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CN-122016304-A - Dynamic measuring device and method for travel error of inner raceway of nut

CN122016304ACN 122016304 ACN122016304 ACN 122016304ACN-122016304-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic measuring device and a method for travel errors of inner raceways of nuts. The device comprises a supporting part, a clamping part, a transmission part, a measuring part and an axial moving part, wherein the supporting part is used for bearing other parts of the device, the clamping part is used for clamping and fixing a nut to be measured, the transmission part is used for transmitting power to drive the nut to rotate, the measuring part is used for measuring the stroke error of the nut to be measured, and the axial moving part is used for carrying the measuring part to axially move. The fiber laser interferometer is arranged on a support seat on the left side of the lathe bed, can stably measure the linear displacement of the workbench, and provides an accurate length reference for the system. The measuring device has the characteristics of small volume, high precision, high automation degree, dynamic measurement and the like, and is suitable for detecting the travel error of the inner raceway of the nut.

Inventors

  • OU YI
  • DU FEI

Assignees

  • 南京理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260122

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The dynamic measuring device for the travel error of the inner raceway of the nut is characterized by comprising a supporting part, a transmission part, a clamping part, a measuring part, an axial moving part and a matched auxiliary part; The supporting component is used for bearing other components of the measuring device; The transmission component is used for transmitting power to realize the rotation of the nut to be tested; The clamping component is used for clamping and fixing the nut to be tested; the measuring component is used for measuring the travel error of the inner raceway of the nut; The axial moving component and the matched auxiliary component are used for carrying the measuring component to axially move, and the axial direction is perpendicular to the reference surface of the nut to be measured.
  2. 2. The dynamic measuring device for the travel error of the inner raceway of the nut according to claim 1, wherein the supporting component comprises a marble Dan Chuangshen (1), a laser ruler supporting seat (3) and a bearing supporting seat (7), the laser ruler supporting seat (3) and the bearing supporting seat (7) are both arranged on the upper surface of the marble Dan Chuangshen (1) and are coaxially arranged, the working surface of the laser ruler supporting seat (3) is parallel to the upper surface of the marble Dan Chuangshen (1), and the laser ruler supporting seat (3) is used for installing an optical fiber laser ruler (4).
  3. 3. The nut inner raceway stroke error dynamic measurement device according to claim 2, wherein the transmission part comprises a servo motor (2), a linear motor (18), a flat belt wheel (24), a flat belt (5) and a main shaft (33), wherein the servo motor (2) is fixedly arranged on a lathe bed (1) through a motor adapter plate (21), the flat belt wheel (24) is provided with two bearing end covers, one flat belt wheel is coaxially and fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the servo motor (2), the other flat belt wheel is coaxially and fixedly connected to the leftmost end of the main shaft (33), the two flat belt wheels (24) are in transmission connection through the flat belt (5) so as to realize power transmission of the servo motor (2) and the main shaft (33), the linear motor (18) is arranged on the lathe bed (1) and used for driving an air-float workbench (13) to do linear reciprocating motion, the bearing support seat (7) is used as a core radial support part of the main shaft (33) and is provided with a matched bearing end cover, the bearing end cover comprises a left end cover and a right end cover (6) which are fixedly arranged on the bearing support seat (7) and a right end cover (7) and an inner hole (8) of the bearing seat (33) which are in interference fit with an auxiliary bearing seat (29) in the axial direction so as to realize stable bearing seat (33), so as to realize radial positioning of the main shaft (33), wherein the left side and the right side are the left side and the right side along the length direction of the marble Dan Chuangshen (1).
  4. 4. The dynamic measuring device for the travel error of the inner raceway of the nut according to claim 3, wherein the clamping component comprises a four-jaw chuck (9), a workpiece clamping tool (10) and a rotary clamping cylinder (11) arranged on the workpiece clamping tool (10), the four-jaw chuck (9) is coaxially arranged at the rightmost end of the main shaft (33), coaxiality of a clamped workpiece and the main shaft (33) is guaranteed by adjusting radial expansion and contraction of four jaws in the four-jaw chuck (9), the workpiece clamping tool (10) is matched with the nut (34) to be measured, and the rotary clamping cylinder (11) symmetrically arranged on the workpiece clamping tool is matched with the workpiece clamping tool to be measured, so that axial fixing of the nut (34) to be measured is achieved.
  5. 5. The dynamic measurement device for the travel error of the nut inner race according to claim 4, characterized in that the axial moving part and the matched auxiliary part comprise an air floatation workbench (13), a hydraulic buffer (15), a buffer support (14), a double-shaft linear guide rail (19), a limit slider (20), a drag chain (17), a drag chain adapter plate (16) and a reference plate (12), wherein the air floatation workbench (13) is arranged on the air floatation guide rail on a marble Dan Chuangshen (1) and is fixedly connected with a rotor of the linear motor (18), the linear motor (18) is used for driving the air floatation workbench (13) to do linear reciprocating motion, the buffer support (14) is fixedly arranged on the marble Dan Chuangshen (1), the hydraulic buffer (15) is arranged on the buffer support (14), the double-shaft linear guide rail (19) is arranged on one side of the air floatation guide rail, the limit slider (20) is assembled on the double-shaft linear guide rail (19) and is fixedly connected with the air floatation workbench (13) for limiting the air floatation workbench (13), the air floatation chain adapter plate (16) is fixedly connected with the air floatation chain adapter plate (13) on one side of the air floatation chain (13), the drag chain adapter plate (16) is fixedly arranged on the other side of the air floatation chain (13) and is fixedly connected with the air floatation chain adapter plate (12), and is overlapped with the left end face of the air-float workbench (13) to be used as a reference surface for metering.
