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CN-122016219-A - Impact test device and method for brake disc of high-speed train

CN122016219ACN 122016219 ACN122016219 ACN 122016219ACN-122016219-A

Abstract

The invention provides a high-speed train brake disc impact test device and a method thereof, relating to the technical field of impact test equipment, the invention comprises a base, a brake disc to be detected is placed on a placing table, the impact base falls under the action of gravity to strike the brake disc to be detected above the placing table, a base plate is arranged below the base plate, a mounting base plate is arranged at the bottom end of the base plate, the base plate is fixedly installed on the ground by means of the installation base plate, the buffer unit is arranged between the base plate and the base plate, and the impact force can be removed by means of the buffer unit when the impact seat impacts the placing table under the action of gravity.

Inventors

  • CHEN ZAN

Assignees

  • 江苏鼎泰工程材料有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260401

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The high-speed train brake disc impact test device is characterized by comprising a base (1), wherein a vertical arm (5) is arranged at the upper end of the base (1), a top frame is arranged at the upper end of the vertical arm (5), two guide rods (6) are fixedly connected between the top frame and the base (1), impact seats (9) are slidably connected to the surfaces of the guide rods (6), a placing table (7) is arranged at the upper end of the base (1) relative to the position of the impact seats (9), a brake disc to be detected is placed on the placing table (7), the impact seats (9) fall under the action of gravity to strike the brake disc to be detected above the placing table (7), a base plate (2) is arranged below the base (1), a mounting base plate (3) is arranged at the bottom end of the base plate (2), a buffer unit (4) is arranged between the base plate (1) and the base plate (2) by means of the mounting base plate (3), and when the impact seats (9) are placed on the ground by means of the impact force of the impact table (7).
  2. 2. The high-speed train brake disc impact test device according to claim 1, wherein the buffer unit (4) comprises a plurality of damping parts (42), the damping parts (42) are connected with the base (1) and the base plate (2), impact force can be reduced by means of the damping parts (42) when the base (1) is impacted by the impact seat (9), a plurality of buffer rubber balls (41) are arranged between the base (1) and the base plate (2), cavities are formed in the buffer rubber balls (41), arc-shaped seats are fixedly arranged on one sides, close to each other, of the base (1) and the base plate (2), the buffer rubber balls (41) are clamped between the two arc-shaped seats, and when the base (1) is impacted by the impact seat (9), the buffer rubber balls (41) can be extruded to deform for buffering.
  3. 3. The impact test device for the brake disc of the high-speed train according to claim 2, wherein an air cylinder (46) is arranged between the base (1) and the base plate (2), the air cylinder (46) can be extruded when the base (1) is impacted and moves downwards, the air cylinder (46) is communicated with the buffer rubber ball (41) through a conveying pipe (47), the extruded air cylinder (46) can input air into the buffer rubber ball (41) through the conveying pipe (47), and the air quantity inside the buffer rubber ball (41) is increased by conveying the air to the buffer rubber ball (41) so as to improve the deformation stress of the buffer rubber ball (41) and improve the impact strength of the buffer rubber ball (41).
  4. 4. The high-speed train brake disc impact test device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of arc-shaped elastic pieces (43) are arranged between the base (1) and the base plate (2), the arc-shaped elastic pieces (43) are overlapped together, clamping frames (44) are sleeved at positions, close to two ends, of the surfaces of the arc-shaped elastic pieces (43), the clamping frames (44) and the base (1) are fixedly installed, the arc-shaped elastic pieces (43) can be fixed below the base (1) by the aid of the clamping frames (44), clamping seats (45) are arranged at positions, close to the bottom, of the middle of the arc-shaped elastic pieces (43), the clamping seats (45) can be clamped at positions below the arc-shaped elastic pieces (43), the bottom ends of the clamping seats (45) are fixed with air cylinders (46) input arms, and the arc-shaped elastic pieces (43) deform and release pressure in the impact downward movement process of the base (1).
  5. 5. The impact test device for the brake disc of the high-speed train according to claim 1, wherein the lifting unit (8) is arranged on the surface of the vertical arm (5), the lifting unit (8) can slide and lift the impact seat (9) upwards along the guide rod (6), and the lifting unit (8) can be used for adjusting the vertical height position of the impact seat (9) on the surface of the guide rod (6).
  6. 6. The high-speed train brake disc impact test device according to claim 5, wherein the lifting unit (8) comprises an assembly groove (82) formed in the side face of any one of the vertical arms (5), two rails (81) are fixedly arranged on the surface of each vertical arm (5), a sliding seat (84) is arranged on the surface of each rail (81), a driving screw (83) is rotatably arranged in each assembly groove (82), a stepping motor (113) is arranged on the side face of each vertical arm (5), the stepping motor (113) can drive the driving screw (83) to rotate, the driving screw (83) can drive the sliding seats (84) to slide along the surfaces of the rails (81), supporting rods (85) are fixedly arranged on the side faces of the sliding seats (84), the supporting rods (85) are arranged in two, the supporting rods (85) can be supported below the impact seats (9), the driving screw (83) are driven to rotate by the stepping motor (113) to drive the sliding seats (84) to slide along the rails (81), and the supporting rods (85) can be supported upwards by the supporting rods (85).
  7. 7. The device for testing the impact of the brake disc of the high-speed train according to claim 6, wherein a locking unit (11) is arranged in the impact seat (9), the locking unit (11) can fix the impact seat (9) lifted to a specified height on the surface of the guide rod (6), and when the locking unit (11) fixes the impact seat (9) on the surface of the guide rod (6), the sliding seat (84) can be driven downwards by the driving screw rod (83) to move downwards so as to release the state that the lifting rod (85) lifts the impact seat (9).
