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CN-122016649-A - Device and method for optical visual detection of power takeoff gear

CN122016649ACN 122016649 ACN122016649 ACN 122016649ACN-122016649-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical visual detection devices and discloses a power takeoff gear optical visual detection device and a power takeoff gear optical visual detection method, wherein the power takeoff gear optical visual detection device comprises a fixed frame, a mounting frame, an inner limiting structure, a gear driving structure, an imaging structure, a light supplementing lamp structure and a camera moving structure; according to the invention, accurate assembly of each part is realized through the fixed frame, the influence of assembly deviation on the detection precision is avoided, the special designs of the mounting frame and the inner limiting structure are used for respectively solving the shielding problem of the outer surface, the inner hole surface and the front and back surfaces of the gear to be detected, so that a turnover mechanism is not required to be arranged, the secondary positioning error is large, the detection efficiency is low, the clamping area is permanently shielded, pain points which cannot be detected on the whole surface of the gear are completely avoided in the traditional single-station serial turnover detection, the automatic rotation of the gear to be detected is realized by the gear driving structure, and the detection requirements of gears with various specifications of power takeoff can be adapted by matching with the movable imaging structure and the light supplementing lamp structure, and the detection efficiency and the imaging quality can be improved.

Inventors

  • WANG QIAOKOU
  • ZHAO QIDONG
  • YU SHENG

Assignees

  • 浙江佰事瑞帕瓦传动有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260309

Claims (10)

