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CN-122016205-A - Blade vibration test device and test method

CN122016205ACN 122016205 ACN122016205 ACN 122016205ACN-122016205-A

Abstract

The invention provides a blade vibration test device and a test method, wherein the blade vibration test device comprises a mounting seat and a test platform, wherein the mounting seat is used for mounting tenons of blades; the device comprises a mounting seat, a vibration exciter for applying vibration to the blade at the mounting seat, and a loading device for applying torque and/or tension to the blade shroud of the blade at the mounting seat. It can be seen that by applying torque or tension in the blade vibration test, the vibration test can be made to be as close to the real blade working state as possible, the obtained test data is close to the real blade vibration characteristic, the influence of blade crown pretwisting, pretensioning and the like on the vibration characteristic is effectively verified, the rationality of the blade crown design is verified, and test data support is provided for the blade optimal design.

Inventors

  • WEI LU
  • LI DI
  • YANG JINHUA
  • ZHANG JIE

Assignees

  • 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20241111

Claims (12)

  1. 1. A blade vibration testing apparatus, comprising: the mounting seat (100) is used for mounting the tenon (11) of the blade (10); a vibration exciter (200) for applying vibration to the blade (10) located at the mount (100); loading means (300) for applying a torque and/or a pulling force to a shroud (12) of a blade (10) at the mounting (100).
  2. 2. The blade vibration testing device according to claim 1, wherein the loading device (300) comprises: A frame assembly (310) comprising a mounting plate (311) disposed opposite the mounting base (100); The rotary seat assembly (320) is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate (311), the rotary seat assembly (320) comprises a torque loading head (321), and the torque loading head (321) can rotate along with the rotary seat assembly (320) so as to apply torque to the shroud (12) of the blade (10) positioned on the mounting seat (100).
  3. 3. The blade vibration test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the shroud (12) of the blade (10) is provided with a torque loading screw hole (121), The torque loading head (321) is provided with a screw rod which is connected with the torque loading screw hole (121) in a threaded mode.
  4. 4. The blade vibration test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a ratchet (322) is provided on a peripheral portion of the rotating seat assembly (320), and the mounting plate (311) is provided with a pawl assembly (312); The pawl assembly (312) engages the ratchet (322) to align the rotational direction of the rotating seat assembly (320) with the rotational direction of the torque application.
  5. 5. The blade vibration test apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the mounting plate (311) is provided with a stepped hole (3111), the stepped hole (3111) including a small-diameter hole and a large-diameter hole that are sequentially communicated in a direction away from the mounting base (100), a hole bottom of the large-diameter hole being provided with the pawl assembly (312); The rotating seat component (320) penetrates through the small-diameter hole, and the ratchet wheel (322) is lapped at the bottom of the large-diameter hole.
  6. 6. The blade vibration testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the rotating mount assembly (320) further comprises a master rotating mount (323) and a slave mount (324); The main rotating seat (323) is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate (311), the driven seat (324) is detachably arranged on the main rotating seat (323), and the torque loading head (321) is detachably arranged on the driven seat (324); the main rotating seat (323) can drive the torque loading head (321) to rotate along with the driven seat (324).
  7. 7. A blade vibration testing device according to claim 3, wherein the frame assembly (310) further comprises: -a mounting frame (313), the mounting plate (311) being slidably connected to the mounting frame (313); A tension adjustment assembly (314) respectively connecting the mounting plate (311) and the mounting frame (313); The tension adjusting assembly (314) can apply tension to the blade (10) positioned on the mounting seat (100) through the mounting plate (311) and the torque loading head (321).
  8. 8. The blade vibration test apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the tension adjusting assembly (314) includes a load cell (315), and tension adjusting units (316) provided at opposite sides of the load cell (315), The tension adjusting unit (316) on one side of the dynamometer (315) is connected with the mounting frame (313), and the tension adjusting unit (316) on the other side of the dynamometer (315) is connected with the mounting plate (311); The tension adjustment unit (316) is capable of applying tension to the blade (10) at the mount (100).
  9. 9. The blade vibration test apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the tension adjustment unit (316) includes a connection member (317), and screw adjustment members (318) provided on both sides of the connection member (317); the tension adjusting unit (316) is positioned at one side of the dynamometer (315), and is respectively connected with the mounting frame (313) and the dynamometer (315) through two spiral adjusting pieces (318); The tension adjusting unit (316) is positioned at the other side of the dynamometer (315), and is respectively connected with the mounting plate (311) and the dynamometer (315) through two spiral adjusting pieces (318); one end of the spiral adjusting piece (318) is rotationally connected with the connected object, and the other end of the spiral adjusting piece is in threaded connection with the connected object.
  10. 10. The blade vibration testing apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a base frame (400), the frame assembly (310) being mounted to the base frame (400).
  11. 11. A blade vibration testing method applied to the vibration testing apparatus of claim 8, the method comprising: preparing a blade (10), and machining a torque loading screw hole (121) on a blade shroud (12) of the blade (10); Mounting a tenon (11) of the blade (10) to the mounting base (100); Performing a torque applying process including screwing the torque loading head (321) into the torque loading screw hole (121) to apply torque to the blade (10); Performing an excitation process comprising activating the exciter (200) to apply vibrations to the blade (10).
  12. 12. The blade vibration testing method of claim 11, wherein between the torque applying process and the excitation process, the method further comprises performing a tension applying process comprising: The tension adjusting unit (316) is adjusted so that the tension adjusting assembly (314) applies tension to the blade (10) through the mounting plate (311) and the torque loading head (321).

