CN-122016397-A - Water quality sampling bottle for high-altitude remote areas and sampling method thereof

CN122016397ACN 122016397 ACN122016397 ACN 122016397ACN-122016397-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a water quality sampling bottle for a high-altitude remote area, which is provided with a liquid releasing device and a sample mixing device, wherein the liquid releasing device is quickly and tightly arranged with the sampling bottle and can quantitatively and slowly release a fixing agent, the sample mixing device does not need external power, and the fixing agent is prefabricated and simultaneously contains components for fixing COD and ammonia nitrogen.

Inventors

LU SIJIN
KANG JING
LI MINGSHENG
LIU HAIJIANG
ZHOU JIONG

Assignees

中国环境监测总站

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260311

Claims (10)

1. A water quality sampling bottle for high altitude remote areas is characterized in that, The sampling bottle is provided with a liquid releasing device and a sample mixing device, the liquid releasing device is rapidly and tightly arranged with the sampling bottle and can quantitatively and slowly release the fixing agent, and the sample mixing device does not need to provide power externally; The fixing agent is prefabricated and contains components for fixing COD and ammonia nitrogen.
2. The water quality sampling bottle for the high-altitude remote area of claim 1, wherein the fixing agent comprises, by mass, 10-18 parts of modified potassium persulfate, 12-20 parts of modified tea saponin, 5-8 parts of citric acid-sodium citrate buffer solution, 3-5 parts of dibutyl phthalate and 20-35 parts of deionized water, and the modified tea saponin is obtained by modifying tea saponin with ethanolamine.
3. The water quality sampling bottle for high altitude remote areas according to claim 1, wherein the fixing agent further comprises 8-12 parts of modified aluminosilicate and/or 3-6 parts of disodium edetate, and the modified aluminosilicate is obtained by modifying aluminosilicate with ethanolamine.
4. The water quality sampling bottle in the high altitude remote area of claim 1, wherein the sample mixing device is located at the bottom of the bottle body and is fixedly connected with the bottle body, and the water quality sampling bottle is impact-resistant and not falling off.
5. A water quality sampling bottle in a high altitude remote area as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottle neck is a screw thread interface, provided with a main-auxiliary high elastic fluororubber, a silica gel O-ring and an external flexible silica gel sealing ring.
6. A water sampling bottle for use in high altitude remote areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid release means comprises a metering bin, a rotary scale needle valve, an adjustable flow needle valve, a transparent visual window and a built-in damping system.
7. A water sampling bottle for high altitude remote areas according to claim 6, wherein the volume of the measuring chamber is 0.5-10ml, and/or the rotary scale needle valve is provided with a reset spring, the minimum adjustment is 0.1ml, and/or the adjustable flow rate needle valve is adjusted within the range of 0.1ml/min-1ml/min.
8. A water sampling method in a high altitude remote area, which adopts the sampling bottle according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to collect water samples, and is characterized in that a fixing agent is placed in a liquid slow-release device of the sampling bottle in advance, the water samples are directly collected into the sampling bottle, and the liquid release device is directly transported after being screwed at a bottleneck by screw thread installation.
9. A method of sampling water in a remote high altitude area according to claim 8, wherein the liquid release means is adjusted during transportation to control slow release of the desired fixative to the bottle water sample.
10. A water sampling method in a remote area with high altitude according to claim 8, wherein the collected water sample is surface water, domestic sewage and industrial wastewater water sample with COD concentration of 50-5000mg/L and ammonia nitrogen concentration of 0.5-100 mg/L.

Description

Water quality sampling bottle for high-altitude remote areas and sampling method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of water sample monitoring, in particular to water sample collection and remote transportation in high-altitude remote areas. Background The water quality of high altitude remote areas (such as Qinghai-Tibet plateau in China, western mountain in the United states and the like) is not only a core index of regional ecological environment, but also a key carrier for researching global climate change, glacier evolution and geological weathering process. However, the areas have high altitude, bad weather and inconvenient traffic, and the water quality sampling and sample preservation face a plurality of special problems. On one hand, the long-distance, long-time and jolt transportation is extremely easy to cause leakage, breakage or sample deterioration of a sampling bottle, the pressure in a plateau environment is low, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the common bottle body is easy to deform under negative pressure or seal to lose efficacy, on the other hand, the sample in a high-altitude area also has the problem of long transportation period, and ammonia nitrogen is easy to be subjected to morphological transformation due to microbial decomposition and chemical oxidation after water sample collection. Thus, samples from the collection point to the laboratory in high altitude remote areas often exceed conventional shelf life. Related researches show that under the condition of refrigerating, the water quality samples of the American western mountain lakes have no obvious change in each index within 48 hours, and after the water quality samples are stored for more than 48 hours, 6 indexes such as pH, na +、NH4+ and the like have statistically obvious changes. At present, after sampling water quality in high altitude remote areas, fixing agents (such as pH regulator and preservative) are generally added to ensure that the components of the water sample are unchanged. The fixative corresponding to different monitoring projects (such as nutrient salts, heavy metals, organic matters, cyanide and the like) is obviously different. The traditional fixative has strong corrosiveness like sulfuric acid and can not be reversed after acidification, and the traditional fixative is mainly used for separately aiming at COD or ammonia nitrogen, needs to add different fixatives twice, has complicated operation and is easy to interfere detection results due to reagent interaction (such as data distortion caused by oxidizing ammonia nitrogen by potassium dichromate), chloride ions and sulfides in water body can interfere COD measurement, and ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate due to microbial activity, so that concentration accuracy is affected. In addition, the fixing agent (such as mercury sulfate) containing heavy metals such as mercury, chromium and the like is easy to cause secondary pollution, and the subsequent waste liquid treatment cost is high. However, the sampling bottles disclosed in the prior patent CN217766032U (a water quality sampling bottle), CN204675027U (a quantitative mixing container) and the like cannot be suitable for high altitude remote areas. The method is characterized in that the plateau environment is low in air pressure and large in temperature difference, the common bottle body is easy to deform under negative pressure or is invalid in sealing, and a fixing agent (such as a pH regulator and a preservative) is added after sampling to ensure that the components of a water sample are unchanged, but the fixing agent is not released uniformly, so that the sample is insufficiently mixed, and the accuracy of an analysis result is influenced. The quantitative and slow release of the fixing agent cannot be realized, additional external power is required, the fixing agent cannot be completely fused with a water sample in a short time, the cooperative fixation of COD-ammonia nitrogen cannot be realized, and in order to shield interfering substances, an additional scavenger, a masking agent and the like are required to be added, so that the operation is complicated. Therefore, the method cannot be used for sampling personnel to conveniently and repeatedly use in high-altitude remote areas, and the accuracy of analysis results is easily affected due to interaction of reagents. Aiming at ammonia nitrogen and COD, the traditional fixative generally uses pure concentrated sulfuric acid to avoid impurity pollution to a water sample, meanwhile, more devices are needed to be prepared, including an acid buret or a pipette, an ear-washing ball, pH test paper or a portable pH meter, and the like, the concentrated sulfuric acid is needed to be sucked by the acid buret or the pipette in the operation process, slowly dripped along the wall of a sampling bottle, meanwhile, the sampling bottle is needed to be manually shaken to fully mix the sul