CN-122016359-A - Cyclone separator monitoring system and method

CN122016359ACN 122016359 ACN122016359 ACN 122016359ACN-122016359-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized beds, and discloses a cyclone separator monitoring system and a cyclone separator monitoring method, wherein the real-time working efficiency is obtained by measuring the weight of materials trapped by a cyclone separator and the weight of escaped materials, the real-time working efficiency is matched with real-time operating parameters such as temperature, pressure difference and the like, a change model of the material quantity is established through data regression analysis, the corresponding material quantity and the working efficiency of the cyclone separator can be obtained through the model by obtaining the operation parameters such as temperature, pressure difference and the like, so that the cyclone separator is simply and reliably monitored directly, and the technical problem that the cyclone separator assessment method in the prior art is limited in accuracy, instantaneity and industrial applicability is solved.

Inventors

LIU XINGLEI
WANG XIAOLI
XIE HAOJIE
ZHANG MIN
XU GUOHUI
LIN SHANHU
WEI GENG
LI WEICHENG

Assignees

东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260203

Claims (8)

1. The cyclone separator monitoring system comprises a cyclone separator (1), wherein an inlet of the cyclone separator (1) is connected with an outlet of a circulating fluidized bed (3), a discharge port of the cyclone separator (1) is connected with a material returning device (2), a smoke outlet of the cyclone separator is connected with a dust remover (4), and the cyclone separator monitoring system is characterized in that a first weighing unit (201) is installed at the bottom of the material returning device (2), the first weighing unit (201) comprises a structure capable of closing or recovering fluidization wind of the material returning device (2), a second weighing unit (301) is installed at the bottom of the dust remover (4), a monitoring unit is arranged at the front end of the inlet of the cyclone separator (1), and comprises a temperature sensor, a differential pressure transmitter and a flow velocity measuring device, and a data acquisition processing unit is further arranged in signal connection with the first weighing unit (201), the second weighing unit (301) and the monitoring unit for receiving and processing acquired data in real time.
2. The cyclone separator monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the first weighing unit (201) comprises a load cell in signal connection with the data acquisition processing unit and a quick-closing valve for closing or recovering the fluidization wind of the return device (2).
3. Cyclone separator monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the second weighing unit (301) employs a device that can be used for weighing solid particles.
4. The cyclone separator monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone separator (1) is flexibly connected with the material returning device (2) and the dust remover (4), and the material returning device (2), the dust remover (4) and the rear end part are flexibly connected.
5. Cyclone separator monitoring method, adopt any one of the cyclone separator monitoring systems of claim 1-4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring parameters of a monitoring unit, namely a real-time temperature T, a differential pressure value delta P and a gas flow velocity v in real time when the whole circulating fluidized bed boiler is in a stable running state; S2, setting period time t0, and closing a fluidized air outlet of the material returning device (2) within a first set duration delta t1 when the period time t0 passes, acquiring weight change data of materials in the material returning device (2) at a first frequency by using the first weighing unit (201) during the period, uploading the weight change data to the data acquisition processing unit, calculating a weight change delta W (catch) by using the data acquisition processing unit, and obtaining that the flow rate of solid particles trapped by an internal cyclone separator in unit time is G (catch) =delta W (catch)/delta t1; S3, every time a period t0 passes, the second weighing unit (301) acquires an increased value delta W (escape) of the mass of escaping solid particles collected by the dust collector (4) during a second set duration delta t2, and uploads the increased value delta W (escape) to the data acquisition processing unit, and the data acquisition processing unit calculates the flow G (escape) =delta W (escape)/delta t2 of escaping solid particles; s4, calculating real-time material unit time flow G (total) and separation efficiency eta according to real-time unit time trapped material flow G (catch) and real-time unit time escape material flow G (escape), wherein G (total) =G (catch) +G (escape), and eta= (G (catch)/G (escape)) ×100%; And S5, according to the real-time data of T, delta P and v measured in the step S1, combining the real-time data of G (total), and establishing a continuous G (total) =f (T, delta P, v) model through data regression analysis, so that the corresponding G (total) value and the efficiency eta of the cyclone separator (1) can be obtained through monitoring the T, delta P and v.
6. The method for monitoring a cyclone separator according to claim 5, further comprising the steps of: and repeating the steps S1-S4 at intervals of a third set time length to acquire data for calibrating the model.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the step S2 is repeated N times (N >2, N is a natural number) for measuring the weight within Δt1 to obtain the weight change ΔW (catch).
8. The method for monitoring a cyclone separator according to claim 5, further comprising the steps of: An alarm unit is additionally arranged, the separation efficiency alarm threshold value and a fourth set time length t4 are preset, and when the duration time eta below the alarm threshold value reaches t4, the alarm unit sends out a warning signal.

