CN-122016239-A - Propeller excitation measurement system and method for accounting for shafting bending vibration influence

CN122016239ACN 122016239 ACN122016239 ACN 122016239ACN-122016239-A

Abstract

A propeller excitation measurement system and method for accounting for shafting bending vibration influence belong to the field of ship propulsion devices. The method comprises a propeller, a sealing device, a propeller bearing, a bearing dynamic excitation force sensor, a torque tachometer rotor, a torque tachometer stator, a front/rear stern bearing, a diaphragm coupler, a thrust bearing, a counterweight balance disc, a front/rear middle bearing, a motor coupler, a driving motor, a variable frequency controller, a data analysis acquisition instrument, a test bench base, a rotating shaft, an eddy current displacement sensor, a photoelectric type rotational speed sensor and a propeller mounting shaft sleeve, and aims to overcome the technical bottlenecks that the underwater sensor is difficult to arrange, the cost is high and the transmission performance of a shafting is influenced in the existing direct propeller excitation measurement method, and meanwhile, the problems that the existing indirect measurement method cannot eliminate the excitation interference of a mechanical structure and the measurement accuracy is insufficient are solved, so that the propeller hydrodynamic excitation measurement method capable of accounting for the influence of shafting bending vibration is realized at low cost and high precision is realized.

Inventors

MENG CHANGLIN
WANG PUYUAN
ZHAO HAIYANG
ZHOU GUOCHENG
CHEN BAO

Assignees

中国航空工业集团公司哈尔滨空气动力研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260413

Claims (9)

