CN-122016298-A - Mechanical structure and method of quick-change tester for three-type speed reducer

CN122016298ACN 122016298 ACN122016298 ACN 122016298ACN-122016298-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical structure and a method for a quick-change tester of a three-type speed reducer, and belongs to the technical field of tester design. The tester comprises a driving unit, a transmission unit, a positioning unit and a load unit. The transmission unit comprises a main speed increasing box, an intermediate speed increasing box, a speed reducing gear box and A-type and C-type speed reducers instead of the gear boxes. The main speed increasing box is designed into double output ends corresponding to the input ends of the A-type and B-type speed reducers respectively, the intermediate speed increasing box is connected with the A-type output and the C-type input, and the speed reducing gear box reduces the output rotating speed to the working rotating speed of the load motor. The positioning unit realizes accurate positioning and fixing of each component through the special bracket and the interchangeable follower fixture. According to the invention, through modular and replaceable transmission chain design and matching with a uniform driving and loading interface, the functions of rapid model changing, independent test or combined test of the A, B, C three-type speed reducer on the same test bed are realized, the problem that a plurality of special test beds are required to be built in the test of the multi-type speed reducer is solved, the test efficiency is obviously improved, and the construction and operation cost is reduced.

Inventors

REN YI
SHANG YAN
CHEN HONGXI
ZHANG JIXING
ZHANG ZHENQI

Assignees

中国航发哈尔滨东安发动机有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260225

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a three type reduction gear quick change type tester mechanical structure which characterized in that includes: the driving unit is used for providing rotational speed and torque input and is fixed on the ground of a factory building; The transmission unit comprises a main speed increasing box, an intermediate speed increasing box and a speed reducing gear box which are sequentially connected, and an A-type speed reducer substitution gear box and a C-type speed reducer substitution gear box which are arranged in a transmission path in a replaceable manner; the main speed increasing box is provided with double output ends which are respectively used for connecting the input ends of the A-type speed reducer and the B-type speed reducer; the intermediate speed increasing box is arranged between the output end of the A-type speed reducer and the input end of the C-type speed reducer and is used for increasing the output rotating speed of the A-type speed reducer to the input rotating speed of the C-type speed reducer; the reduction gear box is arranged between the output end of the C-type speed reducer or the B-type speed reducer and the load unit and is used for reducing the output rotating speed to the working rotating speed of the load motor; the A-type speed reducer replacing gear box and the C-type speed reducer replacing gear box are identical to the corresponding speed reducer in structure and are used for replacing the corresponding speed reducer in the test; the positioning unit comprises a plurality of brackets and clamps, and is used for fixing each box body and the speed reducer in the transmission unit and ensuring the spatial position relation and the structural stability of the transmission chain; And the load unit comprises a load motor and a mounting frame thereof and is used for applying load to the transmission unit so as to realize performance assessment of the speed reducer.
2. The mechanical structure of a rapid-change tester for a three-type speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein, The double output ends of the main speed increasing box are respectively aligned with the input ends of the A-type speed reducer and the B-type speed reducer in space positions, so that the two speed increasing boxes can share the same driving motor, and the quick change of the input ends of the transmission chains is realized through a switching fixture.
3. The mechanical structure of a rapid-change tester for a three-type speed reducer according to claim 2, wherein, The output end of the intermediate speed increasing box is in butt joint with the input end of the C-type speed reducer, and the output end of the B-type speed reducer is overlapped with the output end of the C-type speed reducer in space, so that the B-type speed reducer and the C-type speed reducer can share the same load motor.
4. A mechanical structure of a rapid-change tester for a three-type speed reducer according to claim 3, wherein, The installation interfaces of the A-type speed reducer replacing gear box and the C-type speed reducer replacing gear box are respectively matched with the A-type speed reducer installation clamp and the C-type speed reducer following clamp, so that a single speed reducer test or a combined test can be realized by replacing the gear box in the test.
5. The mechanical structure of a rapid-change tester for a three-type speed reducer according to claim 4, wherein, The positioning unit further comprises brackets for supporting the main speed increasing box, the middle speed increasing box and the speed reducing gear box, and the brackets are designed through modal analysis to avoid resonance in the working frequency range of the speed reducer.
6. The mechanical structure of a rapid-change tester for a three-type speed reducer according to claim 5, wherein, The positioning unit further comprises an A-type mounting clamp, a B-type accompanying clamp and a C-type accompanying clamp, wherein the B-type accompanying clamp and the C-type accompanying clamp are provided with consistent interface structures and can be mounted interchangeably.
7. The mechanical structure of a rapid-change tester for a three-type speed reducer according to claim 6, wherein, The load motor in the load unit is an electric power loading motor, and the mounting frame of the load motor is provided with a three-dimensional adjustable structure so as to realize accurate butt joint with the output end of the transmission system.
8. The mechanical structure of a rapid-change tester for a three-type speed reducer according to claim 7, wherein, The novel transmission mechanism further comprises a bearing seat arranged between the output end of the main speed increasing box and the input end of the A-type speed reducer, and the bearing seat is used for prolonging the axial distance of transmission and reserving space for installing the C-type speed reducer.
9. A rapid-change test method for a three-type speed reducer, which adopts the mechanical structure of the tester as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the type of the speed reducer to be tested, selecting and installing a corresponding speed reducer or a substitute gear box; Each component in the transmission chain is fixed through a clamp and a bracket in the positioning unit, so that alignment of transmission paths is ensured; starting a driving unit, and inputting the rotating speed and the torque to a transmission unit; Applying load to the transmission unit through the load unit, and performing performance test on the speed reducer; when the test model needs to be replaced, the quick-change test of the A-type, B-type or C-type speed reducer is realized by replacing the clamp and/or replacing the gear box.
10. The rapid-change test method for a three-type speed reducer according to claim 9, wherein, The method comprises the steps of installing an A-type speed reducer and a C-type speed reducer and connecting the A-type speed reducer and the C-type speed reducer through an intermediate speed increasing box when the A-type speed reducer and the C-type speed reducer are tested in a combined mode, replacing the A-type speed reducer by using the A-type speed reducer to replace the gear box when the C-type speed reducer is tested singly, replacing the C-type speed reducer by using the C-type speed reducer to replace the gear box when the A-type speed reducer is tested singly, and directly installing the A-type speed reducer and the C-type speed reducer to a B-type follower fixture when the B-type speed reducer is tested and driving the B-type speed reducer through the other output end of a main speed increasing box.

