CN-122016468-A - Quantitative evaluation method and device for mechanical behavior of material under action of external medium

CN122016468ACN 122016468 ACN122016468 ACN 122016468ACN-122016468-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a quantitative evaluation method and device for mechanical behavior of a material under the action of an external medium. Relates to the technical field of material mechanical behavior test and evaluation. The method comprises the steps of preparing a metal material sample to be detected, and carrying out surface treatment on the metal material sample to be detected. And carrying out in-situ monitoring and loading test on the sample under the action of an external medium, and collecting deformation response and damage event information of the sample of the metal material to be tested. And establishing a basic quantitative relation according to the deformation response and the damage event information, and carrying out surface stress inversion to obtain an equivalent surface stress result. Based on the coupling relation of multiple external media, calculating the mechanical behavior evaluation index induced by the external media according to the equivalent surface response result to obtain the quantitative evaluation result of the metal material sample to be tested under the action of the external media. The invention is not only helpful for revealing the deformation and fracture mechanism of engineering materials under the action of external medium, but also provides necessary method support and technical foundation for related engineering application.

Inventors

WANG BING
YU ZHAOLIANG
LIU ZHANQIANG
ZHAO JINFU
REN XIAOPING
WANG ZHAOXIN
WANG PENGYANG

Assignees

山东大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260203

Claims (10)

1. The quantitative evaluation method of the mechanical behavior of the material under the action of the external medium is characterized by comprising the following steps: Preparing a metal material sample to be detected, and carrying out surface treatment on the metal material sample to be detected; Performing in-situ monitoring and loading test on the sample under the action of an external medium, and collecting deformation response and damage event information of the metal material sample to be tested; Establishing a basic quantitative relation according to deformation response and damage event information, and inverting surface stress to obtain an equivalent surface force result; based on the coupling relation of multiple external media, calculating the mechanical behavior evaluation index induced by the external media according to the result of equivalent surface force to obtain the quantitative evaluation result of the metal material sample to be tested under the action of the external media.
2. The quantitative evaluation method of material mechanical behavior under the action of external medium according to claim 1, wherein the surface treatment of the metal material sample to be measured is the medium sensitization treatment of at least one surface of the metal material sample to be measured, which is easy to form a surface state for external medium response.
3. The quantitative evaluation method of the mechanical behavior of the material under the action of the external medium according to claim 2, wherein the specific steps of the sensitization treatment of the medium comprise the steps of constructing a molecular adsorption layer on the surface of a metal material sample to be tested through a self-assembled molecular layer, a surfactant and an organic or inorganic film, preparing a porous metal sample through electrochemical selective corrosion, and enabling the porous metal sample to be in an electrolyte infiltration state.
4. The quantitative evaluation method of mechanical behavior of materials under the action of external medium according to claim 1, wherein the external medium at least comprises one of mechanochemical medium or electrochemical medium, the mechanochemical medium is used for inducing formation and stabilization of molecular adsorption layer, and chain length variable group is constructed by changing chain length parameters of organic molecules, different organic molecule chain lengths correspond to different mechanical response differences, and the electrochemical medium is electric field and chemical electric field environment for generating metal porous metal sample and testing material performance.
5. The method for quantitatively evaluating mechanical behavior of a material under the action of an external medium according to claim 1, wherein the in-situ monitoring and loading test of the sample under the action of the external medium comprises in-situ monitoring under the action of a mechanical and chemical medium and loading test under the action of an electrochemical medium.
6. The quantitative evaluation method of mechanical behavior of materials under the action of external medium according to claim 5, wherein the specific steps of in-situ monitoring under the action of mechanical and chemical medium comprise: measuring the deflection and shape change of the free end of the cantilever by an optical microscope, a laser displacement sensor, an interferometer or a capacitance displacement sensor; Measuring a local strain field through a strain gauge, a fiber bragg grating or a digital image; monitoring a microcrack initiation and expansion event through an acoustic emission sensor or a high-frequency force sensor; And observing the change characteristics of the mechanical bias loading material deformation removal mode by using a high-speed camera and an in-situ digital image.
7. The quantitative evaluation method of mechanical behavior of materials under the action of external medium according to claim 5, wherein the specific steps of carrying out the loading test under the action of electrochemical medium comprise: in-situ characterization setting under the action of electrochemical medium; And carrying out in-situ compression loading on the nano-porous sample under the action of electrochemical medium.
8. The quantitative evaluation method of material mechanical behavior under the action of external medium according to claim 1, wherein the results of equivalent surface force comprise time-varying results of equivalent surface stress and time-varying results of equivalent surface driving force, the equivalent surface stress is obtained by conversion of deflection signals, and the time-varying results of equivalent surface driving force are used for representing driving force of deformation or damage caused by the surface stress and comprise load type driving force and intensity type driving force.
9. The quantitative evaluation method of mechanical behavior of materials under the action of external media according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of calculating the evaluation index of mechanical behavior induced by the external media according to the result of equivalent surface force based on the coupling relation of multiple external media are as follows: Setting a general index; Carrying out chain length effect evaluation on the action paths of the mechanical and chemical media according to the set general index; and carrying out regulation and evaluation on the mechanical properties of the electrochemical field medium according to the set general index.
10. A quantitative evaluation device for a quantitative evaluation method of mechanical behavior of a material under the action of an external medium according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a mechanochemical effect test device and an electrochemical effect test device.

