CN-122016391-A - Soil sampling device and method for wetland nitrogen research

CN122016391ACN 122016391 ACN122016391 ACN 122016391ACN-122016391-A

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of soil sampling, and provides a soil sampling device and a soil sampling method for wetland nitrogen research. According to the soil sampling device and method for the wetland nitrogen research, the lifting motor, the first bevel gear, the lifting screw and the lifting slide are matched to connect the guiding limit of the guide pillar, so that mechanized operation of pressing down and lifting of the sampling steel pipe is realized, a traditional manual hammering mode is replaced, harm of severe physical activity to the health of operators in a plateau anoxic environment is effectively avoided, and the impact force generated by the piling mechanism and the static pressure provided by the lifting screw are utilized to cooperatively act, so that the broken tooth pipe can effectively break the surface soil and frozen soil layer of the plateau wetland, the efficiency and the success rate of deep soil sampling are remarkably improved, meanwhile, the device is light, and the influence on a test area can be effectively reduced.

Inventors

LU MENG
WEI HAO
SUN JIANBO
ZHOU SHAOQI

Assignees

云南大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260403

Claims (10)

1. Soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research, characterized by comprising: The device comprises a bearing disc, a touch panel and sampling steel pipes, wherein the bearing disc is positioned right above the touch panel, two connecting guide posts are fixedly arranged between the bottom of the bearing disc and the top of the touch panel so as to connect the two connecting guide posts, the sampling steel pipes are arranged between the bearing disc and the touch panel, the sampling steel pipes are positioned between the two connecting guide posts, the sampling steel pipes are arranged in parallel with the connecting guide posts, and the sampling steel pipes penetrate through the touch panel in a sliding manner and are used for being inserted into the ground for sampling; the bottom end of the sampling steel pipe is fixedly provided with a broken tooth pipe for breaking earth when the sampling steel pipe is inserted into the ground; The bearing plate and the touch plate are rotatably provided with the same lifting screw, the lifting screw and the two connecting guide posts are arranged in parallel, the two connecting guide posts are slidably provided with the same lifting slide plate, the lifting slide plate is positioned above the sampling steel pipe, the lifting slide plate is sleeved on the lifting screw in a threaded manner so that the lifting screw drives the lifting slide plate to lift, the lifting slide plate is fixedly provided with a power shell, the power shell is provided with a piling mechanism, the top end of the sampling steel pipe is provided with a connecting round seat, and the top of the connecting round seat is movably connected with the bottom of the power shell, so that the piling mechanism on the power shell drives the connecting round seat, the sampling steel pipe and the broken tooth pipe to descend gradually; The top fixed mounting of loading tray has elevator motor, elevator motor's output shaft and elevator screw's top all fixed mounting have the conical gear one, two conical gear one meshes mutually.
2. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research according to claim 1, wherein the ground contact plate is provided with a pipe penetrating hole, and the broken tooth pipe and the sampling steel pipe can pass through the pipe penetrating hole.
3. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research as claimed in claim 2, wherein at least two storage openings are formed in the inner wall of the pipe penetrating hole, extension plates are slidably mounted in the at least two storage openings, arc-shaped clamping blocks are fixedly mounted at one ends of the at least two extension plates, the at least two arc-shaped clamping blocks are used for supporting the sampling steel pipe when in friction contact with the sampling steel pipe, at least two fixed-length bolts are mounted at the top of the touch plate, and the ends of the at least two fixed-length bolts are respectively abutted against the tops of the at least two extension plates and are used for positioning the extension plates and the arc-shaped clamping blocks.
4. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research as claimed in claim 1, wherein a butt-joint cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connection circular base, the butt-joint cylinder is inserted from the top end of the sampling steel pipe, the butt-joint cylinder and the sampling steel pipe are connected by adopting a connection bolt, the diameter of the butt-joint cylinder is the same as the inner diameter of the sampling steel pipe, and the bottom of the connection circular base is attached to the top end of the sampling steel pipe.
5. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the power shell is provided with a connecting groove, the power shell is positioned above the connecting groove and provided with a power cavity, the top of the connecting circular seat is provided with a butt-joint circular groove, the bottom of the power shell is slidably inserted into the butt-joint circular groove through the connecting groove so that the power shell and the connecting circular seat are movably connected, and the lifting slide plate drives the power shell to descend to continuously provide a downward force for the connecting circular seat and the sampling steel pipe.
6. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research according to claim 5, wherein the piling mechanism comprises a piston sheet slidably mounted in the power cavity, a piston column is slidably mounted on the top inner wall of the connecting groove in a penetrating manner, the top end of the piston column extends into the power cavity and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the piston sheet, a preparation gap is formed between the bottom end of the piston column and the top of the connecting circular seat, the preparation gap is less than or equal to half of the depth of the butt joint circular groove, a return spring is sleeved on the piston column, the top end of the return spring is abutted against the bottom of the piston sheet, the bottom end of the return spring is abutted against the bottom inner wall of the power cavity, the return spring is used for returning the piston sheet and the piston column, a power shaft is rotatably mounted in the power cavity, the power shaft is positioned above the piston sheet, a cam is fixedly sleeved on the power shaft, the outer edge of the cam is in contact with the top of the piston sheet, the distance between the piston sheet and the piston column is greater than the preparation gap so as to form a reciprocating gap for knocking the top of the connecting circular seat, one side of the power shell is fixedly provided with an output shaft of the motor, the power shaft and the two bevel gears are fixedly meshed with two bevel gears.
7. The soil sampling device for studying wetland nitrogen according to claim 6, wherein the piston plate is provided with an air pressure balance hole, the bearing plate is provided with an avoidance hole, and the power shell and the lifting motor can freely pass through the avoidance hole.
8. The soil sampling device for studying wetland nitrogen according to claim 6, wherein a controller is fixedly installed at the top of the carrying tray, the controller is connected with the lifting motor and the power motor, and a circular handle is fixedly installed at the outer part of the carrying tray.
9. The soil sampling device for studying wetland nitrogen according to claim 1, wherein the foot pedals are fixedly installed on both sides of the touch panel for foot stabilization, and the ground nails are fixedly installed on the bottom of the touch panel for ground stabilization.
10. A method of operating a soil sampling apparatus for wet land nitrogen research as defined in any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of: Preparing a device, namely pouring the device, inserting a manual hand-held sampling steel pipe into the device through a pipe hole of a touch floor to enable a broken tooth pipe to be positioned at the bottom, then installing a connecting round seat at the top of the sampling steel pipe, enabling a butt joint cylinder to be inserted into the top end of the sampling steel pipe and fixed by adopting a connecting bolt, then adjusting a butt joint round groove at the top end of the connecting round seat to be embedded with the bottom of a power shell, loosening a fixed-length bolt, pulling an extension plate, enabling an arc-shaped clamping block to be clamped outside the sampling steel pipe, and ensuring that the sampling steel pipe cannot freely slide under the gravity; Step two, sampling operation, namely erecting the device, enabling the ground contact plate and the broken tooth pipe to face the ground, stepping on the pedal plate by two feet, pinning the ground, enabling the broken tooth pipe to correspond to the sampling ground, loosening a fixed-length bolt, adjusting the fixed tightness of an arc-shaped clamping block to the sampling steel pipe, enabling the arc-shaped clamping block to stably guide the descending and ascending of the sampling steel pipe, then operating a controller to synchronously start a lifting motor and a power motor, enabling the lifting motor to drive the lifting screw to rotate by adopting a first conical gear, enabling the lifting sliding plate to slide downwards, enabling the power shell to abut against a connecting circular seat to move downwards, enabling the broken tooth pipe and the sampling steel pipe to slide downwards gradually to enter the ground, enabling the power motor to drive a power shaft to rotate by adopting a second conical gear, enabling a cam to match with a reset spring to enable a piston sheet and a piston column to slide upwards and downwards, enabling the broken tooth pipe and the sampling steel pipe to easily enter the ground until the sampling steel pipe reaches a designated depth; and thirdly, extracting soil, binding the positions of the sampling steel pipes and the connecting circular seat by adopting ropes, binding the sampling steel pipes and the lifting sliding plate, shaking the device to loosen the soil, and finally starting an output shaft of the lifting motor to reversely lift and reset the soil, so that the sampling steel pipes carry the soil inside to be pulled away from the ground, wherein the device can be slightly inclined in the process, and the sampling effect is improved.

