation such that the measured values are not truly raw flow field values. The problem of synchronicity and point-to-point variation is that the flow sensor and the sand content sensor are usually two separate units, which even if integrated in one frame, have physical differences in the sampling volume and sampling position. The mode of 'different points and simultaneous measurement' is difficult to truly reflect the corresponding relation between the instantaneous flow rate and the sand content of the same microscopic water body unit, and uncertainty is brought to subsequent data association and analysis. The high sand-containing environment has poor adaptability, the optical sensor is easy to generate window pollution and signal saturation in the high sand-containing water body, the measurement accuracy is rapidly reduced, and the acoustic sensor is also invalid due to abnormal attenuation of the signal in the water body containing a large amount of bubbles or fine particle sediment. The reliability of the mechanical structure is that the rotor of the propeller type flow velocity meter is easy to be blocked by the winding of aquatic weeds and floaters, the maintenance cost is high, and the starting is insensitive under the low flow velocity. In addition, the existing online measuring device is easy to generate high-frequency pitching ("nodding") and yawing ("panning") oscillation in a complex flow field, particularly in turbulent flow, so that the sensor is unstable in posture, and fluctuation and unreliability of measured data are further increased. Therefore, a novel device capable of realizing low flow field disturbance, high attitude stability and synchronous in-situ measurement of flow velocity and sand content at underwater fixed points is urgently needed, so that the limitations of the prior art are overcome, and the accuracy and reliability of hydrological test data are improved. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an in-situ low-disturbance-degree hydrological measuring device so as to overcome the defects in the background technology. In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an in-situ low-disturbance-degree hydrological measuring device comprises a low-disturbance-degree measuring body, a tail wing system, a static water chamber and a measuring control system; the front part of the low-disturbance measuring body is a streamline structure with continuous curvature; The tail wing system is fixedly arranged at the rear part of the low-disturbance-degree measuring body; the static water chamber is arranged in the internal cavity of the low-disturbance-degree measuring body, the static water chamber is communicated with the outer surface of the low-disturbance-degree measuring body through a plurality of water permeable channels, The measuring control system comprises a controller, a control valve arranged on the water permeable channel, a pressure sensor and a pressure sensor arranged in the still water chamber, wherein the control valve is used for controlling the water permeable channel to be opened and closed, the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure in the still water chamber, the pressure sensor is used for measuring the water flow pressure, and the controller is respectively connected with the control valve, the pressure sensor and the pressure sensor through signals and can control the opening and closing of the control valve and receive the pressure and pressure signals transmitted by the stor