CN-122015973-A - Device and method for monitoring parameters of ice cover flowing-down water and sediment

CN122015973ACN 122015973 ACN122015973 ACN 122015973ACN-122015973-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for monitoring parameters of ice cover flowing-down water and sediment, wherein the monitoring device comprises a monitoring component penetrating into the ice cover and a driving component driving a monitoring rod to rotate, and a plurality of sensors are arranged in a monitoring cavity. The device is fixed on an ice cover layer to perform continuous monitoring, the monitored data are diversified, the data obtained through multi-point and multi-type monitoring are more comprehensive, the shaking of a monitoring rod can be reduced, the damage of a sensor is avoided, the monitoring method comprises the steps of selecting fixed-point monitoring points, selecting water inlet, center and outlet of a lake in the wild, selecting water inlet, water outlet and center of a water tank in a laboratory, determining the monitoring interval time and type in winter, arranging an in-situ monitoring platform, and collecting and processing data. The monitoring device comprises a monitoring component and a driving component which extend into the lower part of the ice cover, and a plurality of sensors are arranged in the monitoring cavity.

Inventors

LIU XIAOMIN
WANG MENGJIE
YANG YAOTIAN
WANG HAILING
LI CHAO

Assignees

内蒙古农业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260305

Claims (7)

1. Ice cover flows down water and silt parameter monitoring device, its characterized in that includes: The monitoring assembly for monitoring under the ice cover comprises a monitoring rod (9), wherein the monitoring rod (9) is arranged on two sides of a base (1) and is connected with the base (1) through a supporting arm (3), the supporting arm (3) is sleeved outside the monitoring rod (9) and is connected in a sliding manner, a drill bit (11) is arranged at the bottom of the monitoring rod (9), the monitoring rod (9) is a hollow rod, the lower part of the monitoring rod is provided with a hollow part connected with three supporting rods (25), a monitoring instrument frame (22) is inserted into the monitoring rod (9), a monitoring cavity (17) is arranged at the position of the monitoring instrument frame (22) corresponding to the hollow part of the monitoring rod (9), and the upper ends of the monitoring rod (9) and the monitoring instrument frame (22) are designed in a spliced manner; the monitoring rod (9) is inserted from the upper part to the lower part of the ice cover layer (18), and the contact part is watered for ice sealing; the upper end of the monitoring rod (9) is connected with a removable lower gland assembly; The driving assembly comprises a motor (5) and a positioning key (14) arranged on the outer surface of a monitoring rod (9), wherein the motor (5) is arranged at the upper end of the base (1) and is fixed through a fixing frame (4), a first gear (6) is connected to an output shaft (7) of the motor (5) in a key connection mode, the output shaft (7) is rotationally connected with the base (1), a second gear (8) is arranged outside the monitoring rod (9), the second gear (8) and the monitoring rod (9) are mutually limited through the positioning key (14), and the second gear (8) is meshed with the first gear (6).
2. The ice cover flowing-down and sediment parameter monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that four corners of the base (1) are provided with fixing hole sites (2), the fixing hole sites (2) are provided with fixing pins (13) which are nailed into an ice cover layer (18), and the surface of the fixing pins (13) is a rough surface.
3. The ice cover flowing-down and sediment parameter monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a supporting sheet (10) is arranged between the supporting arm (3) and the second gear (8), and the supporting sheet (10) is fixedly connected with the supporting arm (3) and is rotatably connected with the bottom of the second gear (8).
4. The ice cap downflow and silt parameter monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lower gland assembly comprises a rotating handle (12) and a lower end cover (21), the rotating handle (12) and the lower end cover (21) are rotatably connected through a bearing (15), the lower end cover (21) is inserted into a monitor rack (22), and the rotating handle (12) is positioned above the monitor rod (9) and is not in contact with the monitor rod (9) and the monitor rack (22).
5. Method for monitoring parameters of ice cover downflow and silt, implemented by means of an ice cover downflow and silt parameter monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Firstly, selecting fixed-point monitoring points, determining the shape and the form of a frozen lake to be monitored, observing and determining the shape and the form of the lake through unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography, determining the water inlet position and the water outlet position of the lake, marking the outline of the lake on a map, connecting the longest axes in multiple directions, selecting the central point of the lake through the intersection point of the axes, and then selecting the monitoring points at the water inlet position, the central point and the water outlet position of the lake; Step two, determining monitoring interval time and monitoring type, wherein the monitoring time is monitored in winter, and the monitoring parameters are water temperature, mud temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen; Step three, arranging an in-situ monitoring platform, namely firstly placing a monitoring device on an ice cover of a monitoring point to fix, and manually drilling a through hole at the monitoring point to enable a monitoring assembly to enter under the ice cover; and step four, data acquisition and processing, wherein a local data acquisition device is adopted to be connected with each sensor and store acquired data, abnormal values of the data are filtered through the local data acquisition device, the data are standardized, and then the data are transmitted to a cloud data platform for data arrangement.
6. The method for monitoring parameters of ice cover flowing down water and sediment according to claim 5, wherein the water inlet, the water outlet and the center position of the water tank are selected from the side slope water tank and the water circulation system during fixed point monitoring in a laboratory.
7. The method for monitoring parameters of ice cover flowing down water and sediment according to claim 5, wherein in the second step, a platinum resistance sensor for monitoring water temperature is selected, a thermocouple sensor for monitoring mud temperature is selected, a multi-parameter sensor for monitoring salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen is selected, the monitoring and collecting frequency of water temperature mud temperature is once every half hour, and the monitoring and collecting frequency of salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen is once every ten minutes.

