CN-122016567-A - Method for realizing intelligent lubrication characteristic by in-situ monitoring of metal migration

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for realizing intelligent lubrication characteristics by in-situ monitoring of metal migration. Revealing lubrication laws during dynamic friction is a difficulty in the study of lubricating materials, especially in extreme spatial environments. The prior online in-situ detection system has the problems of complex components and single detection signal. The invention uses a mass spectrometer, a desk-top multimeter and a vacuum friction tester as basic components, and uses metal doped hard coatings such as gold/carbon nano-composite and copper/carbon nano-composite as application objects. Physical and chemical signals of the metal/carbon composite film in the friction process in an extreme vacuum environment are synchronously monitored in situ through a mass spectrometer and a universal meter, and dynamic lubrication behavior and a lubrication mechanism of the metal/carbon composite film in the friction process are analyzed according to detected material release quantity signals and electrical signals, so that the change rules of lubrication behavior and signal feedback are mastered, and further lubrication regulation and control are realized. The invention solves the problem that the dynamic lubrication mechanism is unknown in extreme environment due to the lack of a proper in-situ characterization method.

Inventors

• JI LI
• KANG FUYAN
• LI PANPAN
• LI HONGXUAN
• LIU XIAOHONG
• CHEN JIANMIN

Assignees

• 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260212

Claims (10)

1. 1. The method for realizing intelligent lubrication characteristics by in-situ monitoring of metal migration is characterized by adopting a monitoring system comprising a vacuum friction tester, a mass spectrometer and a desk-top multimeter, and comprising the following steps of: (1) And (3) system connection: externally connecting the mass spectrometer to a chamber of the vacuum friction testing machine through a flange port; The positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead of the table multimeter are respectively led into the cavity through flange ports, wherein the positive electrode lead is connected to a pair rod of the vacuum friction tester, and a pair ball is arranged at the tail end of the pair rod; (2) Sample installation and circuit construction: Installing a sample plated with a metal/carbon nano composite film on the sample clamping module, so that the sample clamping module, the sample, the dual ball and the dual rod form a friction pair and an electrical monitoring loop together; Ensuring insulation between the dual rod and other moving components of the friction testing machine and ensuring conductive contact between the sample and the sample clamping module; (3) Parameter setting and vacuum preparation: Setting load, frequency and amplitude parameters of a friction test; setting the bench multimeter to a resistance measurement mode; setting acquisition parameters of the mass spectrometer; pumping the chamber to a target vacuum degree; (4) Synchronous in-situ monitoring and data acquisition: When the vacuum degree of the chamber is stable and the background impurity signal of the mass spectrometer is reduced to the minimum level, starting a friction test procedure; Collecting friction coefficient, friction pair resistance change signals and ion fragment signals released by a friction interface in real time; (5) Lubrication behavior analysis: establishing a change curve of friction coefficient, resistance value and ion fragment release amount along with time; and (3) revealing the lubrication behavior and mechanism of the metal/carbon nano composite film in the dynamic friction process by analyzing the corresponding and linkage relation of the three.
2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the friction test employs a reciprocating mode with a test frequency of less than 6 Hz.
3. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the dual rod is of a segmented insulation design to ensure electrical insulation from the drive assembly of the vacuum friction tester.
4. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the bench multimeter has a resistance measurement range of up to 1G Ω and a resolution of up to 10 μΩ.
5. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass spectrometer has a detection mass ranging from 1 to 200 u, a residence time ranging from 1 ms to 16 s/u, a detection limit of 5 x 10 -19 mbar, and a vacuum requirement of less than 10 -4 mbar, and is achieved by pumping a vacuum in series with a molecular pump.
6. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the base material of the test sample is a conductive substrate and the material of the dual ball is a conductive material.
7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the base material is 304 stainless steel and the dual ball material is GCr15 bearing steel.
8. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal/carbon nanocomposite film is a gold/carbon nanocomposite film or a copper/carbon nanocomposite film, prepared by co-sputtering a metal target and a graphite target by magnetron sputtering techniques.
9. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the ion fragment signal is a gold ion of mass to charge 197 or a copper ion of mass to charge 64 release intensity signal.
10. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the lubricating act comprises at least one of migration of metal nanoparticles, formation and evolution of a transfer film, and interfacial self-healing act.