  6. 6. The dynamic measurement device for the travel error of the inner raceway of the nut according to claim 5, wherein the measurement component comprises a circular grating (26), a reading (22), a circular grating positioning sleeve (27), a screwing nut (25), a reading head bracket (23), a fiber laser ruler (4), a reflecting mirror (35), a measurement bracket (45), a floating sleeve (43), a rotating handle (46), a push rod (41), a measuring rod (40), a return spring (42), a locking sleeve (39), a measuring head (38), a torsion spring (37) and a torsion spring pressing block (36); The circular grating (26) is arranged on the circular grating positioning sleeve (27) and used as an angle reference when a measuring nut (34) rotates, the circular grating positioning sleeve (27) is arranged on the main shaft (33) and is close to the left end of the main shaft, a stopping device is arranged on the circular grating positioning sleeve (27) to limit radial movement of the circular grating positioning sleeve, the screwing nut (25) is arranged on the left side of the circular grating positioning sleeve (27) through threads on the main shaft (33) to limit axial movement of the circular grating positioning sleeve (27), the reading head bracket (23) is fixed on a left end cover (6) of a bearing, the reading head (22) is arranged on the reading head bracket (23) and used for reading an angle signal of the circular grating (26), the optical fiber laser ruler (4) is arranged on the laser ruler supporting seat (3) and used for stably measuring linear displacement of the air floatation working table (13) and providing an accurate length reference for the device, the reflecting mirror (35) is arranged on the left end face of the measuring rod (40) and is matched with the optical fiber laser ruler (4) to realize axial movement of the measuring sleeve (45) and the measuring tool (45) and the spline (33) to be matched with the spline (33), the end face flange of the spline nut (44) is fixedly connected to the left side of the measuring support (45), the measuring rod (40) is installed inside the spline shaft (43) in a tight fit mode and is axially fixed through the locking sleeve (39), the spline shaft (43) can drive the measuring rod (40) to do stable axial reciprocating movement along the axis direction of the measuring support (45) through the guiding function of the spline pair, meanwhile, the spline shaft (43) is limited to circumferentially rotate relative to the measuring support (45), the push rod (41) is installed inside the measuring rod (40) and drives the measuring rod (40) to axially move through the screw feeding action of the rotary handle (46) installed on the right side of the measuring support (45), the return spring (42) is inserted into a hole groove of the push rod (41) through a hinge and is used for achieving self-resetting after the axial forward movement of the push rod (41), the measuring head (38) is installed in a square hole at the left end of the measuring rod (40), the torsion spring (37) is supported between the measuring head (38) and the measuring rod (40), the end face of the torsion spring (37) is embedded in the torsion spring groove (37) to prevent the axial force arm (37) from being abutted against the end face groove of the torsion spring (37) of the measuring rod (37).
  7. 7. The dynamic measuring device for the travel error of the inner raceway of the nut according to claim 6, wherein the emitting end face of the fiber laser ruler (4) and the reflecting end face of the reflecting mirror (35) are positioned on the same straight line, the main shaft (33) is of a hollow structure, and the measuring light emitted by the fiber laser ruler (4) passes through the hollow main shaft (33) along the axial direction of the measured nut (34), so that the reference line of the measuring light coincides with the measuring reference axis of the inner raceway of the measured nut (34), and abbe error is avoided.
  8. 8. The dynamic measuring device for the travel error of the inner raceway of the nut according to claim 7, wherein a wedge-shaped clamping structure is arranged at the connecting part of the push rod (41) and the measuring head (38), the wedge-shaped clamping structure is composed of an inclined plane groove formed in the measuring head (38) and a conical head of the push rod (41), the inclined angle of the inclined plane groove is matched with the taper of the conical head, the radial positioning of the measuring head (38) is realized through the joint tangency of the conical head and the inclined plane groove, and meanwhile, the elastic acting force of the torsion spring (37) is matched, so that the measuring head (38) keeps stable posture in the measuring process without radial movement.
  9. 9. The dynamic measuring device for the travel error of the inner raceway of the nut according to claim 8, wherein screw feeding is achieved through fine-tooth common thread matching between the rotary handle (46) and the spline shaft (43), the lead precision of the fine-tooth thread is not lower than IT5 level, an anti-slip knurling structure is arranged on the periphery of the rotary handle (46), the push rod (41) is driven to axially move through the rotary handle (46), the conical head of the push rod (41) performs wedge feeding along the inclined plane groove, the measuring head (38) is propped against a preset measuring position of the inner raceway of the nut, and the feeding amount is precisely controlled through the rotation angle of the rotary handle (46) so as to adapt to the measuring position adjusting requirements of the inner raceways of nuts with different specifications.
  10. 10. The dynamic measuring device for the travel error of the inner raceway of the nut according to claim 9, wherein the torsion spring pressing block (36) is in threaded connection with the end part of the measuring rod (40) through an internal thread, and the fitting pressure of the torsion spring pressing block (36) and the end face of the torsion spring (37) can be adjusted by rotating the torsion spring pressing block (36).

