CN-122016162-A - Photo-thermal molten salt storage tank leakage detection early warning device

CN122016162ACN 122016162 ACN122016162 ACN 122016162ACN-122016162-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a photo-thermal molten salt storage tank leakage detection early warning device which comprises a multi-sensing detection unit, a data acquisition and processing unit and an intelligent analysis early warning unit which are arranged in a molten salt tank detection cavity, wherein the multi-sensing detection unit acquires a tank wall temperature field, a leakage sound wave signal and characteristic gas concentration in real time, the data acquisition and processing unit synchronously acquires and preprocesses multi-source data, the intelligent analysis early warning unit is internally provided with a leakage judgment model based on multi-source information fusion, and the intelligent analysis early warning unit outputs a graded early warning signal containing leakage probability, estimated position and severity level by carrying out intelligent analysis and cross verification on temperature abnormality, acoustic characteristics and gas change.

Inventors

HAN YONG
LI CHUNYI
LIU JIE
HAN BINGQUAN
WANG YU
ZHANG QIANGFENG
CHEN BOLIN

Assignees

河南理工大学
江苏数创智能科技发展有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260203

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a photo-thermal stores up fused salt jar leak detection early warning device which characterized in that, including: The multi-sensing detection unit is arranged in a detection cavity between the tank body of the salt melting tank and the basic heat preservation layer and is used for acquiring multi-dimensional physical and chemical parameters related to leakage in real time, wherein the multi-sensing detection unit comprises a distributed optical fiber temperature measurement network, an acoustic wave sensor array and a gas component monitoring module; the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement network comprises a plurality of high-temperature-resistant single-mode optical fibers which are laid in a preset grid-shaped path and are clung to the outer wall of the tank body, and the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement network is used for continuously monitoring the temperature field distribution of the tank wall and the tank bottom area; the sound wave sensor array comprises a plurality of high-temperature-resistant broadband sound wave sensors which are fixed on the upper surface of a tank bottom base layer in an equidistant matrix form and are used for collecting broadband sound wave signals generated when leaked molten salt impacts the base layer or a heat insulation material; the gas component monitoring module comprises a plurality of air extraction type sampling probes and a gas analyzer connected with the sampling probes, wherein the air extraction type sampling probes are arranged at the top and the bottom of the detection cavity and are used for detecting specific gas concentration generated by molten salt leakage decomposition or reaction with a heat insulation material; The data acquisition and processing unit is in communication connection with the multi-sensing detection unit and is used for synchronously receiving and preprocessing temperature, sound waves and gas concentration data; the intelligent analysis early warning unit is connected with the data acquisition and processing unit and comprises a leakage judging model, wherein the leakage judging model is used for carrying out fusion analysis on the preprocessed data, identifying leakage characteristics and outputting a grading early warning signal according to a leakage risk assessment result, and is obtained by training on the basis of normal working condition historical data and simulated leakage experimental data, and is input into a temperature abnormal gradient mode, an acoustic wave signal frequency spectrum characteristic vector and a gas concentration change rate, and output into leakage probability, estimated leakage position and leakage severity level.
2. The light and heat molten salt storage tank leakage detection early warning device according to claim 1, wherein the preset grid-shaped paths of the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement network are smaller in grid density in the central area of the tank bottom and the distance between the paths of the weld heat affected zone than in other areas of the tank wall.
3. The device for detecting and early warning leakage of a photo-thermal molten salt storage tank according to claim 1, wherein each high-temperature-resistant broadband acoustic wave sensor in the acoustic wave sensor array is provided with a waveguide rod, one end of the waveguide rod is coupled with a sensor sensing surface, and the other end of the waveguide rod extends and is fixed in a base layer of the tank bottom, so that capturing capacity of conducting acoustic waves to a structure is enhanced.
4. The photo-thermal molten salt storage tank leakage detection and early warning device according to claim 1, wherein the specific gas of the gas component monitoring module at least comprises nitrogen oxides and chlorine, and the gas analyzer adopts a tunable diode laser absorption spectrum technology.
5. The photo-thermal molten salt storage tank leakage detection early warning device according to claim 1, further comprising an environment compensation unit, wherein the environment compensation unit comprises an environment temperature and humidity sensor and a background noise sensor which are arranged in the detection chamber and are used for monitoring environment parameters in the chamber, and the data acquisition and processing unit performs compensation correction on data of the multi-sensing detection unit by using the environment parameters.
6. The photo-thermal molten salt storage tank leakage detection early warning device according to claim 1, wherein the fusion analysis executed by the intelligent analysis early warning unit adopts a D-S evidence theory algorithm, and the leakage probability is calculated by carrying out information fusion by taking a temperature anomaly gradient mode, an acoustic wave signal frequency spectrum characteristic vector and a gas concentration change rate as independent evidence sources.
7. The device for detecting and early warning the leakage of the photo-thermal molten salt storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that the grading early warning signals at least comprise three levels, wherein one level early warning is used for finding early abnormal characteristics and prompting reinforcement monitoring, the second level early warning is used for confirming that tiny leakage occurs and prompting preparation for intervention, and the third level early warning is used for prompting immediate emergency measures.
8. The device for detecting and early warning leakage of the photo-thermal molten salt storage tank is characterized by further comprising a corrosion monitoring unit, wherein the corrosion monitoring unit comprises a plurality of corrosion sensors embedded in an anti-corrosion layer on the upper surface of a tank bottom foundation layer and used for monitoring the corrosion rate of the leaked molten salt to the foundation, and signals of the corrosion sensors are input into the intelligent analysis early warning unit and used as auxiliary judgment bases of the leakage severity level.
9. The device for detecting and early warning the leakage of the photo-thermal molten salt storage tank according to claim 1, further comprising a visual interface and a communication module, wherein the visual interface is used for displaying a temperature field cloud chart, an acoustic signal spectrogram, a gas concentration trend, leakage early warning information and estimated leakage positions in real time, and the communication module is used for sending the early warning information and key data to a remote monitoring center.
10. The photo-thermal molten salt storage tank leakage detection early warning device according to claim 1, wherein the detection chamber is an annular closed cavity pre-constructed in a molten salt tank basic heat preservation layer.

