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CN-122016568-A - Device and method for simulating dust migration rule in high-temperature high-humidity environment

CN122016568ACN 122016568 ACN122016568 ACN 122016568ACN-122016568-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for simulating a dust migration rule under a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, wherein the simulation device comprises a roadway simulation cabin, a temperature and humidity regulation module, a wind speed regulation module, a dust generation and collection module and a roadway dust concentration distribution processing module, the temperature and humidity regulation module comprises an electric heater, an air-cooled refrigerating unit, an ultrasonic humidifier, a rotary dehumidifier, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, the wind speed regulation module comprises a negative pressure fan and a wind speed sensor, the dust generation and collection module comprises an aerosol generator and a dust collection cabin, and the roadway dust concentration distribution processing module comprises a large-range dust concentration sensor, a data acquisition card and an industrial computer. The invention constructs a roadway three-dimensional space dust concentration monitoring network, realizes high-density and synchronous monitoring of a roadway three-dimensional space dust concentration field, solves the difficult problem of research on dust migration and distribution rules, and provides accurate and reliable experimental data and analysis methods for the optimal design of ventilation and dust removal technology.

Inventors

  • LI GANG
  • JIANG BOYANG
  • WANG YUNMIN
  • XU XIUPING
  • HAN JIAWANG
  • ZHOU GANG
  • NIE WEN

Assignees

  • 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司
  • 山东科技大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260409

