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CN-122016511-A - Plastic product toughness testing method

CN122016511ACN 122016511 ACN122016511 ACN 122016511ACN-122016511-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for testing toughness of a plastic product, which belongs to the technical field of material performance testing, and comprises the steps of installing a prepared sample into clamping seats, driving the clamping seats to move by adjusting clamping mechanisms, so that the distance between the clamping seats can provide clamping force for the sample, the sample is gradually bent, the sample is recorded by a first detection mechanism and a second detection mechanism in the gradually bent state, the clamping force applied by the sample can be recorded by a pressure sensor through display data when the clamping seats are clamped, reliable basis can be provided for material selection, design and quality control of the plastic product, finally, the bending toughness of the plastic product is evaluated according to the highest bending height, the breaking angle, the maximum bending angle and the breaking state of the sample, the defect that the traditional simple test can only qualitatively describe and lacks quantitative basis is overcome, and the reliability and the repeatability of the evaluation result are improved.

Inventors

  • ZHANG HAIQUAN
  • LI MINGJUN
  • XIONG ZHENGLIN
  • Fang Zhaogun

Assignees

  • 天能电池集团(江西)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260317

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A method for testing toughness of plastic products is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, preparing samples, namely cutting out a plastic product to be tested for toughness into a plurality of strip-shaped samples, and checking whether the surfaces of the samples have defects or not; S2, a preparation device is prepared, wherein a clamping mechanism (1) is arranged on a fixed seat, the clamping mechanism (1) comprises a clamping seat (101), a pressure sensor (2) is embedded on the clamping seat (101), then a first detection mechanism (3) is arranged on two sides of the fixed seat, a second detection mechanism (4) is inserted on the fixed seat and positioned on the inner side of the clamping seat (101), the second detection mechanism (4) comprises a sliding block (43) for measuring the bending height of a sample, and a display (5) is arranged on the pressure sensor (2) and is simultaneously provided with an angle scale; s3, bending test, namely installing the prepared sample into the clamping seat (101) and locating at the position of the pressure sensor (2), and then driving the clamping seat (101) to move by adjusting the clamping mechanism (1), so that the distance between the clamping seats (101) can provide clamping force for the sample, and the form of the sample is gradually bent; S4, recording data, namely recording the moving distance of the clamping seat (101) by the first detection mechanism (3) in the process of gradually bending the sample, recording the height between the clamping seat (101) and the plane of the fixing seat by the second detection mechanism (4) through the moving position of the sliding block (43), and simultaneously displaying the clamping force measured by the pressure sensor (2) through the display (5) when the clamping seat (101) clamps the sample, and measuring the bending angle of the sample through the angle scale; and S5, finally evaluating the bending toughness of the plastic product according to the highest bending height, the breaking angle, the maximum bending angle and the breaking morphology of the sample.
  2. 2. The method for toughness testing of plastic products according to claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism (1) further comprises a connecting seat (102), the connecting seat (102) is installed at the top of the fixed seat, a moving groove (103) is formed in the center of the connecting seat (102), an adjusting component (104) is arranged in the moving groove (103), and two ends of the adjusting component (104) are fixedly connected with the center of the bottom of the clamping seat (101).
  3. 3. The method for toughness testing of plastic products according to claim 2, wherein the adjusting component (104) comprises a bidirectional screw rod (1041), one end of the bidirectional screw rod (1041) is rotatably connected in the moving groove (103) through a bearing, the other end of the bidirectional screw rod (1041) penetrates through the connecting seat (102) through the bearing and is fixedly connected with a rotating handle (1042), two ends of the surface of the bidirectional screw rod (1041) are in threaded connection with threaded sleeves (1043), the outer wall of each threaded sleeve (1043) is fixedly connected with a moving block (1044), and the top of each moving block (1044) is fixedly connected with the center of the bottom of the clamping seat (101).
  4. 4. A method for toughness testing of plastic products according to claim 3, wherein the first detecting mechanism (3) comprises a transverse measuring scale (31) and indicating blocks (32), the transverse measuring scale (31) is arranged on two sides of the connecting seat (102) and is kept level with the upper surface of the connecting seat (102), and the indicating blocks (32) are fixed on two ends of the clamping seat (101).
  5. 5. A method for toughness testing of plastic products according to claim 4, wherein the lower ends of the indicating blocks (32) are arranged in a triangle shape, and the positions of the indicating blocks (32) are consistent with the vertical positions of the transverse measuring ruler (31).
  6. 6. The method for toughness testing of plastic products according to claim 5, wherein the outer end face of the pressure sensor (2) is connected with a fixing plate (6), and the surface of the fixing plate (6) is provided with anti-skid patterns.
  7. 7. The method for toughness testing of plastic products according to claim 6, wherein the second detecting mechanism (4) further comprises a clamping groove (41) and a vertical measuring ruler (42), the clamping groove (41) is formed on the connecting seat (102) and is positioned on two sides of the moved groove (103), and one end of the vertical measuring ruler (42) is inserted into the clamping groove (41).
  8. 8. A method for toughness testing of plastic products according to claim 7, wherein the depth of the clamping groove (41) is consistent with the scale mark distance on the measuring scale, and the vertical measuring scale (42) is positioned between two adjacent pressure sensors (2).
  9. 9. The method for toughness testing of plastic products according to claim 8, wherein the pressure sensor (2) is electrically connected with the display (5), and a controller electrically connected with the pressure sensor (2) and the display (5) is arranged at one end of the connecting seat (102).
  10. 10. The method for toughness testing of plastic products according to claim 9, wherein the number of the pressure sensors (2) embedded in each clamping seat (101) is the same, and the distances between two adjacent pressure sensors (2) are also the same.