Description

Dynamic measuring device and method for travel error of inner raceway of nut Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of ball screw pair testing, and particularly relates to a dynamic measuring device and method for a travel error of a nut inner raceway. Background The ball screw pair is a rolling functional component for converting rotary motion into linear motion, and is widely applied to the industrial fields of numerical control machine tools, petroleum drilling, precise instruments and the like due to the advantages of high precision, high efficiency, high rigidity, high bearing and the like. The common ball screw pair is a forward ball screw pair, which is also called forward driving, and is driven by a servo motor to drive the ball screw to rotate so as to drive the ball nut to axially linearly move. However, the forward ball screw assembly has a relatively large external volume, and it is difficult to coordinate the parameters such as the load and volume of the whole member in a miniature and lightweight case. The reverse ball screw pair drives the screw to axially linearly move by driving the nut to rotate through the motor, so that the effective length of the threads of the nut is required to be larger than that of the screw, and at the moment, the travel error of the inner roller path of the nut can directly influence the transmission precision and performance of the ball screw pair. At present, a lead screw stroke error detection system is complete, but no special equipment is used for detecting the stroke error of the inner raceway of the nut at the present stage, so that the research and development of equipment capable of accurately, efficiently and stably detecting the stroke error of the inner raceway of the nut is particularly important. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a dynamic measuring device and method for the travel error of a raceway in a nut aiming at the defects or shortcomings of the prior art. The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is that the device for dynamically measuring the travel error of the inner raceway of the nut comprises a supporting part, a transmission part, a clamping part, a measuring part, an axial moving part and a matched auxiliary part; The supporting component is used for bearing other components of the measuring device; The transmission component is used for transmitting power to realize the rotation of the nut to be tested; The clamping component is used for clamping and fixing the nut to be tested; the measuring component is used for measuring the travel error of the inner raceway of the nut; The axial moving component and the matched auxiliary component are used for carrying the measuring component to axially move, and the axial direction is perpendicular to the reference surface of the nut to be measured. The support component comprises a marble lathe bed, a laser ruler support seat and a bearing support seat, wherein the laser ruler support seat and the bearing support seat are both arranged on the upper surface of the marble lathe bed and are coaxially arranged, the working surface of the laser ruler support seat is parallel to the upper surface of the marble lathe bed, and the laser ruler support seat is used for installing an optical fiber laser ruler. The bearing support seat is used as a core radial support part of the main shaft, matched bearing end covers are configured, the bearing support seat comprises a left end cover and a right end cover which are fixed on the left end and the right end of the bearing support seat, the bearing end covers are used for realizing sealing protection and axial auxiliary limiting of a bearing, the bearing support seat is matched with an outer ring of an angular ball bearing on the main shaft to realize radial positioning of the main shaft, and an inner hole of the bearing support seat is in interference fit with the outer ring of the angular ball bearing on the main shaft to realize radial positioning of the main shaft. The clamping component comprises a four-jaw chuck, a workpiece clamping tool and a rotary clamping cylinder arranged on the workpiece clamping tool, wherein the four-jaw chuck is coaxially arranged at the rightmost end of the main shaft, coaxiality of a clamped workpiece and the main shaft is guaranteed by adjusting radial expansion and contraction amounts of four jaws in the four-jaw chuck, the workpiece clamping tool is matched with a nut to be tested, and the rotary clamping cylinder is symmetrically arranged on the workpiece clamping tool and is matched with the nut to be tested and used for axially fixing the nut to be tested. The axial moving part and the matched auxiliary part comprise an air floatation workbench, a hydraulic buffer, a buffer support, a double-shaft linear guide rail, a limiting sliding block, a drag chain adapter plate and a reference plate, wherein the air floatation workbench is arranged on the air float