CN-122017022-A - Ultrasonic phased scanning detection method for cladding layer defects

CN122017022ACN 122017022 ACN122017022 ACN 122017022ACN-122017022-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to an ultrasonic phased scanning detection method for cladding layer defects, which comprises the steps of carrying out ultrasonic phased scanning on a cladding layer to obtain reflected signals, dividing defect types based on defect characterization parameters, determining single defect areas of transverse crack defects according to crack characterization parameters, generating simulated crack characterization parameters according to bubble deviation parameters and crack characterization parameters to determine single defect areas corresponding to bubble defects, respectively determining coincident defect areas according to the single defect areas corresponding to different defects, judging whether the coincident defect areas are the blind defect areas based on the blind feature parameters, determining the blind defect areas as structure damaged areas, and judging whether non-blind defect areas are structure damaged areas by combining the areas of the coincident defect areas and the bubble defect numbers corresponding to the coincident defect areas. The invention improves the accuracy of the ultrasonic phased scanning detection method for the cladding layer defects.

Inventors

YANG YANPING
ZHANG HANG
GAO YA
LIU SHENGCHUN
Liu Tairu
HUANG JIQING

Assignees

山东凯泰焊接技术有限公司
山东理工职业学院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260211

Claims (10)

1. The ultrasonic phased scanning detection method for the cladding layer defects is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Performing ultrasonic phased scanning on the cladding layer to obtain a reflected signal, and generating defect characterization parameters based on echo amplitude and pulse width of the reflected signal to divide defect types, wherein the defect types comprise transverse crack defects, bubble defects and vertical crack defects; Acquiring the crack length and the crack depth of the transverse crack defect closest to the bubble defect to generate a crack characterization parameter so as to determine a single defect area of the transverse crack defect, and acquiring the maximum diameter and the bubble depth of the bubble defect to generate a bubble characterization parameter; Obtaining the maximum diameter and the bubble depth of the transverse crack defect after the functional fluid is coated to generate a simulated bubble characterization parameter, calculating a bubble deviation parameter based on the bubble characterization parameter and the simulated bubble characterization parameter, and generating the simulated crack characterization parameter according to the bubble deviation parameter and the crack characterization parameter to determine a single defect area corresponding to the bubble defect; determining coincident defect areas according to single defect areas corresponding to different defects respectively, and generating hidden characteristic parameters based on defect center distances and defect depth differences of the coincident defect areas to judge whether the coincident defect areas are hidden defect areas or not; And determining the hidden defect area as a structure damaged area in response to the coincidence defect area being a hidden defect area, and determining whether the non-hidden defect area is a structure damaged area by combining the area of the coincidence defect area and the number of bubble defects corresponding to the coincidence defect area in response to the coincidence defect area being a non-hidden defect area.
2. The ultrasonic phased scan detection method of cladding layer defects according to claim 1, wherein generating defect characterization parameters based on echo amplitude and pulse width of the reflected signal to classify defect types comprises, Determining the ratio of the difference value of the echo amplitude and the reference echo amplitude to the reference echo amplitude as an amplitude factor; Determining the ratio of the difference value of the pulse width and the reference pulse width to the reference pulse width as a pulse factor; and determining the weighted sum value of the amplitude factor and the pulse factor as a defect characterization parameter.
3. The ultrasonic phased scan detection method of cladding layer defects according to claim 2, wherein the generating defect characterization parameters based on echo amplitude and pulse width of the reflected signal to divide defect types, wherein, If the defect characterization parameter is smaller than or equal to a first defect characterization threshold, judging that the defect type is a bubble defect; if the defect characterization parameter is larger than the first defect characterization threshold and smaller than the second defect characterization threshold, judging that the defect type is a vertical crack defect; And if the defect characterization parameter is greater than or equal to the second defect characterization threshold, judging the defect type as a transverse crack defect.
4. The ultrasonic phased scan detection method of cladding layer defects of claim 3, wherein the step of acquiring crack length and crack depth of a transverse crack defect closest to the bubble defect to generate crack characterization parameters comprises, Determining the ratio of the crack length to the reference crack length as a length factor; determining the ratio of the crack depth to the reference crack depth as a grain depth factor; And determining a weighted sum value of the length factor and the line depth factor as a crack characterization parameter.
5. The ultrasonic phased scan detection method of cladding layer defects of claim 4, wherein the process of collecting maximum diameter and bubble depth of bubble defects to generate bubble characterization parameters comprises, Determining the ratio of the maximum diameter to the reference maximum diameter as a diameter factor; determining the ratio of the bubble depth to the reference bubble depth as a hole depth factor; and determining a weighted sum value of the diameter factor and the pore depth factor as a bubble characterization parameter.
6. The ultrasonic phased scan detection method of cladding layer defects of claim 5, wherein the step of obtaining the maximum diameter and bubble depth of the transverse crack defect after the application of the functionalizing fluid to generate simulated bubble characterization parameters comprises, Determining the weighted sum value of the diameter factor and the hole depth factor of the transverse crack defect after the functional fluid is smeared as a simulation bubble characterization parameter; And determining the difference ratio of the bubble characterization parameter and the simulated bubble characterization parameter as a bubble deviation parameter.
7. The ultrasonic phased scan detection method of cladding layer defects according to claim 6, wherein the generating of the concealing feature parameters based on the difference in defect center-to-center distance and defect depth of the coincident defect regions to determine whether the coincident defect regions are concealing defect regions comprises, Calculating the absolute value of the defect center distance of any two defects as the defect distance, and determining the ratio of the average value of the defect distances to the maximum defect center distance as a distance factor; Calculating the absolute value of the depth difference value of any two defects as a defect depth difference, and determining the ratio of the mean value of the depth differences of all the defects to the maximum defect depth difference as a depth factor; and determining a weighted sum value of the distance factor and the depth factor as a hidden characteristic parameter.
8. The ultrasonic phased scan detection method of cladding layer defects according to claim 7, wherein determining whether the coincident defect region is a concealed defect region is based on concealed characteristic parameters, wherein, If the hidden characteristic parameter is smaller than or equal to the hidden characteristic threshold value, judging that the coincident defect area is a non-hidden defect area; and if the hidden characteristic parameter is larger than the hidden characteristic threshold value, judging the coincident defect area as a hidden defect area.
9. The ultrasonic phased scan detection method of cladding layer defects according to claim 8, wherein the process of determining coincident defect regions from single defect regions corresponding to different defects respectively comprises, Dividing the center of the crack as a coordinate origin and the longest distance from the center to the edge of the crack as a radius to obtain single defect areas corresponding to the transverse crack defect and the vertical crack defect respectively; And determining the overlapping coverage area of at least two single defect areas as an overlapping defect area.
10. The ultrasonic phased scan detection method of cladding layer defects according to claim 9, wherein the process of combining the area of the coincident defect region and the number of bubble defects corresponding to the coincident defect region to determine whether the non-concealed defect region is a structurally damaged region comprises, And if the area is larger than the area threshold value and the number of bubble defects is larger than the bubble defect number threshold value, judging the non-hidden defect area as a structure damaged area.