  1. 1. An optical visual inspection device for a power takeoff gear, comprising: a fixing frame (100) provided inside the detection device accommodating chamber for making each component mounting position mounted thereon accurate; the mounting frame (200) is arranged on the fixed frame (100) and is used for placing the gear (800) to be tested, and the mounting frame (200) enables a sector surface of the gear (800) to be tested in a certain direction of the mounting surface not to be shielded by the mounting frame (200) in a mode of reducing a supporting surface and arranging an opening; The inner limiting structure (300) is arranged on the mounting frame (200) and limits the inner hole of the gear (800) to be detected in an abutting mode, and the inner limiting structure (300) staggers the abutting surface of the inner limiting structure and the gear (800) to be detected in a dislocation fracture mode, so that the inner hole surface of the gear (800) to be detected can form a continuous and stable surface to be detected; the gear driving structure (400) is matched with the inner limiting structure (300) and used for driving the gear (800) to be tested to rotate; the imaging structure (500) is used for shooting all parts of the gear (800) to be detected for imaging; The light supplementing lamp structure (600) improves the imaging quality of the imaging structure (500) through an illumination mode and an optical path design; A camera moving structure (700) for changing the imaging structure (500) position and changing the illumination angle of the light filling lamp structure (600).
  2. 2. The optical vision inspection device for power take-off gear according to claim 1, wherein said mounting frame (200) comprises a connecting frame (210) and a carrying frame (220); the connecting frame (210) is arranged on the outer side and used for connecting the fixed frame (100) and the mounting bearing frame (220), and the connecting frame (210) takes a shape occupying a small plane space area; The bearing frame (220) is arranged on the inner side and used for bearing the gear (800) to be tested, the shape of the bearing frame is a non-closed curve shape with a fracture, and the fracture position of the bearing frame is staggered with the position of the connecting frame (210).
  3. 3. The optical visual inspection device for power take-off gear according to claim 1, wherein the inner limit structure (300) comprises a mounting portion (310) and a limit portion (320); the mounting part (310) is used for connecting the mounting frame (200) and is overlapped with the space occupied by the mounting frame (200) on the vertical layer surface, so that the light paths in the vertical directions of the imaging structure (500) and the light supplementing lamp structure (600) are prevented from being blocked; The limiting part (320) comprises two annular roller bearings (321) with fracture, the fracture directions of the two annular roller bearings (321) are staggered, and the two annular roller bearings (321) are mutually connected on a vertical layer through a connecting rod.
  4. 4. The optical visual inspection device for power take-off gear according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of sliding frames (322) capable of sliding along the radial direction of the annular roller bearing (321) are arranged in the annular roller bearing (321) at equal intervals, a pressing spring (323) is arranged between the sliding frames (322) and the inner wall of the annular roller bearing (321), and rollers (324) are arranged in the sliding frames (322).
  5. 5. The power take-off gear optical vision inspection device of claim 1, wherein the imaging structure (500) comprises two coaxial camera structures (510), an edge camera structure (520), a side view camera structure (530), and an internal camera structure (540); The two coaxial camera structures (510) are respectively arranged above and below the gear (800) to be detected, and the imaging directions of the two coaxial camera structures are coaxial with the gear (800) to be detected and are used for shooting the front and the back of the gear (800) to be detected; the edge camera structure (520) is arranged at the edge side of the gear (800) to be detected and is used for shooting the tooth surface of the gear (800) to be detected; The side view camera structure (530) is arranged on the other side of the gear (800) to be detected, and the side view camera structure (530) comprises two groups of miniature cameras which are respectively used for shooting hidden parts such as quasi tooth roots, key groove bottoms, chamfer roots and the like on the upper side and the lower side of the gear (800) to be detected; The internal phase structure (540) comprises a telescopic rod and an internal phase body, wherein the internal phase body is provided with two shooting surfaces, and the two shooting surfaces respectively correspond to fracture positions of the two annular roller bearings (321).
  6. 6. The optical vision inspection device of power take-off gear of claim 5, wherein said light supplement lamp structure (600) comprises a coaxial light structure (610), an annular light structure (620) and a bar light structure (630); the coaxial light structure (610) comprises a light emitting unit (611) and a half-transparent half-reflective spectroscope (612), the light emitting unit (611) emits light to irradiate the half-transparent half-reflective spectroscope (612), a part of the light is vertically reflected to the surface of the gear (800) to be detected, the surface of the gear (800) to be detected generates specular reflection, the light returns along an original light path, and the light passes through the half-transparent half-reflective spectroscope (612) again to enter the coaxial camera structure (510); The annular light structure (620) is arranged on the outer side of the edge camera structure (520) and integrated with the edge camera structure (520) and is used for irradiating the tooth surface of the gear (800) to be measured; the strip-shaped light structure (630) is arranged on the side of the side view camera structure (530) and integrated with the side view camera structure (530) and is used for irradiating hidden parts such as quasi tooth roots, key groove bottoms, chamfer roots and the like on the upper side and the lower side of the gear (800) to be measured.
  7. 7. The optical vision inspection device of power take-off gear as set forth in claim 6, wherein said coaxial light structure (610) further comprises an anti-reflection grating (613) mounted on the optical path of the coaxial light structure (610) for filtering stray reflected light.
  8. 8. The optical vision inspection device of power take-off gear of claim 6, wherein said camera moving structure (700) comprises an edge moving structure (710) and a side moving structure (720); the edge moving structure (710) comprises a screw rod structure (711) and an edge mounting plate (712), wherein a driving turntable (713) is arranged on the edge mounting plate (712) and is used for driving the edge camera structure (520) and the annular light structure (620) to rotate, and the irradiation angles of the annular light structure (620) are adjusted aiming at helical gears with different helix angles, so that the irradiation angles are opposite to the tooth surface of the gear (800) to be measured; The side moving structure (720) comprises a fixed plate (721), a moving plate (722) and a telescopic structure (723), wherein the fixed plate (721) is fixedly arranged on the fixed frame (100) and corresponds to the lower edge position of the gear (800) to be detected, and the fixed plate (721) drives the moving plate (722) to stretch and retract through the telescopic structure (723) so that the moving plate (722) corresponds to the upper edge position of the gear (800) to be detected.
  9. 9. The power take-off gear optical vision inspection device of claim 5, wherein: The gear driving structure (400) is arranged on the side of the gear (800) to be detected, which is different from the side camera structure (520) and the side view camera structure (530), the gear driving structure (400) comprises a telescopic cylinder (410), a driving motor (420) and a driving wheel (430), and the telescopic cylinder (410) drives the driving motor (420) to move so that the driving wheel (430) arranged on the output end of the driving motor (420) abuts against the tooth surface of the gear (800) to be detected.
  10. 10. The application method of the optical visual inspection device for the power takeoff gear is characterized in that the optical visual inspection device for the power takeoff gear is any one of the power takeoff gear described in claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps: S1, installing a proper inner limit structure (300) according to the inner hole of a gear (800) to be detected, and then placing the gear (800) to be detected on a mounting frame (200) to be sleeved outside the inner limit structure (300); S2, starting a coaxial light structure (610) positioned above the mounting frame (200) and a coaxial camera structure (510) positioned above the mounting frame (200), shooting the front surface of the gear (800) to be tested, wherein the front surface and the tooth surface of the gear (800) to be tested are not shielded, starting the coaxial light structure (610) positioned below the mounting frame (200) as a backlight source after shooting is finished, shooting an extremely high-contrast silhouette image of the gear (800) to be tested, and measuring the outline of the gear (800) to be tested; S3, starting a camera moving structure (700), adjusting the height of a side camera structure (520) by utilizing a side moving structure (710) according to the thickness of the gear (800) to be detected, enabling the side camera structure to be opposite to the tooth surface of the gear (800) to be detected, and adjusting the height of a side camera structure (530) by utilizing a side moving structure (720), enabling a side camera to be opposite to two side positions of the gear (800) to be detected respectively, if the gear (800) to be detected is a bevel gear, and adjusting the rotation angles of the side camera structure (520) and an annular light structure (620) by utilizing a driving turntable (713), so that the irradiation angle is opposite to the tooth surface of the gear (800) to be detected; S4, starting a gear driving structure (400), enabling a telescopic cylinder (410) to drive a driving motor (420) to move, enabling a driving wheel (430) to be arranged to abut against the tooth surface of a gear (800) to be tested, and then enabling the driving motor (420) to drive the driving wheel (430) to rotate so as to drive the gear (800) to be tested to slowly rotate; S5, simultaneously or sequentially starting a coaxial camera structure (510), a side camera structure (520) and a side camera structure (520), an internal camera structure (540) and a corresponding light supplementing lamp structure (600) which are positioned below the mounting frame (200), and shooting hidden parts such as the back surface, the tooth surface, the quasi tooth root of the edge, the bottom of a key groove, the root of a chamfer and the like of the gear (800) to be tested.

