CN-122016392-A - Gravity sampler for submarine placer sampling and sampling method

CN122016392ACN 122016392 ACN122016392 ACN 122016392ACN-122016392-A

Abstract

The invention provides a gravity sampler for sampling submarine placer and a sampling method, relates to gravity sampling technology, and particularly discloses a sampling tube which is arranged in a counterweight tube in a sliding manner; the inner wall of the counterweight pipe is provided with a limiting structure for limiting the sliding of the sampling pipe in the counterweight pipe, the counterweight pipe is internally provided with a reaction chamber, the sampling pipe is internally provided with a storage chamber communicated with the reaction chamber, a first reactant is arranged in the reaction chamber, the storage chamber is internally provided with a second reactant, the sampling pipe is internally provided with a pushing structure for pushing the second reactant into the reaction chamber, an opening and closing structure for communicating the reaction chamber and the storage chamber is arranged between the reaction chamber and the storage chamber, the outer side of the sampling pipe is provided with a triggering structure linked with the opening and closing structure, when the triggering structure acts, the opening and closing structure enables the reaction chamber to be communicated with the storage chamber, the pushing structure pushes the second reactant in the storage chamber into the reaction chamber to react with the reaction chamber, a pushing force is generated in the reaction chamber, and the pushing force acts on the sampling pipe to push the sampling pipe from the counterweight pipe.

Inventors

LI YUANQING
CHEN FEIXIANG
TIAN ZHENHUAN
WANG JIGANG
LIU BOYUAN
WANG LIN
Shao Yanqin

Assignees

山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第一地质大队（山东省第一地质矿产勘查院）

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260410

Claims (10)

1. The gravity sampler for the submarine placer sampling is characterized by comprising a counterweight pipe and a sampling pipe, wherein the sampling pipe is arranged in the counterweight pipe in a sliding manner; A limiting structure is arranged on the inner wall of the counterweight pipe and used for limiting the sliding of the sampling pipe in the counterweight pipe; A reaction chamber is arranged in the balance weight pipe, a storage chamber communicated with the reaction chamber is arranged in the sampling pipe, and a first reactant is arranged in the reaction chamber; a pushing structure for pushing the second reactant into the reaction chamber is arranged in the sampling tube; An opening and closing structure for communicating the reaction chamber and the storage chamber is arranged between the reaction chamber and the storage chamber, and a triggering structure linked with the opening and closing structure is arranged on the outer side of the sampling tube; When the trigger structure acts and the opening and closing structure is opened, the reaction chamber is communicated with the storage chamber, the pushing structure in the sampling tube pushes the second reactant in the storage chamber into the reaction chamber and reacts with the first reactant, then thrust is generated in the reaction chamber, the limiting structure is unlocked under the pushing of the sampling tube, and then the sampling tube is pushed out of the counterweight tube.
2. The gravity sampler for submarine sand sampling according to claim 1, wherein the limiting structure comprises a mounting groove arranged on the inner side wall of the counterweight pipe, a limiting claw is rotationally arranged in the mounting groove, a part of the sampling pipe is embedded in a limiting area of the limiting claw, a limiting strip is arranged on the outer side wall of the sampling pipe, a telescopic body connected with the limiting claw is arranged in the mounting groove, a guide groove matched with the limiting strip is arranged on the side wall of the limiting claw, and a guide inclined plane is arranged on one side, close to the limiting claw, of the limiting strip.
3. The gravity sampler for submarine placer sampling according to claim 1 is characterized in that the pushing structure comprises a sliding seat arranged in the sampling tube in a sliding mode, a floater is arranged in the sliding seat, a sealing ring which is in butt joint with the inner wall of the sampling tube is arranged on the outer side wall of the sliding seat, an exhaust hole is formed in the outer side wall of the sampling tube, in an initial state, the sliding seat shields the exhaust hole, the sliding seat moves upwards along with the floater after a storage cavity is communicated with a reaction cavity, and the exhaust hole is communicated with the outside.
4. The gravity sampler for seafloor placer sampling according to claim 3, wherein the opening and closing structure comprises a storage cylinder arranged at the top of the sampling tube, the second reactant is stored in the storage cylinder, a sealing seat is arranged at one end of the storage cylinder facing the reaction chamber, a sealing block is slidably arranged in the sealing seat, the sealing block is in transmission connection with the triggering structure, and a rubber gasket is arranged at the end part of the storage cylinder, which is away from the reaction chamber.
5. The gravity sampler for submarine sand sampling according to claim 4, wherein the triggering structure comprises a delayer and an electromagnetic push-pull rod which are arranged at the top of the sampling tube, the electromagnetic push-pull rod is electrically connected with the delayer, the top of the sampling tube is provided with a mounting frame, a pull rod is arranged in the mounting frame in a sliding manner along the vertical direction, the pull rod is connected with a sealing block, a reset spring which is abutted with the mounting frame is sleeved on the pull rod, and the telescopic end of the electromagnetic push-pull rod is in transmission connection with the pull rod.
6. The gravity sampler for seafloor placer sampling according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of guide pipes communicated with the reaction chamber are arranged on the outer side wall of the counterweight pipe in a surrounding manner, an anchoring rod is arranged in the guide pipe in a sliding manner along the extending direction of the guide pipe, a piston connected with the guide pipe in a sliding manner is arranged on the outer side wall of the anchoring rod, a conical head is arranged at the end part of the anchoring rod, an assembly opening is formed in the outer side wall of the conical head, an anchoring claw is arranged in the assembly opening in a rotating manner, and a spring pulling sheet connected with the anchoring claw is arranged in the assembly opening.
7. The gravity sampler for seafloor placer sampling of claim 6, wherein a partition plate is arranged in the reaction chamber, the partition plate divides the reaction chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber, the second chamber is positioned between the first chamber and the sampling tube and is communicated with the storage cylinder, the first chamber is communicated with the guide tube, and a communication structure is arranged between the first chamber and the second chamber.
8. The gravity sampler for submarine placer sampling according to claim 7, wherein the communication structure comprises a valve seat arranged on the partition board, an opening and closing block is arranged in the valve seat in a sliding mode, a traction rope connected with the opening and closing block is arranged on the piston, and a movement blocking structure for limiting the opening and closing block is arranged on the valve seat.
9. The gravity sampler for seafloor placer sampling according to claim 8, wherein the blocking structure comprises a frame body arranged on the partition plate, a guide rod connected with the opening and closing block is arranged on the frame body in a sliding mode, and a telescopic spring connected with the frame body is sleeved on the guide rod.
10. A sampling method based on a gravity sampler for sampling a submarine sand mine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of: The assembled sampler is lifted from the operation ship body to the sea through a cable, and the sampler freely sinks by means of the gravity of the counterweight tube until reaching a seabed sediment layer; When the sampler contacts the sea floor, the triggering structure in the sampler is triggered or started in a delayed manner, and the opening and closing structure is driven to be opened, so that the reaction chamber and the storage chamber are communicated with each other; After the opening and closing structure is opened, the pushing structure acts under the action of seawater pressure or buoyancy, and pushes the second reactant in the storage cavity into the reaction cavity, and the second reactant is mixed with the first reactant to perform chemical reaction, so that high-pressure gas is generated in the reaction cavity; When the anchoring rod extends to a preset position, the communication structure is opened through the linkage mechanism, so that the pressure in the reaction cavity enters the second cavity from the first cavity and acts on the whole sampling tube; And lifting up a cable, recycling the whole sampler which is completed to be sampled to a ship deck, and taking out the sampling tube containing the columnar sediment sample from the counterweight tube.

