CN-122016355-A - Automatic detection equipment for wheels of electric locomotive

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of locomotive wheel detection equipment and provides automatic detection equipment for electric locomotive wheels, which comprises a base, a positioning and transplanting mechanism, a rim-hub spacing measuring mechanism and a wheel hub outer side surface, wherein the base is provided with a sliding rail, the positioning and transplanting mechanism is arranged on the sliding rail of the base in a sliding manner and used for bearing wheels and driving the wheels to move and rotate at each measuring station, and the rim-hub spacing measuring mechanism is sequentially arranged on the base along the moving path of the positioning and transplanting mechanism and used for measuring the radial distance between the inner side surface of a rim of the wheel and the outer side surface of a hub. The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, has reasonable design and compact structure, automatically conveys the wheels to each measuring station along the preset path by the positioning transplanting mechanism, and sequentially completes the detection of a plurality of dimensional parameters by matching with a plurality of special measuring mechanisms, thereby realizing the automation of the whole process from loading and unloading, positioning and transplanting to measurement, remarkably improving the detection efficiency and reducing the manual intervention and operation time.

Inventors

• MIAO XUDONG
• KANG HONGYU
• ZHANG HAO

Assignees

• 无锡恩梯量仪科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260306

Claims (10)

1. 1. An automatic wheel inspection apparatus for an electric locomotive, comprising: the base is provided with a sliding rail; The positioning and transplanting mechanism is arranged on the sliding rail of the base in a sliding manner and is used for bearing wheels and driving the wheels to move and rotate at each measuring station; along the moving path of the positioning transplanting mechanism, the base is sequentially provided with: the rim-hub spacing measuring mechanism is used for measuring the radial distance between the inner side surface of the rim of the wheel and the outer side surface of the hub; The wheel diameter measuring mechanism comprises two wheel diameter measuring units symmetrically arranged on the base and used for measuring the outer diameter of the wheel; the thickness measuring mechanism comprises two thickness measuring units which are vertically symmetrically arranged on the base and is used for measuring the thickness of the web and the hub; the hub hole inner diameter measuring mechanism is used for measuring the inner diameter of the central hub hole of the wheel; And at least one radial plate hole diameter measuring mechanism for measuring the diameter of the mounting hole on the radial plate.
2. 2. An automatic wheel inspection apparatus for an electric locomotive as claimed in claim 1 wherein said positioning and transplanting mechanism: The transplanting frame is arranged on the sliding rail of the base in a sliding manner through a sliding block; the bearing unit comprises a plurality of bearings circumferentially arranged on the transplanting frame and is used for jointly lifting and supporting the bottom of the wheel and driving the wheel to rotate; the positioning unit comprises a plurality of positioning wheels which are circumferentially arranged on the transplanting frame, and each positioning wheel can move towards the axial direction of the surrounding structure so as to clamp the outer wall of the wheel rim from the side direction.
3. 3. The automatic wheel inspection device for an electric locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the rim-hub spacing measuring mechanism comprises a first mounting frame which is transversely fixed on the base, and a first servo motor screw device is mounted on the first mounting frame and is in driving connection with a first lifting frame; The bottom of the first lifting frame is provided with a hub outer diameter measuring unit and a rim inner diameter measuring unit in parallel; the hub outer diameter measuring unit comprises two hub outer diameter measuring assemblies which are arranged in pairs, and each assembly comprises a first mounting seat fixed on a first lifting frame, a first sensor pushed by a needle-type air cylinder and a first detecting rod connected with a measuring input end of the first sensor; the rim inner diameter measuring unit comprises two rim inner diameter measuring assemblies which are arranged in pairs, and each assembly comprises a second mounting seat fixed on the first lifting frame, a second sensor pushed by the needle-type air cylinder and a second detecting rod connected with the measuring input end of the second sensor.
4. 4. An automatic wheel inspection apparatus for an electric locomotive according to claim 1, wherein each of said wheel diameter measuring units comprises a second mounting bracket fixed to the base, said second mounting bracket having a second servomotor lead screw device drivingly connected thereto; The second lifting frame is characterized in that a third mounting seat is arranged at the bottom of the second lifting frame, and a third sensor which is pushed to move by a needle-shaped air cylinder is arranged on the third mounting seat.
5. 5. An automatic inspection apparatus for electric locomotive wheels as in claim 1 wherein each of said thickness measuring units comprises a third mounting bracket secured to the base, said third mounting bracket having a third servomotor lead screw means drivingly connected to a third crane; the third lifting frame is characterized in that a fourth mounting seat is arranged at the bottom of the third lifting frame, and a fourth sensor is arranged on the fourth mounting seat.
6. 6. The automatic detection device for the wheels of the electric locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the hub hole inner diameter measuring mechanism comprises a fourth mounting frame fixed on the base, and a fourth servo motor screw rod device is arranged on the fourth mounting frame and is in driving connection with a fourth lifting frame; The bottom of the fourth lifting frame is provided with an adjusting device which comprises a transverse screw rod driven by a micro motor, and a pair of sensor brackets are symmetrically connected with the transverse screw rod in a threaded manner; The bottom of each sensor bracket is provided with a plurality of fifth sensors which are pushed to move by the needle-shaped air cylinder.
7. 7. The automatic wheel inspection device of an electric locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the radial hole diameter measuring mechanism comprises a fifth mounting frame fixed on the base, and a fifth servo motor screw device is arranged on the fifth mounting frame and is in driving connection with a fifth lifting frame capable of moving transversely and vertically; The bottom of the fifth lifting frame is provided with an installation mechanism which comprises a fifth installation seat, and the center of the bottom of the fifth installation seat is provided with a hollow guide column which can be inserted into a spoke hole; A pair of sixth sensors are transversely arranged in the fifth mounting seat in a sliding manner, a third detection rod extending downwards is arranged at the input end of each sixth sensor, and the third detection rod is positioned in the middle cavity of the guide post and can extend out through a vertical notch on the side wall of the guide post; And the fifth mounting seat is also provided with a laser sensor for workpiece rotation alignment.
8. 8. The automatic detection device for the wheels of the electric locomotive according to claim 2, wherein a lifting bearing plate is arranged in the base and is positioned right below an initial station of the positioning and transplanting mechanism, and a positioning protrusion which can be inserted into a hub hole of the wheel is arranged at the top of the bearing plate.
9. 9. The automatic detection device for wheels of an electric locomotive as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an appearance defect detection mechanism, wherein the appearance defect detection mechanism comprises a sixth mounting frame fixed on the base, a sixth mounting seat capable of sliding along a vertical sliding rail on the surface of the sixth mounting frame is arranged on the sixth mounting frame, and an optical device for image acquisition of the surface of the wheel is arranged at the bottom of the sixth mounting seat.
10. 10. The automatic detection device for the wheels of the electric locomotive according to claim 9, wherein the optical device is hinged at the bottom of the sixth mounting seat through a hinge shaft, and a pitching adjusting unit is arranged in the appearance defect detection mechanism; The pitching adjusting unit comprises a fixed plate fixed at the bottom of the sixth installation frame, a guide groove is formed in the fixed plate, a lifting plate is arranged at the top of the optical equipment, a notch for the insertion of the fixed plate is formed in the top of the lifting plate, and a sliding rod inserted into the guide groove is arranged in the notch so as to enable pitching deflection to occur when the optical equipment ascends and descends along with the sixth installation seat.