Description

Blade vibration test device and test method Technical Field The invention relates to the field of engine testing, in particular to a blade vibration test device and a test method. Background The large duct is longer and thinner than the low-pressure turbine blade of the aeroengine, and meanwhile, the high-temperature and high-rotation-speed working environment is faced, the high-cycle fatigue problem is serious, and vibration reduction design needs to be developed. In addition to the structural design of the low pressure turbine blade itself, parameters of the tip shroud have a significant impact on the vibrational response, including twist angle, tip shroud compressive stress, contact area, and the like. Therefore, in order to obtain vibration characteristic data of the actual working state of the low-pressure turbine blade, a vibration characteristic test is generally adopted for verification, and therefore, a loading device capable of simulating the actual working state of the blade needs to be designed. However, the vibration characteristic test adopted in the related art is usually performed on a single blade in a free state, so that the influence of the pretwist of the blade shroud on the torsional rigidity cannot be simulated, the influence of centrifugal force on the vibration characteristic cannot be considered, and the actual working state of the blade cannot be simulated, so that more accurate test data including the natural frequency, the vibration mode, the damping ratio and the like cannot be obtained. Disclosure of Invention The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a blade vibration test apparatus and a test method capable of improving the accuracy of a vibration test in a simulation manner. The invention discloses a blade vibration test device which comprises a mounting seat, a vibration exciter and a loading device, wherein the mounting seat is used for mounting a tenon of a blade, the vibration exciter is used for applying vibration to the blade positioned on the mounting seat, and the loading device is used for applying torque and/or tension to a blade crown of the blade positioned on the mounting seat. Optionally, the loading device comprises a frame assembly and a rotating seat assembly, wherein the frame assembly comprises a mounting plate and a rotating seat assembly, the mounting plate is arranged opposite to the mounting seat, the rotating seat assembly is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate, the rotating seat assembly comprises a torque loading head, and the torque loading head can rotate along with the rotating seat assembly so as to apply torque to the shroud of a blade positioned on the mounting seat. Optionally, the blade crown of the blade is provided with a torque loading screw hole, and the torque loading head is provided with a screw rod which is in threaded connection with the torque loading screw hole. Optionally, a ratchet wheel is arranged on the periphery of the rotating seat assembly, a pawl assembly is arranged on the mounting plate, and the pawl assembly is meshed with the ratchet wheel so that the rotating direction of the rotating seat assembly is consistent with the rotating direction of torque application. Optionally, the mounting plate is provided with a step hole, the step hole comprises a small-diameter hole and a large-diameter hole which are sequentially communicated along the direction away from the mounting seat, the bottom of the large-diameter hole is provided with a pawl assembly, the rotating seat assembly is provided with the small-diameter hole in a penetrating way, and the ratchet wheel is lapped at the bottom of the large-diameter hole. Optionally, the rotating seat assembly further comprises a main rotating seat and a driven seat, the main rotating seat is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate, the driven seat is detachably arranged on the main rotating seat, the torque loading head is detachably arranged on the driven seat, and the main rotating seat can drive the torque loading head to rotate along with the driven seat. Optionally, the frame assembly further comprises a mounting frame, wherein the mounting plate is slidably connected with the mounting frame, the tension adjusting assembly is respectively connected with the mounting plate and the mounting frame, and the tension adjusting assembly can apply tension to the blade positioned on the mounting seat through the mounting plate and the torque loading head. Optionally, the tension adjusting assembly comprises a dynamometer and tension adjusting units arranged on two opposite sides of the dynamometer, wherein the tension adjusting units on one side of the dynamometer are connected with the mounting frame, the tension adjusting units on the other side of the dynamometer are connected with the mounting plate, and the tension adjusting units can apply tension to the blades on the mounting seat. The t