Description

Cyclone separator monitoring system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized beds, in particular to a cyclone separator real-time monitoring and evaluating system and method. Background In industrial units such as Circulating Fluid Bed (CFB) boilers and petroleum catalytic cracking (FCC), cyclone devices are known as "heart units" of the system and serve the critical function of separating and returning solid particles from a high velocity gas stream. The performance of the gas-solid separation efficiency directly determines the operation efficiency, economy and safety of the whole system. In petroleum catalytic cracking processes, FCC catalysts are among the high cost expendable materials. If the cyclone efficiency is slightly reduced (e.g., from 99.9% to 99.5%), it will result in several tons or more of fine catalyst per day escaping into the flue and eventually being discharged to the atmosphere, resulting in significant material loss and environmental pollution. The core mechanism for realizing stable operation of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is material circulation, the efficiency of the cyclone separator directly influences the quantity and quality of circulating material, the reduction of separation efficiency can directly lead to the remarkable increase of the carbon content of fly ash, and the incomplete combustion loss of boiler machinery is increased, so that the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler is reduced, and the fuel cost is increased. The method for evaluating the performance of the cyclone separator generally adopts the following steps of 1, a constant-speed sampling method (an off-line reference method) which is regarded as a measurement mode with higher precision, but depends on manual operation, needs to be sampled in a high-temperature and high-dust environment, is time-consuming and laborious in process, cannot realize continuous on-line, is difficult to be used for real-time process control after a significant time exists, 2, a pressure drop detection method indirectly evaluates the operation state by monitoring the inlet-outlet pressure difference of the separator, but is influenced by multi-factor coupling such as gas flow, particle concentration and the like, is not in a single corresponding relation with the separation efficiency, and when the efficiency is reduced due to abrasion of internal components, the pressure drop change is often not obvious enough, so that effective early warning cannot be provided, 3, an outlet concentration optical measurement method generally only can acquire the concentration of outlet particles when an optical sensor such as a turbidity meter is installed in an outlet pipeline, can not directly obtain the separation efficiency under the condition that the inlet concentration data is not combined, in addition, the mirror surface of the sensor is easy to be polluted, the maintenance requirement is high, and the measurement result is greatly influenced by the physical properties of particles. The above evaluation methods have limitations in terms of accuracy, real-time, and industrial applicability. In view of the foregoing, the prior art lacks a method for directly, accurately, real-time, and reliably measuring the amount of material captured by a cyclone on-line, and calculating the efficiency of the cyclone based on the amount of material captured by the cyclone. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems that the cyclone separator evaluation method in the prior art has limitations in terms of accuracy, instantaneity and industrial applicability, the invention provides a cyclone separator monitoring system and a cyclone separator monitoring method. The cyclone separator monitoring system comprises a cyclone separator, wherein an inlet of the cyclone separator is connected with an outlet of a circulating fluidized bed, a discharge port of the cyclone separator is connected with a material returning device, a smoke outlet of the cyclone separator is connected with a dust remover, materials enter the cyclone separator from the circulating fluidized bed to carry out gas-solid separation, gas is transported to the dust remover through the smoke outlet, solids enter the material returning device through the discharge port, a first weighing unit is arranged at the bottom of the material returning device, the first weighing unit comprises a structure capable of closing or recovering fluidization wind of the material returning device, weight parameters of the materials in the material returning device are collected at a certain frequency after the fluidization wind outlet of the material returning device is closed, a second weighing unit is arranged at the bottom of the dust remover and used for collecting weight parameters of solid particles escaping from the dust remover, a monitoring unit is arranged at the front end of the inlet of the cyclone separator and compri