1. The propeller excitation measurement system for accounting for the influence of shafting bending and torsional vibration is characterized by comprising a propeller (1), a sealing device (2), a propeller bearing (3), a bearing dynamic excitation force sensor (4), a torque tachometer rotor (5), a torque tachometer stator (6), a front stern bearing (7), a rear stern bearing (8), a diaphragm coupler (9), a thrust bearing (10), a counterweight balance disc (11), a front middle bearing (12), a rear middle bearing (13), a motor coupler (14), a driving motor (15), a variable frequency controller (16), a data analysis acquisition instrument (17), a test bench base (18), a rotating shaft (19), an eddy current displacement sensor (20), a photoelectric rotating speed sensor (21) and a propeller installation shaft sleeve (22); one end of the rotating shaft (19) is connected with the output end of the driving motor (15) through a motor coupler (14), the other end of the rotating shaft (19) is connected with the propeller (1) through the propeller mounting shaft sleeve (22), and the rotating shaft (19) is rotationally connected with the test bed base (18) through the sealing device (2); A rear middle bearing (13), a front middle bearing (12), a thrust bearing (10), a diaphragm coupler (9), a rear stern bearing (8), a front stern bearing (7), a torque tachometer rotor (5) and a propeller bearing (3) are axially arranged on the rotating shaft (19); The screw propeller bearing (3) is connected with the test bed base (18) through a bearing dynamic excitation force sensor (4), the torque tachometer rotor (5) is connected with the test bed base (18) through a torque tachometer stator (6), and the front middle bearing (12), the rear middle bearing (13), the thrust bearing (10), the front stern bearing (7) and the rear stern bearing (8) are respectively connected with the test bed base (18); The two counterweight balance plates (11) are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the thrust bearing (10); an eddy current type displacement sensor (20) is arranged on the counterweight balance disc (11); the photoelectric rotating speed sensors (21) are respectively arranged on the front middle bearing (12), the rear middle bearing (13), the front stern bearing (7), the rear stern bearing (8) and the torque rotating speed meter stator (6); The variable frequency controller (16) is respectively connected with the driving motor (15) and the data analysis acquisition instrument (17) and is used for controlling the driving motor (15) to generate regular sine wave instantaneous fluctuation rotating speed so as to apply quantitative torsion disturbance; The data analysis acquisition instrument (17) is respectively connected with the variable frequency controller (16) and the sensor assembly and is used for receiving and processing the acquired signals so as to output the hydrodynamic force excitation result at the position of the propeller.
2. A propeller excitation measurement system accounting for shafting bending vibration effects according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of eddy current displacement sensors (20) and a plurality of photoelectric speed sensors (21) are provided at a plurality of positions along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (19).
3. A propeller excitation measurement system accounting for shafting bending vibration effects according to claim 2, wherein the propeller mounting sleeve (22) acts as a bending vibration simulation device to simulate bending vibration by replacing propeller mounting sleeves (22) having different eccentricities to apply a quantitative rotational disturbance to the rotating shaft (19).
4. A propeller excitation measurement method for accounting for shafting bending vibration effects, implemented by means of a propeller excitation measurement system for accounting for shafting bending vibration effects according to claim 3, comprising the steps of: Firstly, carrying out inherent characteristic test and frequency response characteristic analysis, eliminating a measurement error source of structural resonance, and establishing excitation force amplitude mapping relations between the propeller (1) and the torque tachometer and the bearing dynamic excitation force sensor (4) in the concerned measurement frequency range; Step two, in the air state, performing a comparison group test on each bending-torsional vibration state to be simulated to obtain comparison measurement data of a dynamic excitation force sensor signal, a torque tachometer signal and a step rotation speed mark of the bearing; step three, in the water attached state of the propeller (1), repeating the bending-torsional vibration state corresponding to the air state for testing to obtain the measurement data of the dynamic excitation force sensor signal and the torque tachometer signal of the bearing; Measuring time domain data of air and attached water under the same bending-torsional vibration state, and obtaining actual hydrodynamic force excitation force and torque through subtracting signals guaranteeing phase consistency; and fifthly, calculating the real hydrodynamic force excitation force and torque at the position of the propeller (1) based on the mapping relation, and performing discrete Fourier transform on the time result to obtain the propeller excitation amplitude-frequency characteristic accounting for the influence of shafting bending vibration.
5. The propeller excitation measurement method of claim 4, wherein the step one specifically comprises: Arranging an eddy current displacement sensor (20) and a photoelectric rotating speed sensor (21) at the non-wading position of the rotor system, and acquiring inherent characteristics of the rotor system through measuring bending vibration and torsional vibration of a rotating shaft (19), arranging a torque rotating speed meter at the non-wading position of the rotor system, wherein a torque rotating speed meter rotor (5) and a torque rotating speed meter stator (6) jointly form the torque rotating speed meter, and installing a bearing dynamic excitation force sensor (4) at the bearing seat position of a propeller bearing (3) for measuring instantaneous fluctuation torque and bearing dynamic excitation force; The inherent characteristic test is carried out by adopting a rotational speed increasing method, and the inherent frequency of the bending torsional vibration of the rotor system in the concerned measuring frequency range is judged through the waterfall graph results monitored by the eddy current displacement sensor (20) and the photoelectric rotational speed sensor (21); On the basis, frequency response function analysis is carried out, and the mapping relation of the degree of freedom excitation amplitude of each bearing dynamic excitation force sensor (4) at the propeller (1) and the torque tachometer in the concerned measurement frequency range is obtained.
6. The propeller excitation measurement method of claim 4, wherein the step two specifically comprises: Setting a special step rotation speed marking channel in the measuring process, and providing phase information in result analysis; a propeller mounting shaft sleeve (22) with different eccentricities is adopted to apply quantitative rotary disturbance to a rotating shaft (19) so as to simulate bending vibration; The variable frequency controller (16) is used for controlling the driving motor (15) to generate a regular sine waveform instantaneous fluctuation rotating speed, and quantitative torsion disturbance is applied to simulate torsion vibration; Before excitation measurement in the water attached state is carried out, a comparison group test is carried out in the air state for each bending vibration state to be simulated, and comparison measurement data of a dynamic excitation force sensor signal, a torque tachometer signal and a step rotation speed mark of the bearing are obtained for subsequent analysis.
7. The propeller excitation measurement method of claim 4, wherein the step three specifically comprises: and in the water attached state of the propeller (1), testing is carried out on each bending and torsional vibration state to be simulated, and measurement data of a dynamic excitation force sensor signal and a torque rotating speed instrument signal of the bearing are obtained for subsequent analysis.
8. The propeller excitation measurement method of claim 4, wherein the step four specifically comprises: And analyzing the measured time domain data of the air state and the water attached state under the same bending-torsional vibration state, and carrying out signal subtraction for guaranteeing phase consistency through the phase information recorded by the step rotating speed marking channel to obtain actual hydrodynamic force excitation force and torque and eliminate the interference of self excitation of the mechanical structure.
9. The propeller excitation measurement method of claim 5, wherein the fifth step comprises: In the frequency range concerned by measurement, based on the mapping relation between the propeller (1) and the driven degree excitation amplitude of the bearing dynamic excitation force sensor (4) and the torque tachometer, which are obtained by frequency response characteristic analysis, real hydrodynamic force excitation force and torque time domain data of the propeller (1) are obtained by calculation through a structure transfer function model; And performing discrete Fourier transform on the obtained real hydrodynamic force excitation force and torque time domain result of the propeller (1) to obtain the propeller excitation amplitude-frequency characteristic accounting for the influence of shafting bending and torsional vibration.

