CN-122016365-A - Reconfigurable tunnel engineering pilot simulation system and method based on assembly type components

CN122016365ACN 122016365 ACN122016365 ACN 122016365ACN-122016365-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a reconfigurable tunnel engineering pilot simulation system and method based on assembly type components, which relate to the technical field of tunnel engineering experiments and simulations, and adopt a standardized lining ring and a preset working condition functional module to be combined, and a counterweight structure adaptation module is constructed to realize quick disassembly and replacement, so that the problems of poor defect controllability and difficult working condition adjustment of a traditional model are solved by combining a multi-module cooperative framework, and the invention has the advantages that: by adopting the factory prefabricated standardized lining ring module and the various preset working condition functional modules, the quick disassembly, replacement and assembly of different modules are realized by means of the accurate positioning guide mechanism and the locking fixing mechanism of the reconstruction adaptation module, the problems that the defect simulation of the traditional cast-in-situ tunnel pilot model is uncontrollable, the working condition adjustment needs to be integrally reconstructed are solved, and different disease working conditions such as cracks, holes, leakage and the like and new material testing scenes can be flexibly switched without large-area chiseling.

Inventors

DONG BAOSHENG
SU YIFAN
HUANG BIN
CHEN CHEN
GONG MINGZI
WANG TAO
Rao Xianpeng
WU JINSHUI
CAI HONGKUN
Mao Zequn

Assignees

中交一公局厦门工程有限公司
中交一公局绿建(厦门)科技有限公司
福建无疆建设有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260414

Claims (10)