Description

Device and method for optical visual detection of power takeoff gear Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of optical visual detection devices, and particularly relates to an optical visual detection device and method for a power takeoff gear. Background Defects which are usually generated by a cutter method for machining and forming a power takeoff gear are tooth crest/tooth crest collapse angle and collapse edge, accumulated chip tumor adhesion, undercut, tooth root cutting marks, overstock, cutter relieving pits and the like, the defects of the cutter method are machining error type defects, namely size, shape and surface deviation caused by cutters, machine tools and process parameters, the defects are concentrated on the surface and precision layers, the internal metal tissues of the gear are continuous and compact, no internal defects exist, most defects can be corrected through an adjusting process and subsequent finish machining (shaving and grinding), therefore, the gear is required to be detected by using a power takeoff gear optical visual detection device, and the power takeoff gear optical visual detection device is high-precision and non-contact type automatic quality detection equipment specially designed for a Power Takeoff (PTO) gear of an automobile, and realizes comprehensive detection on the size precision, appearance defects and surface quality of the gear through an optical imaging and machine visual algorithm, and solves the problems of low traditional manual detection efficiency, poor consistency, high pain detection error detection rate and the like, and is a key device for intelligent manufacturing of automobile parts; The existing power takeoff gear optical visual detection device adopts single-station serial operation when detecting the front and back of a gear, the turnover mechanism clamps and overturns for the single-station, repositioning is needed after overturning, the detection efficiency is low, the secondary positioning error is large, meanwhile, the clamping structure is mostly fully coated or hard-contact, the deformation and the surface damage of the gear clamping are easily caused, the clamping area is permanently shielded, and the full-surface detection of the gear cannot be realized. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects that in the prior art, a single-station serial operation is adopted in a power takeoff gear optical visual detection device, after a turnover mechanism turns over a gear, the gear needs to be repositioned, a clamping area of a clamping structure is permanently shielded, and full-surface detection of the gear cannot be realized. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the optical visual detection device for the power takeoff gear comprises: The fixed frame is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the detection device and is used for enabling the installation positions of all parts installed on the fixed frame to be accurate, providing stable installation references for the cooperative operation of the following structures, avoiding detection deviation caused by component deviation and simultaneously providing rigid installation support for the front and back synchronous detection structure; The mounting frame is arranged on the fixed frame and used for placing the gear to be tested, the mounting frame enables the sector surface of the gear to be tested in a certain direction of the mounting surface not to be shielded by the mounting frame in a manner of reducing the supporting surface and arranging the opening, so that whether a detection view is shielded by an imaging structure and a light supplementing lamp structure during subsequent shooting detection is ensured, clear shooting and irradiation of the front surface, the back surface and the peripheral surface can be realized without turning the gear to be tested, and the shielding problem caused by traditional turning clamping is avoided; The inner limiting structure is arranged on the mounting frame and is used for limiting the inner hole of the gear to be detected in an abutting mode, and the inner limiting structure staggers the abutting surface of the inner hole of the gear to be detected and the abutting surface of the inner hole of the gear to be detected in a dislocation fracture mode, so that the inner hole surface of the gear to be detected can form a continuous and stable surface to be detected, the inner hole detection area is prevented from being blocked by the limiting structure, meanwhile, deformation and surface damage of the gear to be detected caused by traditional full-coating and hard-contact clamping are avoided, and the inner hole surface and the front and back surfaces of the gear to be detected are prevented from being detected without omission; The gear driving structure is matched with the inner limiting structure and used for driving the gear to be detected to rotate, s