CN-122016225-A - Group project dynamics energy efficiency evaluation system and method based on multi-sensor fusion

CN122016225ACN 122016225 ACN122016225 ACN 122016225ACN-122016225-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a group project dynamics energy efficiency evaluation system and method based on multi-sensor fusion, and belongs to the technical field of sports aerodynamics and biomechanics. The system comprises a multi-sensor synchronous acquisition and data transmission terminal, a high-precision power metering module, a high-precision laser ranging module, a micro differential pressure wind speed sensing module and a display module. The invention realizes non-invasive and high-sampling rate data acquisition and multi-physical field synchronous measurement, builds a quantized model of 'distance-energy-saving-pneumatic environment', further builds an aerodynamic mathematical model of riding state, accurately describes the law of energy-saving effect along with the attenuation of distance, provides a solid scientific basis for formulating an optimal vehicle following strategy, and realizes global dynamic monitoring and accurate on-site guidance.

Inventors

YAN CHENXI
SONG KAI
LI GUOYONG
GAO YIFAN
HU YICHEN

Assignees

杭州市北京航空航天大学国际创新研究院(北京航空航天大学国际创新学院)

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260104

Claims (10)

1. The group project dynamics energy efficiency evaluation system based on multi-sensor fusion is characterized by comprising the following components: The multi-sensor synchronous acquisition and data transmission terminal is responsible for integrating the data acquired by all sensors to finish local storage, performing a time synchronization function on the data and transmitting the data in real time; The high-precision power metering module is used for continuously monitoring the mechanical power output by an athlete when the athlete steps on by taking a power meter as a real-time power standard input source; the high-precision laser ranging module is arranged in the front side area of a steering shaft of a vehicle, the emitting direction of the high-precision laser ranging module is horizontally forward, the high-reflectivity reflecting plate fixed under the rear seat of the front vehicle is aimed, and the linear distance between the two vehicles is calculated by measuring the laser round trip time ; The miniature differential pressure wind speed sensing module is used for measuring the flow field wind speed at the head of the athlete; And the display module supports the visualization of the data and the derivation of a data analysis report.
2. The group project dynamics energy efficiency evaluation system based on multi-sensor fusion according to claim 1 is characterized in that the multi-sensor synchronous acquisition and data transmission terminal comprises a 5G networking data synchronization system, a pedal type power meter is communicated through BLE and ANT+ communication protocols, a laser ranging module and a micro differential pressure wind speed sensing module are communicated through serial ports and I2C wired communication protocols, a terminal automatically operates customized firmware, is responsible for acquiring storage of original data of each module and marking accurate time stamps, and the finished data is transmitted to a cloud database in real time through 5G.
3. The group project dynamics energy efficiency evaluation system based on multi-sensor fusion of claim 1, wherein the high-precision power metering module adopts a commercial high-precision foot-operated power meter and wirelessly transmits power data through ANT+ or BlE protocol.
4. The group project dynamics energy efficiency evaluation system based on multi-sensor fusion as set forth in claim 1, wherein the high-precision laser ranging module adopts a laser radar ranging sensor to dynamically range the linear distance The method comprises the following steps: Wherein: The distance from the laser sensor to the front car reflector is set; the horizontal distance from the front car reflector to the vertical tangent line of the front car rear wheel is set; is the horizontal distance from the laser sensor to the vertical tangent of the front wheel of the vehicle.
5. The group project dynamics energy efficiency evaluation system based on multi-sensor fusion of claim 4, wherein the high-precision laser ranging module is required to be calibrated before use, and the precise tape measure is used for respectively recording a plurality of laser ranging values at different distances and calibrating the laser ranging module; Wherein, the To calibrate the coefficients for correcting systematic errors in the laser sensor measurements, In order to calibrate the number of times the experiment was performed, Is the first The actual distance from the laser sensor to the reflector of the front car is calibrated for the second time, Is the first The distance from the laser sensor to the reflector of the front car is calibrated for the second time, The distance from the laser sensor to the front car reflector is measured in the actual riding process.
6. The group project dynamics energy efficiency evaluation system based on multi-sensor fusion as set forth in claim 1, wherein the micro differential pressure wind speed sensing module comprises a micro differential pressure sensor and an external total pressure probe, and the differential pressure output of SDP is read by the acquisition terminal and is proportional to the local dynamic pressure for characterizing the wind speed in the wake The degree of attenuation as the spacing increases; Wherein, the In order to collect the pressure in real time, Is the air density.
7. The group project dynamics energy efficiency evaluation system based on multi-sensor fusion of claim 6, wherein the system is fixed in a windless environment, an adjustable blowing machine and a wind speed measuring instrument are used for simultaneously collecting data of a micro differential pressure wind speed sensing module, differential pressure values of different wind speeds are recorded for a plurality of times, and the micro differential pressure wind speed sensing module is calibrated according to the wind speed measuring instrument data; Wherein, the The calibration coefficients are used to correct the systematic errors of SDP1000L sensor measurements, In order to calibrate the number of times the experiment was performed, Is the first Secondary calibration experiments the SDP1000L sensor actually applied wind speed, Is the first The wind speed measured by the sensor in the secondary calibration experiment, Is the wind speed measured by the sensor during the actual riding process.
8. The group project dynamics energy efficiency evaluation method based on multi-sensor fusion is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a community project kinetic energy efficiency evaluation system employing a multisensor fusion-based system of any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of: S1, calibrating and preparing a data acquisition system, namely, before formal testing, calibrating the system of all the acquisition units; S2, the vehicle is ready for grouping with athletes, namely, assuming the number of selected athletes, wearing riding equipment in a conventional mode, and preparing racing vehicles corresponding to the number of the athletes according to standard racing configuration; The formation test is executed, wherein athletes form a column, a wind breaking hand is set to perform a high-speed riding test at a constant distance, after a system test program is started, the athletes at the rear sequentially keep a stable riding on a designated following distance, each distance combination is continuously tested to obtain steady state data of a plurality of groups, and an acquisition terminal records all sensor data in the whole process; S3, in the testing process, any one of the acquisition units automatically aligns with a time stamp, real-time power, pedaling frequency, following distance, pressure, time stamp and equipment ID of the athlete are packaged and uploaded to a cloud database by using a 5G network, and data acquisition and uploading of other acquisition units are executed according to the rule; s4, data real-time monitoring and export, namely, the mobile terminal APP clicks to acquire data, automatically acquires the data from a cloud database, checks whether key data streams of a plurality of athletes are normal in real time, and automatically displays all data in the whole riding process after clicking to finish data acquisition; After the click test is finished, automatically drawing a graph report of the following distance, the power, the following distance, the wind speed and the power in the whole test process, and supporting the acquisition data of each sensor and the analysis report to be exported in an ID classification mode.
9. The method for evaluating the dynamic energy efficiency of the community project based on the multi-sensor fusion as defined in claim 1, wherein in S1, the system calibration comprises the following steps: zeroing a power meter and calibrating torque; The laser ranging sensor performs ranging calibration and alignment adjustment to ensure that the laser radar matrix is aligned with the center of the front car reflector; and simultaneously, checking the battery capacity, the real-time communication function and the internal storage space of all the equipment.
10. The method for evaluating the aerodynamic energy efficiency of the community project based on the multi-sensor fusion according to claim 1, wherein the method for evaluating the aerodynamic energy efficiency of the community project based on the multi-sensor fusion is applied to evaluating the aerodynamic energy efficiency of the community project of the bicycle.