Description

Plastic product toughness testing method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of material performance testing, and particularly relates to a method for testing toughness of a plastic product. Background The plastic products are widely applied to various fields of industrial manufacture, daily life, medical appliances and the like due to the characteristics of light weight, easy processing, low cost and the like, and in the actual use process, the plastic products are always required to bear external force (such as bending, impact, extrusion and the like), and the toughness (namely the capability of resisting the deformation of the external force without breaking) is a key performance index for determining the reliability and the service life of the products. In the existing plastic product toughness testing method, a precise instrument (such as an impact testing machine and a universal material testing machine) is partially relied on, the operation flow is complex (sample pretreatment, instrument calibration, multi-parameter setting and the like are needed), the testing condition is different from the actual bending stress scene (such as impact testing stress, tensile testing stress and axial stress), the toughness performance of the material in the continuous bending process is difficult to be directly reflected, in addition, the partial simple testing method can only carry out qualitative description (such as easy breaking and bending) and lacks quantitative data support, so that the reliability and repeatability of an evaluation result are insufficient, and in order to solve the problems, the testing method which is simple and convenient to operate and can directly reflect the toughness characteristics of the plastic product under the bending stress is provided. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a method for testing toughness of a plastic product, which directly reflects the toughness performance of the material in the continuous bending process, realizes multi-dimensional evaluation of the bending toughness of the material by recording equivalent data of the highest bending height, the breaking angle, the maximum bending angle and the clamping force of a sample and combining qualitative characteristics such as breaking shape, overcomes the defect that the traditional simple test can only qualitatively describe and lacks quantitative basis, improves the reliability and repeatability of an evaluation result, and solves the problems in the prior art. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for testing toughness of plastic products, comprising the following steps: S1, preparing samples, namely cutting out a plastic product to be tested for toughness into a plurality of strip-shaped samples, and checking whether the surfaces of the samples have defects or not; S2, a preparation device is provided, wherein the clamping mechanism is arranged on the fixed seat and comprises a clamping seat, the pressure sensor is embedded on the clamping seat, then the first detection mechanism is arranged on two sides of the fixed seat, the second detection mechanism is inserted on the fixed seat and positioned on the inner side of the clamping seat, the second detection mechanism comprises a sliding block for measuring the bending height of a sample, the display is arranged on the pressure sensor, and an angle scale is prepared; S3, bending test, namely mounting the prepared sample into the clamping seat and locating at the position of the pressure sensor, and then driving the clamping seat to move by adjusting the clamping mechanism, so that the distance between the clamping seats can provide clamping force for the sample, and the form of the sample is gradually bent; and S4, recording data, namely recording the moving distance of the clamping seat by the first detection mechanism in the process of gradually bending the sample, recording the height between the clamping seat and the plane of the fixing seat by the second detection mechanism when the sample is bent through the moving position of the sliding block, and simultaneously displaying the clamping force measured by the pressure sensor through the display when the sample is clamped by the clamping seat, and measuring the bending angle of the sample through the angle scale. And S5, finally evaluating the bending toughness of the plastic product according to the highest bending height, the breaking angle, the maximum bending angle and the breaking morphology of the sample. Preferably, the clamping mechanism further comprises a connecting seat, the connecting seat is arranged at the top of the fixing seat, a moving groove is formed in the center of the connecting seat, an adjusting component is arranged in the moving groove, and two ends of the adjusting component are fixedly connected with the center of the bottom of the clamping seat. Preferably, the adjusting compon