1. A reconfigurable tunneling pilot simulation system based on fabricated components, the pilot simulation system comprising the following modules: The foundation support module is used for providing a stable bearing foundation and a standard connection interface so as to fix the standardized lining ring module, the preset working condition functional module and the foundation support module; The standardized lining ring module is formed by assembling a plurality of arc-shaped standard lining blocks to form a complete tunnel ring, and is divided into an initial support simulation ring, a waterproof layer simulation ring and a secondary lining simulation ring according to the tunnel structure level to simulate the structural form and the force transmission path of a healthy section of the tunnel; The preset working condition functional module is manufactured in a factory prefabrication mode, the external geometric dimension and the connecting interface are consistent with those of the standardized lining blocks, the corresponding standard blocks in the standardized lining ring module are directly replaced, and specific working conditions such as tunnel cracks, holes, leakage and material variation are simulated; the loading simulation module is used for simulating the ground stress of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and the external load environment of the water pressure type, adjusting the loading strength and the loading range according to the instruction of the system control module and matching the actual engineering load scene; The sensing monitoring module is used for acquiring response data of a strain, displacement and osmotic pressure type structure of a simulation main body structure through a built-in sensor, wherein the simulation main body structure is an integral structure formed by assembling a standardized lining ring module and a preset working condition functional module; the data acquisition module is used for receiving the data transmitted by the sensing monitoring module and performing primary processing of filtering and format conversion; the system control module is used for receiving the processing data of the data acquisition module and generating a loading control instruction and a module reconstruction instruction by combining preset parameters of a test scheme; and the reconstruction adaptation module is used for receiving a reconstruction instruction of the system control module and enabling the standardized lining building blocks to be quickly disassembled, replaced and assembled with the functional modules under preset working conditions based on the accurate positioning and locking mechanism.
2. The reconfigurable tunnel engineering pilot simulation system based on the assembly type components is characterized in that the foundation support module comprises a bearing foundation and embedded connecting assemblies, the embedded connecting assemblies are one or more combinations of embedded steel plates, bolt hole groups or faucet structures, the arrangement positions of the embedded connecting assemblies are in one-to-one correspondence with connection interfaces of the standardized lining ring modules and the preset working condition functional modules, the arrangement intervals are staggered with the splicing joint positions of the standard lining blocks, the bearing foundation is formed by casting reinforced concrete, the casting thickness is not less than 500mm, double-layer reinforcing steel meshes are arranged in the foundation, the spacing between the reinforcing steel meshes is 150-200mm, and the diameter of the reinforcing steel is not less than 16mm.
3. The reconfigurable tunnel engineering pilot simulation system based on the assembly type components is characterized in that in the standardized lining ring module, an initial support simulation ring is formed by alternately splicing a simulated sprayed concrete precast block and a steel arch precast unit through high-strength mechanical connectors, the section of the steel arch precast unit is one of I-shaped or H-shaped, the distance is 500-800mm, a waterproof layer simulation ring is of a frame type openable structure, the frame is made of aluminum alloy materials, the opening and closing angle range is 0-180 degrees, the gram weight of geotechnical cloth paved inside is 300-400g/m 2 , the thickness of the waterproof plate is 1.5-2.0mm, the waterproof plate and the frame are fixed through pressing strips, the secondary lining simulation ring is formed by reinforced concrete precast blocks, double-layer bidirectional reinforcing steel bars are arranged inside the precast blocks, the distance between the reinforcing steel bars is 100-150mm, and the diameter of the reinforcing steel bars is 12-16mm.
4. The reconfigurable tunneling pilot simulation system based on fabricated components of claim 3, wherein said pre-set operating mode functional module comprises at least two combinations of a crack module, a concrete failure module, a back defect module, a leakage module, a material testing module, and a strength variation module, and the crack equivalent operating width of said crack module is calculated based on the following formula: ; Wherein, the For the equivalent working width of the crack, i.e. the actual effective width of the crack during the test, For the initial width of the crack when prefabricated in the factory, For the crack width temperature correction coefficient, determining according to the difference between the test environment temperature and the prefabricated environment temperature, Is the difference between the test ambient temperature and the pre-fabricated ambient temperature; the void equivalent volume of the back defect module is calculated based on the following formula: ; Wherein, the Is equivalent volume of the cavity, namely the actual effective cavity volume after the lining is simulated, The cross-sectional area of the cavity is preset for the back of the module, the module is processed and molded by a prefabricated die to be a fixed value, The axial length of the functional module for presetting working conditions is completely consistent with the axial length of the standardized lining block, Is a cavity filling coefficient, and the value range is 0 to less than or equal to 1, Controlling the inflation amount of the inflatable air bag pre-embedded at the back of the back defect module and the inflation amount of the detachable filler based on the adjustment, when In the time of being in a complete hollow state, And 0 is a state without holes.