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The device for simulating the dust migration law in the high-temperature and high-humidity environment is characterized by being composed of a roadway simulation cabin (13), a temperature and humidity regulation module, a wind speed regulation module, a dust generation and collection module and a roadway dust concentration distribution processing module in a combined mode: the roadway simulation cabin (13) is of a cuboid structure, the overall dimension is not more than 20m multiplied by 4.5m multiplied by 3.5m, a closed cabin door (14) and a double-layer glass observation window (15) are arranged outside the roadway simulation cabin (13), and a rock wool heat preservation layer (16) is arranged inside the roadway simulation cabin (13); The temperature and humidity regulation module comprises an electric heater (1), an air-cooled refrigerating unit (2), an ultrasonic humidifier (3), a rotary dehumidifier (4), a temperature sensor (5) and a humidity sensor (6), wherein the electric heater (1) is connected with the air-cooled refrigerating unit (2) in parallel and is connected with a roadway simulation cabin (13) through one air duct, the ultrasonic humidifier (3) is connected with the rotary dehumidifier (4) in parallel and is connected with the roadway simulation cabin (13) through the other air duct, the electric heater (1), the air-cooled refrigerating unit (2), the ultrasonic humidifier (3) and the rotary dehumidifier (4) are all arranged in a rear end equipment area of the roadway simulation cabin (13), the temperature sensor (5) and the humidity sensor (6) are respectively hung at set positions in the roadway simulation cabin (13), the total power of the electric heater (1) is not more than 32kW, the total power of the electric heater (1) is not less than 18kW, the total power of the electric heater (1) is independently controlled by a shunt, the refrigerating capacity of the air-cooled refrigerating unit (2) is not less than 15kg, and the humidity of the humidifier (3) is not less than 20kg of the ultrasonic humidifier (4/20 kg of humidity; The wind speed regulation and control module comprises a negative pressure fan (7) and a wind speed sensor (8), wherein the negative pressure fan (7) is arranged in a rear end equipment area of a roadway simulation cabin (13), the negative pressure fan (7) is connected with the roadway simulation cabin (13) through an air duct, the wind speed sensor (8) is positioned in the roadway simulation cabin (13) and is arranged at intervals along the length direction of a roadway, and the frequency regulation and control range of a frequency converter of the negative pressure fan (7) is 5-50 Hz; The dust generation and collection module comprises an aerosol generator (9) and a dust collection bin (10), wherein the aerosol generator (9) is arranged at the front part in a roadway simulation cabin (13), the dust collection bin (10) is arranged at the rear end equipment area of the roadway simulation cabin (13), the dust collection bin (10) is connected with a negative pressure fan (7) through a pipeline, the aerosol generator (9) can generate a dust environment with the concentration of 0-500 mg/m < 3 > adjustable and the particle size of 20-200 mu m and adapted to coal dust or rock dust, the concentration control precision is +/-5%, the aerosol generator (9) is used for generating experimental dust in the roadway simulation cabin (13), and the dust collection bin (10) is used for collecting the experimental dust overflowed by the negative pressure fan (7); The roadway dust concentration distribution processing module comprises a wide-range dust concentration sensor (12), a data acquisition card and an industrial computer, wherein the wide-range dust concentration sensor (12) is arranged in a roadway simulation cabin (13), and a monitoring section is arranged at intervals in the length direction of the roadway simulation cabin (13) and is respectively arranged in the height direction and the width direction so as to realize high-density and synchronous monitoring of a dust concentration field in a three-dimensional space of the roadway; The large-range dust concentration sensor (12), the temperature sensor (5), the humidity sensor (6) and the air speed sensor (8) are connected with the data acquisition card through signal cables, and then are connected to an industrial computer provided with data processing software through a control bus.
  2. 2. The device for simulating the dust migration law in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment according to claim 1, wherein the dust collection bin (10) is internally provided with a bag type dust collector (11).
  3. 3. The device for simulating the dust migration law in the high-temperature and high-humidity environment according to claim 1, wherein the large-range dust concentration sensor (12) is provided with a monitoring section at intervals of 2-4 meters along the roadway length direction of the roadway simulation cabin (13), and measuring points are uniformly arranged on each monitoring section at intervals of 0.3-0.6 meter in the roadway width direction and the roadway height direction to form a three-dimensional monitoring grid comprising at least 20 measuring points.
  4. 4. The device for simulating the dust migration law in the high-temperature and high-humidity environment according to claim 1, wherein in the wind speed regulation and control module, a wind speed sensor (8) is arranged every 3-6 meters along the roadway length direction of a roadway simulation cabin (13).
  5. 5. A device for simulating the dust migration law in a high temperature and high humidity environment according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the rock wool heat preservation layer (16) is not less than 50mm.
  6. 6. The device for simulating dust migration law in high-temperature and high-humidity environment according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure fan (7) is flexibly configured into a press-in type, a pull-out type or a press-pull mixed type ventilation mode.
  7. 7. The method for simulating the dust migration law in the high-temperature and high-humidity environment is characterized in that a simulation device is adopted and comprises a roadway simulation cabin (13), a temperature and humidity regulation module, a wind speed regulation module, a dust generation and collection module and a roadway dust concentration distribution processing module in a combined mode: the roadway simulation cabin (13) is of a cuboid structure, the overall dimension is not more than 20m multiplied by 4.5m multiplied by 3.5m, a closed cabin door (14) and a double-layer glass observation window (15) are arranged outside the roadway simulation cabin (13), and a rock wool heat preservation layer (16) is arranged inside the roadway simulation cabin (13); The temperature and humidity regulation module comprises an electric heater (1), an air-cooled refrigerating unit (2), an ultrasonic humidifier (3), a rotary dehumidifier (4), a temperature sensor (5) and a humidity sensor (6), wherein the electric heater (1) is connected with the air-cooled refrigerating unit (2) in parallel and is connected with a roadway simulation cabin (13) through one air duct, the ultrasonic humidifier (3) is connected with the rotary dehumidifier (4) in parallel and is connected with the roadway simulation cabin (13) through the other air duct, the electric heater (1), the air-cooled refrigerating unit (2), the ultrasonic humidifier (3) and the rotary dehumidifier (4) are all arranged in a rear end equipment area of the roadway simulation cabin (13), the temperature sensor (5) and the humidity sensor (6) are respectively hung at set positions in the roadway simulation cabin (13), the total power of the electric heater (1) is not more than 32kW, the total power of the electric heater (1) is not less than 18kW, the total power of the