Description

Ultrasonic phased scanning detection method for cladding layer defects Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to an ultrasonic phased scanning detection method for cladding layer defects. Background The cladding layer technology is used as an advanced surface modification and remanufacturing technology and is widely applied to the key industrial fields of aerospace, energy power, heavy machinery and the like, however, the cladding layer is extremely easy to generate internal defects such as bubbles, cracks and the like due to factors such as process parameter fluctuation, material characteristics, thermal stress and the like in the rapid melting and solidification process, the severity of the defects and the actual damage of structural integrity thereof are difficult to accurately evaluate only by amplitude, particularly when a plurality of defects are closely adjacent or mutually overlapped in space, the detailed analysis of an overlapping region is extremely important according to different defect types. The invention discloses a Chinese patent application publication number CN119355133A, relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, and in particular relates to a lead sealing defect detection method based on a phased array ultrasonic detection technology. A lead sealing defect detection method based on phased array ultrasonic detection technology comprises the following steps of surface three-dimensional data acquisition, data processing and modeling, phased array ultrasonic detection preparation, ultrasonic scanning, data analysis and defect identification, defect positioning and quantification, and evaluation and report generation. According to the invention, through combining laser scanning with phased array ultrasound, microscopic and macroscopic features of the lead sealing surface are obtained through laser scanning, a generated accurate three-dimensional geometric model is reproduced, the lead sealing entity form is reproduced, an intuitive reference frame is provided for subsequent phased array ultrasound, different areas and heterogeneity of lead sealing materials are identified by combining with self-adaptive frequency adjustment and dynamic focusing control technology, focusing positions and depths of ultrasonic beams are adjusted in real time, and flexibility and accuracy of defect detection are improved. There is also a problem in the prior art in that the generation of deviation parameters by defect simulation for easy detection is not considered in the prior art to improve the detection accuracy of defects that are difficult to detect. Disclosure of Invention Therefore, the invention provides an ultrasonic phased scanning detection method for defects of a cladding layer, which is used for solving the problem that the prior art does not consider that deviation parameters are generated through defect simulation easy to detect so as to improve the detection accuracy of defects difficult to detect. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an ultrasonic phased scanning detection method for cladding layer defects, comprising the following steps: Performing ultrasonic phased scanning on the cladding layer to obtain a reflected signal, and generating defect characterization parameters based on echo amplitude and pulse width of the reflected signal to divide defect types, wherein the defect types comprise transverse crack defects, bubble defects and vertical crack defects; Acquiring the crack length and the crack depth of the transverse crack defect closest to the bubble defect to generate a crack characterization parameter so as to determine a single defect area of the transverse crack defect, and acquiring the maximum diameter and the bubble depth of the bubble defect to generate a bubble characterization parameter; Obtaining the maximum diameter and the bubble depth of the transverse crack defect after the functional fluid is coated to generate a simulated bubble characterization parameter, calculating a bubble deviation parameter based on the bubble characterization parameter and the simulated bubble characterization parameter, and generating the simulated crack characterization parameter according to the bubble deviation parameter and the crack characterization parameter to determine a single defect area corresponding to the bubble defect; determining coincident defect areas according to single defect areas corresponding to different defects respectively, and generating hidden characteristic parameters based on defect center distances and defect depth differences of the coincident defect areas to judge whether the coincident defect areas are hidden defect areas or not; And determining the hidden defect area as a structure damaged area in response to the coincidence defect area being a hidden defect area, and determining whether the non-hidden defect area is a structure damaged area by combining the