Description

Quantitative evaluation method and device for mechanical behavior of material under action of external medium Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of material mechanical behavior testing and evaluation, in particular to a quantitative evaluation method and device for material mechanical behavior under the action of an external medium. Background The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art. Engineering materials are susceptible to different external medium factors, such as different medium types of chemical media, electric fields, stress fields and the like, in the precision machining and service processes. The external medium can obviously change stress distribution, defect evolution and deformation mechanism of the surface layer of the material, thereby influencing plastic deformation capacity, fracture mode and mechanical property of the material. The traditional method for evaluating the mechanical behavior of the material mainly comprises the steps of slowly stretching or fatigue loading a standard stretching or fracture mechanical sample under the conditions of a specific medium and temperature, and evaluating the environmental sensitivity of the material through indexes such as macroscopic fracture toughness, crack expansion rate and the like. Such methods often require preparation of specimens with pre-cracks or specific geometries, large loading devices, long test periods, and often only macroscopic damage results. The existing method is difficult to sensitively monitor the microscopic initial surface damage and surface stress change of the material induced by energy, and for example, a quantitative measuring means is lacked for key mechanism parameters such as the tiny elastoplastic deformation of the surface. With the continuous development of precision machining technology and external energy field regulation means, a quantitative evaluation method for mechanical behavior of a material surface layer for carrying out in-situ test under the action of an external medium is lacking at present. The existing method lacks general applicability to different medium conditions, cannot form a comparably and mobilizable evaluation index system, and cannot provide uniform and powerful quantitative basis for optimizing processing technological parameters and researching medium sensitive mechanical behaviors. In addition, because the mechanical properties of the material show different responses along with the change of external media such as chemical media, electric fields and the like, the conventional method is difficult to establish definite quantitative association between the property parameters of the external media and the microscopic deformation and mechanical response of the surface layer of the material, and the directional adjustment and the predictable control of the macroscopic mechanical response of the external media on the material are affected. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the quantitative evaluation method and the quantitative evaluation device for the mechanical behavior of the material under the action of the external medium, which can quantitatively characterize the influence of factors such as the surface stress of the material on the plastic deformation and the mechanical property of the material under the action of different external media such as an electric field, a chemical medium, a stress field and the like, thereby establishing a quantitative evaluation system for the mechanical behavior under the condition of different engineering materials and different external media, and can be further used for the reverse material attribute design of the external medium parameters and the directional regulation and control of macroscopic mechanical behaviors. The invention is not only helpful for revealing the deformation and fracture mechanism of engineering materials under the action of external medium, but also provides necessary method support and technical foundation for related engineering application. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: The first aspect of the invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for mechanical behavior of a material under the action of an external medium, which comprises the following steps: Preparing a metal material sample to be detected, and carrying out surface treatment on the metal material sample to be detected; Performing in-situ monitoring and loading test on the sample under the action of an external medium, and collecting deformation response and damage event information of the metal material sample to be tested; Establishing a basic quantitative relation according to deformation response and damage event information, and inverting surface stress to obtain an equivalent surf