Description

Group project dynamics energy efficiency evaluation system and method based on multi-sensor fusion Technical Field The invention relates to a group project dynamics energy efficiency evaluation system and method based on multi-sensor fusion, and belongs to the technical field of sports aerodynamics and biomechanics. Background Team collaboration and tactical performance are key factors in high-level field bicycle contests, especially in group racing, chasing, collective projects, to determine win or lose. Among them, the wind breaking hand and the car following technology are a labor-saving core tactic for teams. When one athlete follows another athlete, his body may enter the low-speed, low-pressure wake zone created by the lead vehicle, thereby greatly reducing the air resistance he experiences. Studies have shown that under ideal conditions, a closely following athlete can save up to 30% -40% of power output. This energy saving enables the rider to save physical strength, initiate sprinting or rotation into a new wind breaker at a later stage of the race, critical to the team's overall speed and tactical flexibility. Currently, the study of aerodynamic energy efficiency of riding by group cyclists mainly relies on three methods, the first is wind tunnel test, by fixing the cyclists and the sportsmen and applying wind speed, using a load cell to directly measure resistance. For example, the invention discloses a wind tunnel test method and a wind tunnel test device for measuring the motion resistance coefficient of a bicycle, which are named as CN115585981A, and the technical scheme is that the wind tunnel test device is assembled, the morphological parameters of a sportsman are measured, the windward area is calculated, the windward resistance of the bicycle and the sportsman in the wind tunnel is measured, the incoming wind speed is measured, and further the resistance coefficient of the sportsman and the bicycle in the riding process is calculated, the wind tunnel test device comprises an anemometer, a bracket and a measuring component, the bicycle frame is arranged on the bracket above a bottom plate, the bottom plate is used for simulating the riding state of the bicycle bend by adjusting the inclination angle of the bottom plate through a turnover component, and the bottom plate is provided with a force measuring component. The measuring assembly is used for measuring morphological parameters of the athlete, the damping rotary drum at the rear part of the bracket is used for applying resistance to the rear wheel of the bicycle, and the force measuring assembly is used for detecting the resistance of the athlete and the bicycle. The invention can accurately calculate the resistance coefficient of the athlete in the real riding state, and is more significant for measuring the resistance of the rigid human body model. This approach is highly accurate, but extremely costly, and does not mimic the true dynamic riding state and tactical coordination. The second is Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation, which simulates the mechanical changes in the flow field by building a three-dimensional digital model of the athlete and the bicycle. Although the flexibility is high, the actual riding experiment collection is not needed, but the accuracy is highly dependent on the fineness of the model and the setting of boundary conditions, the calculation resource consumption is high, and the method is difficult to be rapidly used for monitoring and guiding the riding technology in daily training. Thirdly, based on the empirical analysis of the power meter, that is, the energy-saving effect is estimated by comparing the power required by the athlete to maintain the same speed when riding alone and riding with the vehicle, which is the most commonly used method at present, but the limitation is that it can only obtain an integral power difference value, and the specific pneumatic cause causing energy saving cannot be revealed, and the functional relation between the energy-saving effect and the following distance cannot be precisely quantized. Existing power meter schemes typically ignore the synchronous, high-precision measurements of "pitch" and "local wind speed", resulting in coarse data analysis and difficulty in building a refined tactical model. In addition, accurate measurement of the instantaneous distance between high-speed moving vehicles is also a technical problem, traditional video analysis or common UWB ranging accuracy is insufficient, delay is high, and requirements of scientific research data synchronization are difficult to meet. In summary, the prior art has two major core drawbacks: firstly, the measurement means are mutually fractured, so that synchronous acquisition of key parameters such as distance, vehicle head flow speed and power is difficult to realize, and the correlation analysis between the pneumatic environment change and the energy consumption lacks data support; Secondly, the a