Description

Photo-thermal molten salt storage tank leakage detection early warning device Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of leakage detection of molten salt storage tanks, in particular to a photo-thermal molten salt storage tank leakage detection early warning device. Background The salt melting tank is equipment of a photo-thermal power station heat storage system, at present, aiming at leakage monitoring of a large-scale salt melting tank, the industry has some technical schemes, such as embedding a small amount of point type temperature sensors in a tank body basic heat preservation layer, indirectly judging whether leakage occurs by monitoring local temperature abnormality, and also has schemes that a weighing sensor is arranged at the tank bottom, and leakage is deduced by monitoring the change of the total weight of the tank body, and the methods form the main monitoring means existing in the field. The prior art scheme relies on a single parameter (such as individual point temperature or total weight) for judgment, and is not reliable enough. The coverage range of the point type temperature sensor is limited, a tiny leakage starting point far away from the sensor can not be captured in time, and local temperature fluctuation is easily interfered by external environment or internal molten salt convection, so that false alarm or missing alarm is caused. The weighing rule is insensitive to small leakage which occurs slowly, the position information of the leakage point cannot be provided, and accurate guidance is difficult to provide for emergency maintenance. In addition, most of the existing methods are passive reaction type monitoring, and usually can only alarm after leakage has developed to a certain extent and obvious physical or temperature changes are caused, so that the early-stage leakage and weak characteristic capturing capability is lacked, the early warning timeliness is insufficient, and accidents can be enlarged. Therefore, the invention provides a photo-thermal molten salt storage tank leakage detection and early warning device aiming at the problems. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems of single monitoring means, poor reliability, incapability of positioning and early warning hysteresis in the prior art, the invention provides the photo-thermal molten salt storage tank leakage detection early warning device, which realizes early and accurate identification and positioning of molten salt tank leakage by synchronously monitoring multi-source information such as a temperature field, acoustic signals, characteristic gas concentration and the like, thereby improving the operation safety of a heat storage system. The technical scheme of the invention is that the light and heat molten salt storage tank leakage detection and early warning device comprises: The multi-sensing detection unit is arranged in a closed detection cavity between a tank body of the salt melting tank and a basic heat preservation layer and is used for acquiring multidimensional physicochemical parameters related to leakage in real time, and the unit is integrated with: The distributed optical fiber temperature measurement network comprises a plurality of single-mode optical fibers which are resistant to high temperature (preferably resistant to long-term temperature of more than 600 ℃) and are laid against the outer wall of a tank body and the tank bottom according to preset grid-shaped paths for continuously monitoring temperature field distribution, wherein the density of the grid-shaped paths is differently set according to regional risk levels, the distance between the paths in a central bearing area of the tank bottom, a heat affected area of a girth weld and a T-shaped weld is preferably 0.3-0.5 m, a high-density monitoring area is formed, and the distance between the paths in other areas of the tank wall can be 0.8-1.2 m. The acoustic wave sensor array comprises a plurality of high-temperature-resistant broadband acoustic wave sensors (the preferable working frequency range is 1kHz-100 kHz) which are arranged on the upper surface of a concrete foundation layer at the bottom of the tank in an equidistant matrix mode and are used for collecting structural sound and stress wave signals generated when leakage molten salt is impacted or permeated, each acoustic wave sensor is coupled with the foundation layer through a high-temperature-resistant alloy waveguide rod, one end of each waveguide rod is connected with a sensor sensitive element, and the other end of each waveguide rod is embedded and anchored in the foundation layer, so that the capturing capacity of weak conduction acoustic waves is enhanced and part of environmental noise is isolated. The gas component monitoring module comprises a plurality of air extraction type sampling probes arranged at the top, the middle and the bottom of the detection cavity and a gas analyzer connected with the sampling probes through samplin