CN-122016237-A - Hydrodynamic sediment physical model experiment method for simulating combined wave action of tide level

CN122016237ACN 122016237 ACN122016237 ACN 122016237ACN-122016237-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrodynamic sediment physical model experiment method for simulating a tidal level combined wave action, which comprises the steps of constructing a physical model experiment system comprising an experiment water tank, a tidal level simulation system, a wave generation system and a measurement system, determining a model tidal level process and a wave element sequence according to prototype environment data, positioning control parameters of the tidal level simulation system in an empty water tank state, and setting control parameters of the wave generation system according to different water depths and wave element ratios, synchronously running two systems after a bottom bed model is laid, enabling the water level to dynamically change and generating corresponding waves, realizing the tidal level and wave combined action simulation, and collecting hydrodynamic force and bottom bed topography data through the measurement system for analysis. The invention not only realizes the accurate combined simulation of the dynamic change of the tide level and the wave action, but also has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and easy installation and control of the tide level simulation system, improves the simulation precision of the complex water and sand movement process, and provides an economic and reliable experimental means for coastal engineering research.

Inventors

XU ZHAOYAN
JI ZEZHOU
YOU ZAIJIN
LIANG BINGCHEN
QU ZHIPENG
WANG ZHAOWEI

Assignees

大连海事大学
中交第一航务工程勘察设计院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260324

Claims (8)

1. The hydrodynamic sediment physical model experiment method for simulating the combined wave action of the damping level is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Building a physical model experiment system, wherein the physical model experiment system comprises an experiment water tank, a tide level simulation system, a wave generation system and a measurement system; Determining the tide level process and the corresponding wave element sequence of the model experiment according to the prototype environment data; under the state of an empty water tank, calibrating control parameters of the tide level simulation system according to the tide level process, and calibrating control parameters of the wave generation system according to different water depths corresponding to the tide level process and the wave element sequence; And after a bottom bed model is paved in the experimental water tank, synchronously operating the tide level simulation system and the wave generation system according to the rated control parameters, enabling the water level in the experimental water tank to dynamically change according to the tide level process, generating waves corresponding to the dynamic water level in real time, realizing the combined action simulation of the tide level change and the waves, and collecting hydrodynamic force and bottom bed topography data in the experimental process through the measurement system for analysis.
2. The experimental method for simulating the hydrodynamic sediment physical model of the combined wave action of the tide level according to claim 1, wherein, The tide level simulation system comprises a water storage system, a water pump set, a flow control unit and a water level monitoring device, wherein the water pump set is connected with the water storage system and the experiment water tank, the flow control unit is arranged on a connecting pipeline, and the water level monitoring device is arranged in the experiment water tank.
3. The experimental method for simulating the hydrodynamic sediment physical model of the combined wave action of the tide level according to claim 2, wherein, The water storage system is a nested double-layer open water tank and comprises an inner water tank and an outer water tank surrounding the inner water tank, the water pump group comprises a main pump, an auxiliary pump and a drainage pump, the main pump is connected with an external water source and the inner water tank, the auxiliary pump is arranged in the inner water tank and connected to the experiment water tank, the drainage pump is arranged in the experiment water tank and connected to the outer water tank, the tank wall height of the inner water tank is higher than the tank wall height of the outer water tank, the inner water tank always keeps an overflow state when in operation, water exceeding the capacity of the inner water tank overflows to the outer water tank, and the bottom of the outer water tank is provided with a drainage hole.
4. The experimental method for simulating the hydrodynamic sediment physical model of the combined wave action of the tide level according to claim 1, wherein, The wave generation system comprises a push plate type wave generator arranged at one end of the experiment water tank, and the measuring system comprises a wave height instrument, a flow velocity instrument and terrain acquisition equipment, wherein the wave height instrument and the flow velocity instrument are arranged in the experiment water tank, and the terrain acquisition equipment is used for acquiring the terrain data of the bottom bed.
5. The experimental method for simulating the hydrodynamic sediment physical model of the combined wave action of the tide level according to claim 2, wherein, And a communication platform is paved at the bottom of the experiment water tank, a communication pipeline is arranged in the communication platform, the bottom bed model is paved on the communication platform, and the water level monitoring device is arranged in a water body behind the bottom bed model.
6. The experimental method for simulating the hydrodynamic sediment physical model of the combined wave action of the tide level according to claim 1, wherein, Determining a model experiment tidal level process and a corresponding wave element sequence according to prototype environment data, determining a hydrodynamic force scale according to a gravity similarity criterion, converting prototype tidal level and wave data into the model experiment tidal level process and wave element sequence, selecting one from a Hill criterion and a dimensionless sinking speed criterion according to sediment motion characteristics of a prototype sea area, determining a sediment motion scale, and selecting experimental sand according to the sediment motion scale.
7. The experimental method for simulating the hydrodynamic sediment physical model of the combined wave action of the tide level according to claim 1, wherein, The method for calibrating the control parameters of the tide level simulation system comprises the steps of dividing the period of the tide level process into a plurality of continuous time segments, setting the water level change in each time segment to be linear change, repeating the test by adjusting the flow control unit of the tide level simulation system according to the tide level change rate required by each time segment to obtain the control parameters corresponding to the tide level change rate, and carrying out complete test verification on the whole tide level period according to the control parameters corresponding to each time segment.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Calibrating the control parameters of the wave generation system comprises the steps of adjusting the parameters of the wave generation system according to different water depths corresponding to the tide level process and corresponding wave elements to perform repeated tests, obtaining wave generation control parameters corresponding to the corresponding water depths and the wave elements, and recording the relation between the wave generation parameters and the wave parameters.

