CN-122016367-A - Sampling device for synchronously collecting solution and gas in-situ soil

CN122016367ACN 122016367 ACN122016367 ACN 122016367ACN-122016367-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil environment monitoring, in particular to a sampling device for synchronously collecting solution and gas in-situ soil, which is a set of sampling system by arranging a support frame unit, a sampling device arranged in the support frame unit, a driving device arranged on the support frame unit and a controller for controlling the driving device and the sampling device to be connected, wherein the sampling device comprises a hole digger for perforating, a collector for simultaneously collecting the soil solution and the gas from the perforated hole and a gas-liquid separation unit for separating the sampled solution and the gas; by synchronously, in-situ and isolated acquisition of soil solution and soil gas in the same drilling hole and the same depth, cross contamination and atmospheric interference are avoided, sampling efficiency and data comparability are remarkably improved, and a reliable technical means is provided for soil multi-medium environment research.

Inventors

HUA LANYING
JU DONG
CUI SIYUAN
ZHANG JIN
MIAO XIWEN
CHEN YU
FU PINGNAN

Assignees

北京市生态环境监测中心
北京市丰台区生态环境监测站

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260407

Claims (9)

1. A sampling device for synchronously collecting solution and gas in-situ soil is characterized by comprising a support frame unit, a sampling device arranged in the support frame unit, a driving device arranged on a top plate of the support frame unit and a controller for controlling the driving device and the sampling device, The support frame unit comprises a support frame with a supporting function, a top plate fixedly arranged at the top of the support frame and a bottom plate unit which is positioned at the bottom and detachably connected with the support frame; The sampling device comprises an outer cylinder unit, an indexing unit, a collector, a hole digger and a gas-liquid separation unit, wherein the two ends of the outer cylinder unit are fixedly arranged on the top plate and the bottom plate respectively, the indexing unit is rotatably arranged at the top end of an inner cavity of an outer cylinder arranged on the outer cylinder unit, the collector and the hole digger are hung on the indexing unit, and the gas-liquid separation unit is communicated with the collector; The indexing unit comprises a supporting turntable and a round rotating body positioned at the upper end, wherein the round rotating body is positioned on the same horizontal center circle, the perforating device and the collector are detachably hung, a positioning stop lever which horizontally extends out is arranged on the periphery of the round rotating body, two positioning units with a center included angle beta are arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, the positioning stop lever and the positioning units are matched and positioned, the round rotating body is rotated to switch the operation positions of the two, when the round rotating body is rotated to a first positioning unit, the perforating device is positioned at the operation position corresponding to a rack of the driving device, the collector is positioned at the waiting position, and when the round rotating body is rotated to a second positioning unit, the collector is positioned at the operation position corresponding to the rack, and the perforating device is positioned at the waiting position; the lower end of the rack of the driving device can be selectively connected with a tool of a working position in a detachable way, and the hole digger is driven to finish drilling operation or the collector is driven to finish synchronous gas-liquid sampling operation.
2. The sampling device for synchronously collecting solution and gas in-situ soil according to claim 1, wherein the support frame unit comprises a support frame which is positioned at the middle part and plays a supporting role, a top plate which is fixedly arranged at the top of the support frame, and a bottom plate unit which is positioned at the bottom and is detachably connected with the support frame, an annular cone press body which is convenient for entering the soil is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate unit, a bottom plate through hole for the hole digger to be inserted in a matching manner is arranged on the bottom plate, a sealing rubber sleeve is adhered to the periphery of the bottom plate through hole at the bottom of the bottom plate, a pressing block is arranged at the top of the edge of the bottom plate, and a level meter which is used for displaying the level state of the bottom plate is arranged on the pressing block.
3. The sampling device for synchronously collecting the solution and the gas in the in-situ soil according to claim 2, wherein the driving device comprises a motor, a gear and a rack which are driven by the motor and meshed with each other, a vertical plate is fixedly arranged on the top plate, a vertical guide rail matched with the rack is arranged in the middle of the vertical plate, the lower end of the rack is detachably connected with the hole digger or the collector, a top plate through hole which is positioned on the top plate and is penetrated by the guide rail coincides with a center line of a bottom plate through hole which is positioned on the bottom plate and is penetrated by the hole digger or the collector, and the hole digger or the collector is driven by the rack to move up and down to a preset position.
4. The sampling device for synchronously collecting the solution and the gas in the in-situ soil according to claim 3, wherein the outer cylinder unit comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cavity, an inner groove positioned at the upper end of the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and two positioning units with a center included angle beta arranged on the longitudinal wall of the inner groove, wherein a connecting disc fixedly connected with the top plate is further arranged at the top of the outer cylinder, a plug fixedly inserted into the bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder, a compression ring is sleeved at the lower end of the outer cylinder, the compression ring is compressed on the bottom plate through a fastener, and the outer cylinder is fastened.
5. The sampling device for synchronously collecting the solution and the gas in the in-situ soil according to claim 4, wherein the positioning unit comprises a short convex part, a concave part and a long convex part which are horizontally arranged along the inner groove, the positioning stop lever end part is fixed on the first positioning unit when the circular rotating body rotates to enable the positioning stop lever end part to slide through the short convex part to enter the concave part, and the positioning stop lever end part is fixed on the second positioning unit when the circular rotating body rotates reversely to enable the positioning stop lever end part to slide through the short convex part to enter the concave part.
6. The sampling device for synchronously collecting the solution and the gas in the in-situ soil according to claim 5, wherein the central axis of the round rotating body coincides with the central axis of the outer cylinder, a flange horizontally extending to the inner groove is arranged at the central part of the periphery of the round rotating body, the support turntable is placed at the bottom of the flange, the positioning stop lever horizontally extending is also arranged at the upper end of the flange, and a handle is arranged at the top of the round rotating body; The upper surface of the round rotating body is provided with two rotating body through holes on the same center circle, a pair of springs are arranged in the rotating body through holes and are respectively connected with the end parts of the hole digger and the collector in a pressing mode, the rotating body through holes on the Y axis correspond to the racks, and the springs are controlled by the controller to shrink or stretch out.
7. The sampling device for synchronously collecting the solution and the gas in the in-situ soil according to claim 6, wherein the hole digger and the collector have the same external dimensions and comprise a U-shaped connecting end at the upper end, a cylinder in the middle and a cone head at the lower end, the rack is inserted into the middle of the U-shaped connecting end and connected with the U-shaped connecting end, and the hole digger or the cylinder of the collector is tightly attached to the sealing rubber sleeve after penetrating through the through hole of the bottom plate.
8. The sampling device for synchronously collecting the solution and the gas in the in-situ soil according to claim 7, wherein the hole digger comprises a U-shaped connecting end, a cylindrical drill rod and a hole punching conical head; the collector sequentially comprises a U-shaped connecting end, a cylindrical collecting cylinder and a sampling cone, wherein the end part of a collecting pipe placed in the inner cavity of the collecting cylinder is communicated with the inner cavity of the cone through a final-stage filter screen, a plurality of collecting ring grooves are formed in the outer side of the sampling cone, water inlets are densely distributed in the wall of each collecting ring groove, a first-stage filter screen is covered on the outer wall of each collecting ring groove, filter cotton is placed in the inner cavity of the cone, and a second-stage filter screen is further arranged at the upper end of the inner cavity of the cone.
9. The sampling device for synchronously collecting the solution and the gas in the in-situ soil according to claim 8, wherein the gas-liquid separation unit comprises a gas-liquid reservoir fixedly arranged on the side wall of the outer cylinder, the top end of the gas-liquid reservoir is respectively communicated with the collecting pipe and an air suction pipe connected with an air pump in a sealing manner, the air pump is connected with the gas collecting tank, an upper sensor and a lower sensor for sensing the liquid level are further arranged on the inner wall of the gas-liquid reservoir, and a drain pipe which is detachably connected is arranged at the bottom of the gas-liquid reservoir.