Description

Method for realizing intelligent lubrication characteristic by in-situ monitoring of metal migration Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of detection and analysis of surface component states, and particularly relates to a method for realizing intelligent lubrication characteristics by in-situ monitoring of metal migration, which is applicable to real-time monitoring and mechanism research of lubrication behaviors of a lubrication film in a friction process. Background Frictional wear is one of the main causes of failure of mechanical parts, and in particular in the high-end areas of aerospace, precision equipment, etc., about 80% of mechanical failures are associated with wear. In order to improve the reliability of equipment and prolong the service life, it is important to develop high-performance lubricating materials and clarify the lubricating mechanism of the lubricating materials. The method can monitor the behavior of the lubricating material in the dynamic friction process in real time and in situ in an actual or simulated service environment, and is a key for revealing the lubricating mechanism and realizing active regulation and control of the performance. At present, the research on lubrication behavior mostly depends on offline characterization (such as a scanning electron microscope, a surface morphology meter, energy spectrum analysis and the like) after friction test, and the method cannot acquire dynamic evolution information of interface structures and chemical states in the friction process, so that the lubrication and failure mechanism of the material under the real working condition is difficult to comprehensively reveal. For this reason, in-situ monitoring technology of friction processes has become an important development direction in this field. Several approaches have emerged in the prior art aimed at achieving in situ monitoring of friction processes, which can be broadly divided into two categories: One class focuses on the inference of surface topography evolution through multisource physical signal fusion. For example, a method and a system for reconstructing wear morphology based on multi-source friction information fusion (patent publication number CN 116992769A) proposed by Shanghai university of transportation are used for establishing a correlation model between the wear morphology and characteristic parameters of the wear surface by collecting signals such as vibration, sound pressure and sound, so that real-time reconstruction and visual monitoring of the wear morphology are realized. However, the method mainly reflects mechanical vibration and deformation information in the friction process, and is difficult to detect key chemical processes such as chemical reaction, substance release and the like occurring at a friction interface, so that limitations exist in revealing a friction chemical mechanism of the lubricating material. Another class focuses on monitoring surface chemical state changes directly by spectroscopic means. For example, by introducing an in-situ raman spectrum, the online in-situ detection analysis system (patent publication number CN119394834 a) for the abrasion failure mechanism of a wide-temperature-range lubricating material, which is proposed by the lanzhou chemical and physical research of the academy of sciences of china, realizes the real-time analysis of the phase composition of a friction surface in a complex environment such as high temperature, vacuum and the like, and can effectively reveal the tribochemical mechanism of various materials such as organic materials, inorganic materials and the like. However, the monitoring signal of this method is single and strongly depends on the raman activity of the material, and for such metal-doped amorphous carbon-based materials as gold, copper, etc., neither gold nor copper nanoparticles have raman activity, it is difficult to detect them effectively. In addition, in experiments simulating extreme service environments such as space stations, vacuum and the like, the system is usually under high vacuum or special atmosphere conditions, and the introduction of conventional characterization means is severely limited. The carbon nano composite film doped with metal such as gold and copper is used as an important metal doped hard lubricating coating, and the lubricating performance of the carbon nano composite film is highly dependent on dynamic physical and chemical processes such as migration of metal components in a friction process, formation and evolution of a friction interface transfer film and the like. The prior art lacks a multisource information fusion monitoring method capable of synchronously and in-situ acquiring physical signals (such as conductivity and contact state) and chemical signals (such as reaction products and substance release) of friction interfaces of the materials in an extreme vacuum environment. The lubrication mechanism of the material in dynamic