Description

Hydrodynamic sediment physical model experiment method for simulating combined wave action of tide level Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering, port channels and coastal landform physical model experiments, and particularly relates to a hydrodynamic sediment physical model experiment method for simulating combined wave action of a damping level. Background In coastal zones and estuary areas, the hydrodynamic environment is complex, and the periodic fluctuation of tide level and wave action are mutually overlapped to jointly shape the sediment transportation, scouring and sedimentation modes. The physical model experiment is an important means for researching the complex process, predicting the engineering effect and the environment evolution, and accurately simulating the hydrodynamic sediment movement rule under the combined wave action of the variable tide level is important for research. When the traditional physical model experiment method simulates the effects of tides and waves, static treatment is usually adopted for tide level simulation, most experiments adopt fixed water level to simulate high tide, low tide or average tide level, the continuous and dynamic change process of the tide level cannot be truly reproduced, the dynamic characteristics such as beach inundation-exposure, water flow groove return effect and the like caused by the change of the tide level are difficult to embody, and the comprehensive influence of the tide level change on wave propagation characteristics (such as wave height, wavelength and broken belt position) and the bottom shearing force cannot be fully considered. Limiting the experimental tanks to generally lacks an accurate water level control system, while adding an accurate control system is complicated and expensive because, for experiments where it is desirable to study the combined action of tide level and wave, the natural nature of the near sinusoidal variation of tide level is lost, resulting in distortion of the relevant physical process, either in terms of the change in tide level or taking into account a stepwise change, or coarsely dividing the change in tide level into ascending phases-high/low water level segments-descending phases (the rate of ascending descending phases is unchanged). In summary, in the process of taking sediment starting, transferring, sedimentation and the like into consideration, the traditional experimental method cannot fully combine the combined action of the tidal level change and the wave, so that the simulation accuracy of the sediment movement rule is low, and accurate basis cannot be provided for engineering design and ecological protection. Therefore, a physical model experimental method capable of simply and efficiently simulating the combined action of dynamic tide level change and wave and accurately reproducing the corresponding hydrodynamic force and sediment movement process is developed, and the method has important theoretical value and engineering application requirements. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a hydrodynamic sediment physical model experiment method for simulating the combined wave action of the damping level, so as to solve the problems in the prior art. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a hydrodynamic sediment physical model experiment method for simulating combined wave action of a damping level, which comprises the following steps: Building a physical model experiment system, wherein the physical model experiment system comprises an experiment water tank, a tide level simulation system, a wave generation system and a measurement system; Determining the tide level process and the corresponding wave element sequence of the model experiment according to the prototype environment data; under the state of an empty water tank, calibrating control parameters of the tide level simulation system according to the tide level process, and calibrating control parameters of the wave generation system according to different water depths corresponding to the tide level process and the wave element sequence; And after a bottom bed model is paved in the experimental water tank, synchronously operating the tide level simulation system and the wave generation system according to the rated control parameters, enabling the water level in the experimental water tank to dynamically change according to the tide level process, generating waves corresponding to the dynamic water level in real time, realizing the combined action simulation of the tide level change and the waves, and collecting hydrodynamic force and bottom bed topography data in the experimental process through the measurement system for analysis. Optionally, the tide level simulation system comprises a water storage system, a water pump set connected with the water storage system and the experiment water tank, a flow control unit arr