Description

Propeller excitation measurement system and method for accounting for shafting bending vibration influence Technical Field The invention relates to a propeller excitation measurement system and method for accounting for shafting bending and torsional vibration influence, and belongs to the field of ship propulsion devices. Background The propeller-shaft system composed of the propulsion shaft system and the propeller is responsible for transmitting the power of the main engine and the thrust of the propeller, and is also one of the main vibration noise sources of the ship. The propeller generates hydrodynamic force excitation and causes shafting vibration under the influence of a ship body induced non-uniform incoming flow field, and the mass center motion of the propeller generates whirling motion of 'autorotation and revolution' and transient rotation speed fluctuation under the influence of shafting bending vibration and torsional vibration, so that the distribution characteristic of the flow field is changed and additional hydrodynamic force excitation is generated. The main engine of the ship such as the ro-ro ship, container ship is usually installed in the middle of the ship body, so that a long-axis arrangement mode is generally adopted. Meanwhile, in order to pursue better propulsion performance, the ship generally adopts a large-diameter propeller with a large disk surface ratio, so that the cantilever characteristic of a propeller-shaft system is more outstanding. In such long-axis-system-arrangement ships with outstanding cantilever characteristics, the coupling effect between the shafting bending vibration and the propeller hydrodynamic excitation is more remarkable, and the induced propeller additional excitation can cause severe vibration of the ship stern structure and remarkably influence low-frequency radiation noise, so that the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the ship stern structure are necessary to be studied. More than 90% of the energy in the propeller excitation is transferred to the hull through the bearing excitation form, causing structural vibrations and causing cabin and underwater radiation noise. Because of the complexity of the structural form of the propeller-shaft system and the difficulty of the underwater environmental balance force measurement test, the numerical simulation research on propeller excitation is more at present, and the test research for verifying a calculation model is less, so that a propeller hydrodynamic force excitation measurement method capable of accounting for the bending and torsional vibration influence of the propulsion shaft system needs to be developed. In the prior art, a propeller excitation direct measurement method embedded in a shafting is disclosed in a patent document with a publication number of CN104316229A, for example, relates to a propeller dynamic tension and torque composite measurement device, the installation position and connection mode of the measurement device need to be considered in shafting design, processing and assembly stages, the transmission performance of the shafting is affected, and the measurement device has a plurality of technical difficulties in aspects of water tightness, signal cable leading-out, multi-degree-of-freedom stress decoupling and the like. Another indirect measurement method for propeller excitation, for example, patent document with publication number CN119618557a, relates to a reverse method for solving ice induced propeller load based on shafting measurement in reverse direction, which overcomes the technical difficulties faced by the above direct measurement method, but does not eliminate the mechanical structure self excitation contained in the actually measured force and torque signals. Therefore, it is needed to provide a propeller excitation measurement system and method for accounting for the influence of shafting bending vibration, so as to solve the above technical problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the technical bottlenecks that the arrangement of the underwater sensors is difficult, the cost is high and the transmission performance of a shaft system is influenced in the existing propeller excitation direct measurement method, and simultaneously solves the problems that the existing indirect measurement method cannot eliminate the excitation interference of a mechanical structure and has insufficient measurement precision, so that the propeller hydrodynamic force excitation measurement method capable of accounting for the bending-torsion vibration influence of the shaft system is realized, and the cost is low and the precision is high. The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the invention or to delineate t