5. The reconfigurable tunneling simulation system of claim 4, wherein said load simulation module includes a hydraulic load cell, a load distribution assembly, and a pressure feedback sensor, and wherein the ground stress value simulated by said load simulation module is calculated based on the following equation: ; Wherein, the To simulate the ground stress value, i.e. the equivalent surrounding rock stress applied to the simulated body structure, For the correction coefficient of the surrounding rock grade, determining the I-grade surrounding rock according to the simulated surrounding rock grade Class II surrounding rock Class III surrounding rock Class IV surrounding rock V-stage surrounding rock , In order to simulate the weight of surrounding rock, the surrounding rock type of the actual tunnel engineering is selected, the value range is 18-26kN/m 3 , In order to simulate the burial depth of the tunnel, the value range is 5-100m according to the simulation working condition set by the test scheme, For loading efficiency coefficients, the mechanical efficiency and load transmission loss of the hydraulic loading unit are considered, the value range is 0.9-1.0, the hydraulic loading unit adopts a servo hydraulic control system, the loading rate is continuously adjusted within the range of 0.01-0.1MPa/s, the pressure control precision is +/-0.01 MPa, the load distribution assembly adopts a distributed arc-shaped bearing plate structure, the radian of the bearing plate is completely attached to the outer cambered surface of the simulation main body structure, the attaching gap is not more than 0.5mm, the bearing plate is made of Q355 steel, and the thickness is 20-30mm.
6. The reconfigurable tunnel engineering pilot simulation system based on the assembly type components of claim 5, wherein the sensing monitoring module comprises strain gages, displacement meters, osmometers and temperature sensors, the measurement precision level of all the sensors is not lower than 0.1 level, the strain gages are foil-type strain gages and are adhered to the inner and outer surfaces of standardized lining blocks and preset working condition functional modules, at least 3 strain gages are arranged on each key section of a vault, a arch, a side wall and a arch bottom, the displacement meters are stay wire type displacement sensors respectively arranged in the axial direction and the radial direction of a tunnel simulation main body structure, 1 strain gage is arranged in each axial direction of 2m, 1 strain gage is arranged in each arch, arch waist and side wall position of each key section, the osmometers are vibrating wire type osmometers and are arranged only in preset leakage channel inlet and outlet positions of the seepage modules, and the temperature sensors are platinum resistance temperature sensors and are arranged around the simulation main body structure and inside the preset working condition functional modules.
7. The reconfigurable tunnel engineering pilot simulation system based on the assembly type components of claim 6, wherein the data acquisition module comprises a data acquisition card, a signal amplifier and a data buffer unit, the signal amplifier is a programmable gain amplifier, weak electric signals output by the sensing and monitoring module are amplified to a recognizable range of the data acquisition card, meanwhile, environmental electromagnetic interference is restrained, the data acquisition card is a multi-channel synchronous acquisition card, the number of channels is not lower than 32, the data buffer unit adopts a solid state disk, the storage capacity is not lower than 100GB, and each data file comprises a data acquisition time stamp, a sensor number, a measured value and data check code information.
8. The reconfigurable tunnel engineering pilot simulation system based on the assembly type components of claim 7, wherein the system control module comprises an industrial control computer, control software and a signal output interface, the industrial control computer is used as a control core and supports visual setting of test parameters, the control software has the functions of setting the test parameters, real-time control of a loading process, real-time data display, abnormal alarming and data storage, the test parameter setting comprises a loading mode, a loading rate, a target load value and a data acquisition frequency, when structural response data acquired by the sensing monitoring module exceeds a preset threshold, the control software automatically triggers an alarm, simultaneously controls the loading simulation module to stop loading through the signal output interface, and stores all current test data, and the data transmission rate of the signal output interface is not lower than 100Mbps.
9. The reconfigurable tunnel engineering pilot simulation system based on the assembly type components of claim 8, wherein the reconfiguration adaptation module comprises a positioning guide mechanism, a locking fixing mechanism and a position detection sensor, the positioning guide mechanism adopts a conical positioning pin and positioning hole matching structure, the taper of the positioning pin is 1:50-100, the locking fixing mechanism adopts an electric bolt tightening device, the tightening torque can be continuously adjusted within the range of 50-500 N.m, the torque value is monitored in real time in the tightening process, the tightening is automatically stopped when the torque reaches a preset value, meanwhile, a locking completion signal is fed back, the position detection sensor adopts a laser displacement sensor, and an alarm signal is sent out when the position deviation exceeds an allowable range to prevent the locking operation in the replacement process of the real-time monitoring module.
10. A method of pilot simulation of a reconfigurable tunnel engineering based on fabricated components suitable for use in a pilot simulation system according to any of claims 1-9, the method comprising the steps of: S1, assembling a standardized lining ring, namely assembling a plurality of arc standard lining blocks to form a complete tunnel ring by utilizing a standard connection interface provided by a basic support module of the pilot scale simulation system, wherein the tunnel ring comprises an initial support simulation ring, a waterproof layer simulation ring and a secondary lining simulation ring; S2, installing a preset working condition functional module, namely replacing a corresponding standard block in the standardized lining ring by adopting a factory prefabricated preset working condition functional module through a reconstruction adaptation module of the pilot scale simulation system, and simulating tunnel cracks, holes, leakage and material variation defects; S3, applying external load, namely simulating surrounding rock ground stress and water pressure external load environment according to a test scheme by using a loading simulation module of the pilot scale simulation system, and loading the assembled simulation main body structure; s4, acquiring structural response data, namely acquiring strain, displacement and osmotic pressure data of a simulation main body structure through a sensing monitoring module of the pilot scale simulation system; S5, processing data and controlling loading, namely receiving and processing the acquired data by utilizing a data acquisition module of the pilot scale simulation system, and generating a loading control instruction by combining preset test parameters through a system control module to realize automatic control of the loading process; s6, a reconstruction replacing module, namely according to test requirements, completing quick disassembly, replacement and reassembly of the standardized lining building block and the functional module with the preset working condition through a positioning and locking mechanism of the reconstruction adapting module of the pilot-scale simulation system.