  8. 8. The high-speed train brake disc impact test device according to claim 7, wherein the locking unit (11) comprises a square mounting hole (111) formed in the bottom of the impact seat (9), the guide rod (6) penetrates through the square mounting hole (111), a mounting disc (118) is fixedly connected to the inside of the square mounting hole (111), a plurality of diagonal bracing pieces (119) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting disc (118), the diagonal bracing pieces (119) are downwards inclined and point to the guide rod (6), a bending piece (120) which is far away from the guide rod (6) and bent is arranged at the bottom end of the diagonal bracing piece (119), a releasing unit is arranged on the surface of the guide rod (6), and can be upwards moved on the bending piece (120) by the releasing unit to enable the diagonal bracing pieces (119) not to be in contact with the guide rod (6), so that the impact block (10) is released from being locked with the guide rod (6), and the impact placing table (7) falls under the action of gravity.
  9. 9. The high-speed train brake disc impact test device according to claim 8, wherein the release unit comprises an operation groove (112), the operation groove (112) is formed at the bottom of the impact seat (9), the operation groove (112) is communicated with a mounting square hole (111), an assembly ring (114) is arranged in the operation groove (112), the assembly ring (114) and the operation groove (112) are fixed, a clamping ring (116) is rotatably arranged in the assembly ring (114), a rotating ring (115) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the clamping ring (116), the clamping ring (116) and the rotating ring (115) are clamped on the assembly ring (114), the clamping ring (116) can rotate and slide in the assembly ring (114), a boss (117) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the clamping ring (116), the boss (117) is arranged corresponding to the position of a bending piece (120), a screw barrel is assembled on the surface thread of the clamping ring (116), the screw barrel and the mounting square hole (111) are fixedly arranged in the interior, the motor (9) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the clamping ring (116) and can rotate against the rotating ring (115), the rotating ring (113) can rotate by means of the rotating ring (115), the device is characterized in that the inclined strut piece (119) is driven to bend and not contact with the guide rod (6), locking of the impact seat (9) and the guide rod (6) is relieved, an arc rubber pad (121) is installed on an output shaft of the stepping motor (113), a circumferential array of the arc rubber pad (121) is arranged on the surface of the output shaft of the stepping motor (113), one end of the arc rubber pad (121) is fixed with the output shaft of the stepping motor (113), a circular ring is installed at the other end of the arc rubber pad (121) jointly, a locking nut (122) is sleeved on the surface of the output shaft of the stepping motor (113) in a threaded manner, the circular ring can be adjusted to be close to the connecting position of the arc rubber pad (121) and the output shaft of the stepping motor (113) by using the locking nut (122), the arc rubber pad (121) is arched, and the arc rubber pad (121) is guaranteed to be contacted with the rotating ring (115) to drive the rotating ring (115) to rotate.
  10. 10. A high-speed train brake disc impact test method is characterized in that the high-speed train brake disc impact test device according to any one of claims 1-9 is adopted, and comprises the following steps: S1, fixedly mounting a brake disc to be detected on a placing table (7), selecting an impact block (10) with a corresponding specification according to impact area and impact force parameters required by a test, and assembling and fixing the impact block (10) at the bottom end of an impact seat (9) through bolts; S2, starting a stepping motor (113) on the vertical arm (5), driving a driving screw rod (83) to rotate through the stepping motor (113), driving a sliding seat (84) to slide upwards along a track (81), and enabling a lifting rod (85) on the sliding seat (84) to lift an impact seat (9) to move upwards along a guide rod (6) until the impact seat (9) reaches a preset impact height position in a test; S3, starting a locking unit (11) in the impact seat (9), enabling the inclined support sheet (119) to abut against the guide rod (6), locking and fixing the impact seat (9) at a preset height position of the guide rod (6), driving the driving screw rod (83) reversely through the stepping motor (113), driving the sliding seat (84) and the supporting rod (85) to move downwards, and releasing the supporting rod (85) from supporting the impact seat (9); S4, driving the rotating ring (115) and the clamping ring (116) to rotate through the stepping motor (113), driving the boss (117) to ascend and press the bending piece (120) to enable the inclined support piece (119) to bend and break away from contact with the guide rod (6), releasing the locking state of the impact seat (9), enabling the impact seat (9) to freely fall along the guide rod (6) under the action of gravity, driving the impact block (10) to impact a brake disc to be detected on the placing table (7), and completing an impact test; S5, transmitting impact force generated by the impact of the impact seat (9) on the brake disc to the base (1), discharging the impact force through the cooperative deformation of the damping part (42), the buffer rubber ball (41) and the arc-shaped elastic piece (43) in the downward movement process of the base (1), extruding the air cylinder (46) by the base (1), inputting air in the air cylinder (46) into the buffer rubber ball (41) through the conveying pipe (47), improving the impact strength of the buffer rubber ball (41), and finishing the buffer unloading of impact load; s6, after single impact is completed, impact damage data of the brake disc to be detected are collected, the lifting unit (8) is started again, the impact seat (9) is lifted and reset to an initial position, and the steps are repeated according to test requirements, so that a plurality of groups of impact tests are completed.