electric heater (1) is independently controlled by a shunt, the refrigerating capacity of the air-cooled refrigerating unit (2) is not less than 15kg, and the humidity of the humidifier (3) is not less than 20kg of the ultrasonic humidifier (4/20 kg of humidity; The wind speed regulation and control module comprises a negative pressure fan (7) and a wind speed sensor (8), wherein the negative pressure fan (7) is arranged in a rear end equipment area of a roadway simulation cabin (13), the negative pressure fan (7) is connected with the roadway simulation cabin (13) through an air duct, the wind speed sensor (8) is positioned in the roadway simulation cabin (13) and is arranged every 3-6 meters along the length direction of a roadway, and the frequency regulation and control range of a frequency converter of the negative pressure fan (7) is 5-50 Hz; The dust generation and collection module comprises an aerosol generator (9) and a dust collection bin (10), wherein the aerosol generator (9) is arranged at the front part in a roadway simulation cabin (13), the dust collection bin (10) is arranged at the rear end equipment area of the roadway simulation cabin (13), the dust collection bin (10) is connected with a negative pressure fan (7) through a pipeline, the aerosol generator (9) can generate a dust environment with the concentration of 0-500 mg/m < 3 > adjustable and the particle size of 20-200 mu m and adapted to coal dust or rock dust, the concentration control precision is +/-5%, the aerosol generator (9) is used for generating experimental dust in the roadway simulation cabin (13), and the dust collection bin (10) is used for collecting the experimental dust overflowed by the negative pressure fan (7); The roadway dust concentration distribution processing module comprises a wide-range dust concentration sensor (12), a data acquisition card and an industrial computer, wherein the wide-range dust concentration sensor (12) is provided with a monitoring section at intervals of 2-4 meters along the roadway length direction of a roadway simulation cabin (13), and measuring points are uniformly arranged on each monitoring section at intervals of 0.3-0.6 meter in the roadway width direction and the roadway height direction to form a three-dimensional monitoring grid comprising at least 20 measuring points; The signal cables of the large-range dust concentration sensor (12), the temperature sensor (5), the humidity sensor (6) and the air speed sensor (8) are connected to a data acquisition card and then connected to an industrial computer provided with data processing software through a control bus; the method comprises the following steps: s1, setting target temperature, humidity, ventilation mode and wind speed through an industrial computer; S2, starting a temperature and humidity regulation module and a wind speed regulation module, and starting an aerosol generator (9) to generate dust into a roadway of the roadway simulation cabin (13) after the environmental parameters in the cabin are stable; S3, synchronously collecting real-time dust concentration data of at least 100 measuring points of each section of the whole roadway at sampling intervals less than or equal to 0.5 seconds/time through the roadway dust concentration distribution processing module; s4, processing the collected three-dimensional concentration field data by using data processing software, and drawing dust concentration contour line cloud maps and space-time evolution curves of different moments and different sections; S5, analyzing the diffusion rate, sedimentation rule and spatial distribution characteristic of dust under different temperature and humidity conditions and different ventilation modes based on three-dimensional dynamic data, and summarizing the migration rule; The calculation formula and method are as follows: The time for the head of the dust cloud to reach each section is accurately obtained by utilizing alpha monitoring sections arranged in the roadway length direction of the roadway simulation cabin (13), and the calculation formula of the axial average diffusion speed of the dust cloud is as follows: Wherein V d is the axial average diffusion speed (m/s) of dust cloud in L length, L is the distance (m) from the first monitoring section to the nth (n≤α) monitoring section, t 1 and t n are the time(s) when the dust concentration reaches the preset threshold value at the first and nth monitoring sections respectively, the model is used for quantifying the comprehensive influence of ventilation wind speed, temperature and humidity on the dust diffusion speed, and the calculation formula is as follows: Wherein V d is the axial diffusion speed (m/s) of dust cloud, V is the tunnel ventilation wind speed (m/s), T is the ambient temperature (°C), RH is the ambient relative humidity (%), T 0 and RH 0 are the reference humiture, a, b, C, d are model coefficients obtained by fitting experimental data of the device; The number of layers of the monitoring section is beta, the number of columns is gamma, delta=beta×gamma measuring points arranged on each monitoring section are utilized, synchronous concentration data of the measuring points are utilized to calculate dust mass ratio of layers with different heights, and a calculation formula is as follows: Wherein S i (t) is the sedimentation intensity index of the ith (i is less than or equal to alpha) monitoring section at the moment t, C ijk (t) is the dust concentration of the ith section, the jth layer and the kth row of measuring points at the moment t (mg/m 3 ）,h j is the height (m) of the measuring points from the roadway bottom plate and H is the roadway height, and on the basis, the sedimentation index space-time evolution model is deduced as follows: The method comprises the steps of determining a settlement intensity index at a roadway position x at a moment T, wherein the settlement intensity index is a function F of an ambient temperature T, a relative humidity RH, a ventilation wind speed V, a ventilation mode, the position x and a time T, determining the function through a two-dimensional interpolation or fitting method through obtained experimental data, and establishing a two-dimensional distribution model S (x, T) of the settlement index along the roadway length (x) and the time (T) through analysis of S i (T) of different moments and different sections, wherein the two-dimensional distribution model S (x, T) is used for visualizing and quantifying the development of a settlement process in the whole roadway; And finally, calculating a dust discharge efficiency index of the ventilation mode, and providing a quantitative index based on all-space data for evaluating the dust removal efficiency of different ventilation modes, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: Wherein eta is dust discharge efficiency (%) after t e time, M (t p ) is total mass (mg) of dust peak in a roadway at dust occurrence ending time (t p ), M (t e ) is total mass (mg) of dust remained in the roadway after time t e , and a characteristic time constant representing dust discharge speed in a ventilation mode is obtained by fitting a dust attenuation curve according to the formula, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: Wherein M (t) is the total mass (mg) of dust in a tunnel at the moment t, M 0 is the fitting initial mass (mg), tau is the cleaning time constant(s), and the smaller the tau value is, the faster the dust is discharged in the ventilation mode.
  8. 8. The method for simulating the dust migration law in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment according to claim 1, wherein the dust collection bin (10) is internally provided with a bag type dust collector (11).
  9. 9. A method for simulating dust migration law in a high temperature and high humidity environment according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the rock wool heat preservation layer (16) is not less than 50mm.