Description

Reconfigurable tunnel engineering pilot simulation system and method based on assembly type components Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering tests and simulation, in particular to a reconfigurable tunnel engineering pilot simulation system and method based on assembly type components. Background In the field of tunnel and underground engineering, pilot simulation is a key link for connecting theoretical research and practical engineering application, and has the core value of providing reliable data support for tunnel structure design optimization, new material and new process verification, disease control technology research and development by constructing a test platform close to real working conditions, increasingly highlighting technical challenges faced by tunnel engineering along with development of traffic infrastructure construction towards complex geological conditions, large span, deep excavation and other directions, and providing higher requirements for the accuracy, flexibility and high efficiency of pilot simulation; In addition, the traditional cast-in-place tunnel pilot model is limited by structural fixity, a single model needs to be integrally cast and molded according to specific working conditions, the occupied area is large, and when different structural forms or disease types are simulated, a plurality of independent models need to be additionally built, so that the requirement on a special test space is greatly increased, in an actual scientific research scene, the special space of most laboratories and test bases is limited, a plurality of groups of fixed models with different working conditions are difficult to be deployed at the same time, the cost of site planning and construction is increased, the requirement that scientific researchers develop a plurality of groups of comparison tests in the limited space cannot be met, and the popularization and high-efficiency application of the tunnel engineering pilot simulation technology are further restricted; The conventional tunnel engineering pilot simulation mainly builds a fixed model through cast-in-place concrete to develop a test, and has certain defects, firstly, defect simulation parameters of a traditional cast-in-place model are uncontrollable, working condition adjustment is needed to be carried out through integral chiseling and reconstruction, repeated construction is time-consuming and labor-consuming, test data consistency and comparability are insufficient, secondly, the model structure is fixed, so that field adaptability is poor, various structures and disease combinations cannot be simulated in a limited space, teaching practice and visual display functions are lacked, and application scenes are limited. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a reconfigurable tunnel engineering pilot simulation system and method based on assembly type components. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the technical scheme that the reconfigurable tunnel engineering pilot scale simulation system based on the assembly type components comprises the following modules: the foundation support module is used for providing a stable bearing foundation and a standard connection interface, so that the standardized lining ring module, the preset working condition functional module and the foundation support module are fixed, and the stability of the whole structure of the system is ensured; The standardized lining ring module is formed by assembling a plurality of arc-shaped standard lining blocks to form a complete tunnel ring, and is divided into an initial support simulation ring, a waterproof layer simulation ring and a secondary lining simulation ring according to the tunnel structure level to simulate the structural form and the force transmission path of a healthy section of the tunnel; The preset working condition functional module is manufactured in a factory prefabrication mode, the external geometric dimension and the connecting interface are consistent with those of the standardized lining blocks, the corresponding standard blocks in the standardized lining ring module are directly replaced, specific working conditions such as tunnel cracks, holes, leakage and material variation are simulated, and the plug-and-play characteristic is achieved; the loading simulation module is used for simulating the ground stress of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and the external load environment of the water pressure type, adjusting the loading strength and the loading range according to the instruction of the system control module and matching the actual engineering load scene; The sensing monitoring module is used for acquiring response data of a strain, displacement and osmotic pressure type structure of a simulation main body structure through a built-in sensor, wherein the simulation main body structure is an integral structure formed by assembling a standardized lini