Description

Mechanical structure and method of quick-change tester for three-type speed reducer Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of tester design, and particularly relates to a mechanical structure of a quick-change tester for a three-speed reducer of a helicopter transmission system. Background Helicopter speed reducers are key components of a transmission system, and the performance of the helicopter speed reducers needs to be strictly verified through ground tests. In the conventional test bed construction, a "one-table-type" mode is generally adopted, that is, a dedicated test bed is required for construction of each type of speed reducer. The mode has the obvious defects that firstly, the system-level combined test between the speed reducers of different types cannot be carried out, and secondly, when the speed reducers of new types are developed, a new test bed is needed, so that the construction period is long, the cost is high, and the occupied area is large. Currently, in the development process of newly developed helicopters of certain types, three types of A, B and C speed reducers exist simultaneously, and ground tests are required. If three test tables are respectively built for the test tables, huge resource waste and time delay are brought. The existing test bed does not have the capability of compatible test of the three-type speed reducer, and further lacks the function of fast and accurate switching among a plurality of test modes (single test and combined test). Therefore, there is a need for an integrated, versatile, quickly shiftable mechanical arrangement for a speed reducer tester. Disclosure of Invention In the ground test verification of the helicopter speed reducer, the traditional technical scheme has the following defects: the function is single, the existing test bed is designed only for a single type of speed reducer, does not have the capability of multi-type compatible test, and cannot meet the test requirements of a novel helicopter transmission system comprising A type speed reducer, B type speed reducer and C type speed reducer. The switching is difficult, equipment is required to be transferred between different test tables in different types of speed reducers, or the test tables are modified in a large scale, so that the test period is long, the switching efficiency is low, and the rapid iteration development rhythm cannot be adapted. The cost is high, three special test tables are respectively built for the three-type speed reducer, and the problems of huge investment, wide occupied area and long construction period are solved, so that resource waste is caused. The joint test capability is lost, the prior scheme can not realize a system-level joint test (such as a type A and C series test) among different types of reducers, and the matching performance of a transmission system of the whole machine is difficult to verify. The space utilization rate is low, the space arrangement of the transmission chain cannot be optimized by the traditional layout, so that the occupied area of the test bed is large, and the space utilization rate of a factory building is low. In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides a mechanical structure of a quick-change tester for a three-type speed reducer, which has the innovation core that the high-efficiency compatibility test of the three-type speed reducer on the same test platform is realized by combining a unified driving/loading interface and a quick-change mechanism through a modularized and reconfigurable transmission system design. The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a mechanical structure of a rapid-change tester for a three-type speed reducer, comprising: 1. Driving unit The driving unit comprises a high-power driving motor and a driving motor mounting frame. The driving motor is fixed on the ground of a factory building through the mounting frame, and stable rotation speed and torque input is provided for the whole transmission system. The mounting frame is provided with a three-dimensional adjusting mechanism, so that the output shaft of the motor is ensured to be accurately centered with the input end of the transmission system. 2. Transmission unit The transmission unit is a core functional module of the tester, adopts modularized and replaceable design and comprises the following key components: Main speed increasing gear box: is fixed by a bracket, and is fixed by the bracket, the input end of the motor is connected with the output shaft of the driving motor. The inside of the gear box adopts multi-stage gear transmission, and has a double-output end structure with unique design, wherein a first output end extends through a bearing seat and is used for being connected with an input shaft of an A-type speed reducer, and a second output end is directly used for being connected with an input shaft of a B-type speed r