Description

Device and method for simulating dust migration rule in high-temperature high-humidity environment Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of mine ventilation and dust control, and particularly relates to a device and a method for simulating a dust migration rule under a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, which are particularly suitable for researching the influence of different ventilation modes (including a press-in mode, a pull-out mode and a press-pull-out mode) on a dust diffusion, sedimentation and concentration distribution rule in a roadway under a complex hot-humid condition of a deep mine, and provide accurate experimental simulation and data analysis means for mine ventilation and dust removal optimization and dust source treatment. Background As shallow mineral resources are increasingly exhausted, mining continues to advance towards deep, and kilometer deep wells become industry normals. Deep mines are generally subjected to extreme environments of high temperature (15-60 ℃) and high humidity (30-95% RH), and the migration, diffusion and sedimentation rules of rock dust and coal dust in a roadway under the action of ventilation air flow show unprecedented complexity. The complexity directly determines the design efficiency of the underground dust removal system and the optimization space of the ventilation scheme, and is more relevant to the occupational health and safety of first-line miners. The method is used for accurately mastering the dust migration rule under the high-temperature high-humidity coupling condition, and is a core theoretical basis for formulating a scientific and efficient dust prevention and control strategy. However, the current technical means have three key drawbacks in this field: Firstly, the environment reproduction capability is insufficient, and the coupling environment of a deep mine 'high temperature-high humidity-multiple ventilation mode' is difficult to accurately and stably simulate by the existing experimental device. Most of the equipment can only control temperature and humidity or ventilation mode singly, and parameter linkage cannot be realized, so that experimental conditions are seriously disjointed from real working conditions, and the engineering guiding value of experimental results is greatly reduced. Secondly, the monitoring precision and the dimension are limited, the traditional research is mostly dependent on a simplified numerical model or single-point concentration measurement, and the full-scale and high-density monitoring of the dust concentration field in the three-dimensional space of the roadway is lacked. The localized observation mode cannot reveal the real distribution characteristics and dynamic evolution process of dust in high-temperature high-humidity airflow, and is difficult to support the design of a fine dedusting scheme. The system integration level and the automation level are low, and functional modules of the existing simulation system, such as temperature and humidity control, wind speed regulation and control, dust generation and collection and the like, are mutually independent and lack of a unified linkage control and data acquisition platform. The experimental process needs manual frequent intervention, so that the efficiency is low, human errors are easily introduced, the experimental repeatability is poor, and the data reliability is insufficient. The Chinese patent No. 223597148U discloses a multifunctional horizontal wind tunnel for simulating dust environment, which comprises a frame, and comprises a high-speed wind measuring section, a flaring mixing section, a first uniform flow section and a second uniform flow section, wherein the high-speed wind measuring section is connected with a small-diameter section of the flaring mixing section, a window and a high-speed standard connecting port are arranged on the high-speed wind measuring section, a large-diameter end of the flaring mixing section is connected with the first uniform flow section, the diameters of the first uniform flow section and the second uniform flow section are the same, the cross section of the first uniform flow section and the second uniform flow section is circular, a low-speed standard connecting port is arranged at the top of the second uniform flow section, a first sampling pipe mounting port and a second sampling pipe mounting port are arranged at the bottom of the second uniform flow section, a temperature and humidity sensor is further arranged on the side wall of the second uniform flow section, an operation window is further arranged on the side wall of the second uniform flow section, an operation bin door is further arranged at the operation window, and the horizontal wind tunnel can meet the calibration of high and low wind speed and dust concentration, and has high adaptability. The technical scheme has four core limitations that firstly, the environment simulation precision is insufficient, the