Description

Device and method for monitoring parameters of ice cover flowing-down water and sediment Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring instruments, in particular to a device and a method for monitoring parameters of ice cover flowing-down water and sediment. Background In northern cold and dry areas of China, the safety condition of lake water ecology is increasingly severe under the influence of multiple factors such as extreme climate, strong human activities and the like. In the monitoring of ice cover flowing down water and sediment parameters, water temperature, mud temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen are key indexes reflecting ice water interface heat exchange, ice cover freezing and thawing process, hydrodynamic conditions and sediment movement rules, wherein the water temperature directly controls ice cover raw elimination, water viscosity and sediment starting characteristics, the mud temperature can characterize water-mud interface heat flux and bottom bed freezing and thawing and consolidation characteristics, the salinity influences water freezing point, density structure and fine particle sediment flocculation sedimentation effect, the pH value determines sediment surface electrochemical property and adsorption and desorption behaviors, the dissolved oxygen reflects water exchange strength and water environment quality under ice, and the parameters jointly provide basic data support for analysis of water flow sediment movement mechanism under ice, hydrologic process simulation and environmental effect evaluation. The existing ice monitoring instrument is greatly influenced by the ice water flow, is easy to shake and poor in stability, cannot support continuous monitoring for a long time, is insufficient in overall function and is too single in monitored data, and therefore, in order to know the ice data of the lake ecosystem in cold and arid regions in an overall way, the application provides the ice cover flowing-down water and sediment parameter monitoring device and method. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a device and a method for monitoring parameters of ice cover flowing-down water and sediment, which are used for solving the problems that an existing monitoring instrument for the starting flow rate of sediment under ice in the background technology cannot support continuous monitoring for a long time, and the monitored data are not comprehensive enough and have single functions. In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the ice cover flowing-down water and sediment parameter monitoring method, Firstly, selecting fixed-point monitoring points, determining the shape and the form of a frozen lake to be monitored, observing and determining the shape and the form of the lake through unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography, determining the water inlet position and the water outlet position of the lake, marking the outline of the lake on a map, connecting the longest axes in multiple directions, selecting the central point of the lake through the intersection point of the axes, and then selecting the monitoring points at the water inlet position, the central point and the water outlet position of the lake; Step two, determining monitoring interval time and monitoring type, wherein the monitoring time is monitored in winter, and the monitoring parameters are water temperature, mud temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen; Step three, arranging an in-situ monitoring platform, namely firstly placing a monitoring device on an ice cover of a monitoring point to fix, and manually drilling a through hole at the monitoring point to enable a monitoring assembly to enter under the ice cover; and step four, data acquisition and processing, wherein a local data acquisition device is adopted to be connected with each sensor and store acquired data, abnormal values of the data are filtered through the local data acquisition device, the data are standardized, and then the data are transmitted to a cloud data platform for data arrangement. Preferably, in the first step, the water inlet, the water outlet and the central position of the water tank are selected from the side slope water tank and the water circulation system during fixed point monitoring in a laboratory. Preferably, in the second step, a platinum resistance sensor for monitoring water temperature is selected, a thermocouple sensor for monitoring mud temperature is selected, a multi-parameter sensor for monitoring salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen is selected, the monitoring and collecting frequency of water temperature, ice temperature and mud temperature is once every half hour, and the monitoring and collecting frequency of salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen is once every ten minutes. The device for monitoring the parameters of the ice cover flowing down water and sediment is used for monitoring the parameters of the ice cover flowi