Description

Gravity sampler for submarine placer sampling and sampling method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of gravity sampling, in particular to a gravity sampler for submarine placer sampling and a sampling method. Background The exploration and evaluation of submarine placer, a gravity sampler is one of the key equipment for obtaining such samples, which falls freely from the ship by means of its own gravity, and the kinetic energy of the falling end is used to penetrate the sampling tube into the seabed sediment layer. However, in practical applications, the conventional gravity sampler, especially in deep sea or in sea areas where the substrate is dense and cemented, has penetration force only from kinetic energy converted from gravitational potential energy of the sampler itself. In a deep water area ranging from tens of meters to kilometers, due to the influence of cable drag, water flow resistance and the like, the launching speed is limited, so that the tail end speed of the sampler when reaching the sea bottom is low, the penetrating force of the sampler is insufficient, a sampling tube in the sampler is difficult to obtain samples with enough length, and a harder surface layer cannot be penetrated when serious, and sampling cannot be completed. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a gravity sampler for submarine placer sampling and a sampling method, which can solve the problems of the background technology aiming at the defects of the prior art. The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides a gravity sampler for sampling submarine placer, which comprises a weight tube and a sampling tube, wherein the sampling tube is arranged in the weight tube in a sliding manner; the inner wall of the counterweight pipe is provided with a limiting structure for limiting the sliding of the sampling pipe in the counterweight pipe; the balance weight pipe is internally provided with a reaction chamber, the sampling pipe is internally provided with a storage chamber communicated with the reaction chamber, and the reaction chamber is internally provided with a first reactant; a pushing structure for pushing the second reactant into the reaction chamber is arranged in the sampling tube; An opening and closing structure for communicating the reaction chamber and the storage chamber is arranged between the reaction chamber and the storage chamber, and a triggering structure linked with the opening and closing structure is arranged on the outer side of the sampling tube; When the trigger structure acts and the opening and closing structure is opened, the reaction chamber is communicated with the storage chamber, the pushing structure in the sampling tube pushes the second reactant in the storage chamber into the reaction chamber and reacts with the first reactant, the pushing force is generated in the reaction chamber, the limiting structure is unlocked under the pushing of the sampling tube, and then the sampling tube is pushed out of the counterweight tube. In some technical schemes of the invention, the limiting structure comprises a mounting groove arranged on the inner side wall of the counterweight pipe, a limiting claw is rotationally arranged in the mounting groove, a part of the sampling pipe is embedded in the limiting area of the limiting claw, a limiting strip is arranged on the outer side wall of the sampling pipe, a reset spring which is abutted to the limiting claw is arranged in the mounting groove, a guide groove matched with the limiting strip is arranged on the side wall of the limiting claw, and a guide inclined plane is arranged on one side, close to the limiting claw, of the limiting strip. In some technical schemes of the invention, the pushing structure comprises a sliding seat arranged in the sampling tube in a sliding way, a floater is arranged in the sliding seat, and a sealing ring which is abutted with the inner wall of the sampling tube is arranged on the outer side wall of the sliding seat. In some technical schemes of the invention, the opening and closing structure comprises a storage cylinder arranged at the top of the sampling tube, a second reactant is stored in the storage cylinder, a sealing seat is arranged at one end of the storage cylinder facing the reaction chamber, a sealing block is slidably arranged in the sealing seat, the sealing block is in transmission connection with the triggering structure, and a rubber gasket is arranged at the end part of the storage cylinder, which is far away from the reaction chamber. In some technical schemes of the invention, the triggering structure comprises a delayer and an electromagnetic push-pull rod which are arranged in the top of the sampling tube, the electromagnetic push-pull rod is electrically connected with the delayer, the top of the sampling tube is provided with a mounting frame, a pull rod is arranged in the mounting frame in a sliding manner along the