Description

Impact test device and method for brake disc of high-speed train Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of impact test equipment, in particular to a high-speed train brake disc impact test device and a method thereof. Background The high-speed train brake disc is a core safety execution component of a rail transit vehicle brake system, and in the high-speed running process of the train, the brake disc is required to bear alternating heat load caused by high-frequency braking, and also is required to cope with extreme dynamic loads such as vibration impact caused by track irregularity, clamping impact of a brake clamp, line foreign matter impact and the like, and the running safety of the train is directly determined by the shock resistance and the structural reliability of the high-speed train brake disc. Therefore, in the links of product research and development, type inspection and batch delivery detection of the brake disc, the impact strength, impact toughness and fatigue damage resistance of the brake disc are accurately tested through standardized impact tests, and the drop hammer type impact test device is core equipment for completing the tests in the current industry. The existing drop hammer type impact test device for detecting the brake disc of the high-speed train is high in mass and structural strength, impact energy required by an impact test is high, an instantaneous load peak value is extremely high, the inhibiting effect of a single buffer structure on the impact load peak value is limited, impact residual energy cannot be fully dissipated, a large amount of impact load can be directly transmitted to a test foundation, strong vibration of the laboratory foundation is caused, measuring accuracy of precision detection instruments distributed on the same field around can be interfered, and the problems that a foundation structure is cracked, a device installation foundation is loose and the like can be caused after the device is used for a long time. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a high-speed train brake disc impact test device and a high-speed train brake disc impact test method. The high-speed train brake disc impact test device comprises a base, wherein a vertical arm is arranged at the upper end of the base, a top frame is arranged at the upper end of the vertical arm, two guide rods are fixedly connected between the top frame and the base, impact seats are slidably connected to the surfaces of the two guide rods, a placing table is arranged at the upper end of the base relative to the position of the impact seats, a brake disc to be detected is placed on the placing table, the impact seats fall under the action of gravity to impact the brake disc to be detected above the placing table, a base plate is arranged below the base plate, a mounting base plate is arranged at the bottom end of the base plate, the base plate is fixedly arranged on the ground by virtue of the mounting base plate, a buffer unit is arranged between the base plate and the base plate, impact force can be removed by virtue of the buffer unit when the impact seats impact the placing table under the action of gravity, impact blocks can be assembled between the impact seats by virtue of bolts, the impact seats can drive the impact blocks to impact the brake disc to complete the impact detection, and different impact blocks can be adjusted to different impact forces. Preferably, the buffer unit comprises a plurality of damping parts, wherein the damping parts are connected with a base and a substrate, the impact force can be reduced by the damping parts when the base is impacted by an impact seat, a plurality of buffer rubber balls are arranged between the base and the substrate, a cavity is formed in the buffer rubber balls, arc-shaped seats are fixedly arranged on one sides of the base and the substrate, which are close to each other, the buffer rubber balls are clamped between the two arc-shaped seats, the buffer rubber balls can be extruded to deform for buffering when the base is impacted by the impact seat, the damping parts are damping rods, springs are optionally sleeved on the surfaces of the damping rods, and the springs are extruded when the base is impacted by the impact seat and are used for unloading the impact force. Preferably, an air cylinder is arranged between the base and the base plate, the air cylinder can be extruded when the base is impacted to move downwards, the air cylinder is communicated with the buffer rubber ball by virtue of a conveying pipe, the extruded air cylinder can input air into the buffer rubber ball by virtue of the conveying pipe, and the air quantity in the buffer rubber ball is increased by conveying the air to the buffer rubber ball so as to improve the deformation stress of the buffer rubber ball and improve the impact strength of the buffer rubber ball. Preferably, a plurality of arc shell