Description

Soil sampling device and method for wetland nitrogen research Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and particularly relates to a soil sampling device and method for wetland nitrogen research. Background The circulation of carbon and nitrogen in the ecosystem is the most central and important component in the circulation of substances and energy flowing process of the earth system, the nitrogen enriched in the ecosystem leaks through different forms in the circulation process (Schlesinger 2009; lu et al 2011 a) in the form of nitrogen sedimentation, a series of ecological environment problems such as soil acidification, reduced biodiversity, eutrophication of water bodies and the like are generated (Vitousek et al 1997; fu et al 2020), the theory of ecological chemometry shows that the carbon, the nitrogen and the phosphorus of organisms and the environment have close relationship in the composition ratio and interaction (Redfield 1958; cleveland Liptzin, 2007), and therefore, the increase of the nitrogen input has important influence on the bio-earth chemical circulation of carbon and nitrogen elements and the structure and the function of the ecosystem. In order to study wetland nitrogen, soil in an experimental area needs to be sampled, the current operation mode is that the total biomass underground is collected and measured before the experiment starts, and root growth bags are buried, wherein each experimental sample is divided into 4 equal parts, holes are randomly drilled in the sample by adopting steel pipes with the inner diameter of 5cm and the length of 150 cm in each equal part, three layers of samples are respectively taken, namely 0-20cm,20-50cm and 50-100cm, and the biomass underground part is measured by washing, sieving and drying the samples. In order to reduce the influence to the plateau area, large-scale equipment is difficult to carry, adopts artifical hammering mainly to the mode of driving into of steel pipe at present, and not only operating efficiency is low, and violently moves and influence healthy in the plateau area, and is comparatively dangerous, and the sampling device of easy carrying broken soil auger structure is difficult to take out different degree of depth soil entirely, does not suit the demand of this experiment. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a soil sampling device and a soil sampling method for wetland nitrogen research, and aims to solve the problem that the shape of food is easily damaged and the appearance of the food is affected due to the fact that the overturning is easy in the frying process of a shovel used at present in the background technology. The soil sampling device for the wetland nitrogen research comprises a bearing disc, a contact plate and sampling steel pipes, wherein the bearing disc is positioned right above the contact plate, two connecting guide posts are fixedly arranged between the bottom of the bearing disc and the top of the contact plate so as to enable the bearing disc and the contact plate to be connected, the sampling steel pipes are placed between the bearing disc and the contact plate, the sampling steel pipes are positioned between the two connecting guide posts, the sampling steel pipes are parallel to the connecting guide posts and penetrate through the contact plate in a sliding manner and are used for being inserted into the ground for sampling, a broken tooth pipe is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the sampling steel pipes and is used for breaking soil when the sampling steel pipes are inserted into the ground, the bearing disc and the contact plate are rotatably provided with the same lifting screw, the lifting screw is parallel to the two connecting guide posts, the same lifting screw is slidably arranged on the two connecting guide posts, the lifting slide is positioned above the sampling steel pipes, the lifting slide is sleeved on the lifting screw in a threaded manner so as to enable the lifting screw to drive the lifting screw to lift, a lifting motor is fixedly arranged on the lifting screw, a power seat is fixedly arranged on the lifting motor, a conical motor is fixedly arranged on the lifting motor, a power seat is fixedly arranged on the lifting motor, and is fixedly arranged on the lifting motor. Preferably, the ground contact plate is provided with a pipe penetrating hole, and the ground breaking tooth pipe and the sampling steel pipe can pass through the pipe penetrating hole. Preferably, at least two storage openings are formed in the inner wall of the pipe penetrating hole, at least two extension plates are slidably mounted in the storage openings, at least two arc-shaped clamping blocks are fixedly mounted at one ends of the extension plates, which are located at the sampling steel pipes, at least two arc-shaped clamping blocks are used for supporting the sampling steel pipes when in friction contact with the sampling steel pipes, at least two