Description

Sampling device for synchronously collecting solution and gas in-situ soil Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of soil environment monitoring, in particular to a sampling device for synchronously collecting solution and gas in-situ soil. Background At present, the soil solution and the soil gas are sampled by adopting independent devices respectively, and the problems of complex operation, low efficiency, poor data cooperativity and the like exist, and the concrete expression is as follows: 1. Limitations of soil solution sampling techniques The existing soil solution sampling mainly adopts an in-situ fixed-point continuous acquisition method, and negative pressure is established in a water taking head, so that soil pore water enters a sampling system under the action of potential difference, and the acquisition is stopped after the negative pressure and the soil water potential are balanced. Although continuous sampling can be realized, the vertical section or the drilling embedding device is required to be excavated in advance, the engineering amount in the laying process is large, the sampling bottle is required to be replaced or emptied manually for multiple times of sampling, and the operation is complicated. In addition, the traditional soaking extraction method needs laboratory treatment after soil sample collection, so that not only is the soil structure destroyed, but also in-situ continuous collection cannot be realized, and the time and space representativeness are limited. 2. Soil gas sampling technique defect The soil gas collection currently mainly depends on two methods, namely, firstly, a soil sample is extracted to the earth surface through a drilling machine and then is hermetically sampled, the method severely disturbs a soil layer in the drilling process, gas mixing at different depths is caused, the sample is easily polluted by the earth surface atmosphere in the transferring process, so that analysis results are distorted, secondly, the sampling hole is always directly communicated with the atmosphere in the drilling process due to the fact that a sampling pipe is buried in the drilling hole, gas exchange is difficult to be completely avoided even if the subsequent hole sealing is carried out, particularly, the influence on trace active gas is obvious, and the authenticity and the accuracy of sampling data are difficult to be ensured. 3. Comprehensive sampling inefficiency caused by system separation In the actual environment investigation and scientific research monitoring, the soil solution and the soil gas at the same position and at the same depth are synchronously collected, so as to compare and analyze the migration and transformation rules of substances in the two-phase medium. At present, two independent sampling systems are respectively arranged, so that equipment cost, drilling workload and field operation time are increased, space and time errors can be introduced due to factors such as device position difference and asynchronous sampling time, and the relevance and overall interpretation effectiveness of data are affected. Disclosure of Invention The invention discloses a sampling device for synchronously collecting solution and gas in-situ soil, and aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art. The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the sampling device for synchronously collecting the solution and the gas in the in-situ soil comprises a support frame unit, a sampling device arranged in the support frame unit, a driving device arranged on a top plate of the support frame unit and a controller for controlling the driving device and the sampling device, The support frame unit comprises a support frame with a supporting function, a top plate fixedly arranged at the top of the support frame and a bottom plate unit which is positioned at the bottom and detachably connected with the support frame; The sampling device comprises an outer cylinder unit, an indexing unit, a collector, a hole digger and a gas-liquid separation unit, wherein the two ends of the outer cylinder unit are fixedly arranged on the top plate and the bottom plate respectively, the indexing unit is rotatably arranged at the top end of an inner cavity of an outer cylinder arranged on the outer cylinder unit, the collector and the hole digger are hung on the indexing unit, and the gas-liquid separation unit is communicated with the collector; The indexing unit comprises a supporting turntable and a round rotating body positioned at the upper end, wherein the round rotating body is positioned on the same horizontal center circle, the perforating device and the collector are detachably hung, a positioning stop lever which horizontally extends out is arranged on the periphery of the round rotating body, two positioning units with a center included angle beta are arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, the positioning stop lever and the positioning units are m