Description

Automatic detection equipment for wheels of electric locomotive Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of locomotive wheel detection equipment, in particular to automatic detection equipment for wheels of an electric locomotive. Background In the field of rail transit, the wheels of an electric locomotive are used as key components for direct bearing and transmission, and the geometric dimensional accuracy (such as wheel diameter, rim-hub spacing, web thickness, hub hole and web hole diameter and the like) directly influences the running stability, safety and service life of the locomotive. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a strict and comprehensive dimensional inspection before and after wheel manufacturing, maintenance and assembly. Currently, for size detection of large and heavy wheels in the industry, traditional detection is mostly dependent on manual measurement by operators by using universal measuring tools such as calipers, micrometers, inner diameter gauges and the like. The wheels are large in size and heavy in weight, and need to be frequently lifted, turned over and positioned by means of crane equipment such as crown blocks and the like. The whole process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the detection efficiency is extremely low, and the beat requirement of batch production or centralized maintenance is difficult to meet, so that the automatic detection equipment for the wheels of the electric locomotive is provided. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the automatic detection equipment for the wheels of the electric locomotive, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, has reasonable design and compact structure, solves the problems of multiple tool types and long detection time in the existing wheel detection process, and improves the detection efficiency and the detection accuracy. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme that the automatic detection equipment for the wheels of the electric locomotive comprises: the base is provided with a sliding rail; The positioning and transplanting mechanism is arranged on the sliding rail of the base in a sliding manner and is used for bearing wheels and driving the wheels to move and rotate at each measuring station; along the moving path of the positioning transplanting mechanism, the base is sequentially provided with: the rim-hub spacing measuring mechanism is used for measuring the radial distance between the inner side surface of the rim of the wheel and the outer side surface of the hub; The wheel diameter measuring mechanism comprises two wheel diameter measuring units symmetrically arranged on the base and used for measuring the outer diameter of the wheel; the thickness measuring mechanism comprises two thickness measuring units which are vertically symmetrically arranged on the base and is used for measuring the thickness of the web and the hub; the hub hole inner diameter measuring mechanism is used for measuring the inner diameter of the central hub hole of the wheel; And at least one radial plate hole diameter measuring mechanism for measuring the diameter of the mounting hole on the radial plate. Preferably, the positioning and transplanting mechanism: The transplanting frame is arranged on the sliding rail of the base in a sliding manner through a sliding block; the bearing unit comprises a plurality of bearings circumferentially arranged on the transplanting frame and is used for jointly lifting and supporting the bottom of the wheel and driving the wheel to rotate; the positioning unit comprises a plurality of positioning wheels which are circumferentially arranged on the transplanting frame, and each positioning wheel can move towards the axial direction of the surrounding structure so as to clamp the outer wall of the wheel rim from the side direction. Preferably, the rim-hub spacing measuring mechanism comprises a first mounting frame which is transversely fixed on the base, and a first servo motor screw rod device is mounted on the first mounting frame and is in driving connection with a first lifting frame; The bottom of the first lifting frame is provided with a hub outer diameter measuring unit and a rim inner diameter measuring unit in parallel; the hub outer diameter measuring unit comprises two hub outer diameter measuring assemblies which are arranged in pairs, and each assembly comprises a first mounting seat fixed on a first lifting frame, a first sensor pushed by a needle-type air cylinder and a first detecting rod connected with a measuring input end of the first sensor; the rim inner diameter measuring unit comprises two rim inner diameter measuring assemblies which are arranged in pairs, and each assembly comprises a second mounting seat fixed on the first lifting frame, a second sensor pushed by the needle-type air cylinder and a second detecting rod connected with the measuring