CN-122017203-A - Soil parameter high-precision detection device and method for multi-sensor networking

CN122017203ACN 122017203 ACN122017203 ACN 122017203ACN-122017203-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent monitoring of soil, and particularly relates to a high-precision detection device and method for soil parameters of a multi-sensor network, wherein the device adopts a four-layer architecture of sensing, transmission, data processing and application, a sensing layer acquires soil texture, temperature and salinity parameters, an environment interference factor matrix is constructed, and interference-free data is output through a layered interference calibration model; the method comprises the steps of completing data transmission by a transmission layer through wired and wireless modes, extracting space-time characteristics after pretreatment by a data processing layer, obtaining a soil parameter fusion value through dynamic weight fusion, and matching the fusion value with a preset template by an application layer to realize scene generation and visual rendering. The invention can solve the problems that the existing multi-sensor networking system is easy to be influenced by the outside and has insufficient intelligent level.

Inventors

LI YINGHONG
HUANG BOSHEN
WU XUELAN
CHEN LEI
LI MIAO
DENG YUN
HU CHUNLIN
Zheng Caigui
WANG NINGNING
Zou Donger
WANG HAO
FENG LEI
LIU WEI
Pan Xiran
WANG QINSONG

Assignees

重庆地质矿产研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260410

Claims (7)

1. The soil parameter high-precision detection device of the multi-sensor network is characterized by comprising a sensing layer, a transmission layer, a data processing layer and an application layer, wherein: The sensing layer comprises a multi-parameter integrated sensor module and an interference calibration module, wherein the multi-parameter integrated sensor module is used for acquiring soil environment parameters in real time based on multi-sensor units to construct an environment interference factor matrix, and the interference calibration module calls a preset interference calibration model to dynamically adjust detection parameters of each sensor unit according to the environment interference factor matrix and output an interference-free soil data set of each sensor; the transmission layer is used for transmitting the interference-free soil data set generated by the sensing layer to the data processing layer; The data processing layer comprises a preprocessing module and a soil parameter extraction module, wherein the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing a received undisturbed soil data set to generate preprocessed soil data; the soil parameter extraction module is used for calling a preset soil parameter extraction model according to the preprocessed soil data to respectively perform space feature extraction and time feature extraction and outputting a fused soil parameter fusion value; The application layer is used for receiving the fused soil parameter fusion value, and calling a preset soil parameter template to generate and render soil data.
2. The high-precision soil parameter detection device of the multi-sensor network according to claim 1, wherein the multi-parameter integrated sensor module comprises a multi-parameter sensor unit and an environment sensing unit in the sensing layer, and the multi-parameter sensor unit is used for collecting soil texture parameters, soil temperature and soil salinity data; The environment sensing unit is used for acquiring soil texture parameters, soil temperature and soil salinity data and constructing an environment interference factor matrix.
3. The high-precision soil parameter detection device with the multi-sensor network as set forth in claim 2, wherein the environment sensing unit acquires soil texture parameters, soil temperature and soil salinity data and constructs an environment interference factor matrix specifically as follows: Arbitrary sensor node for acquiring a multiparameter sensor unit At the time of detection Soil texture parameters of (2) Soil temperature Soil salinity data ; Based on the hardware index of the multi-parameter sensor unit, extracting the inherent detection parameters of the sensor and the space-time characteristic parameters of the sensor network, wherein the inherent detection parameters of the sensor comprise the first step Sensor detection sensitivity coefficient of soil-like parameter Sensor base detection error threshold The time-space characteristic parameters of the sensor network comprise time attenuation coefficients Space networking coefficient Background value of soil parameters ; Based on sensor detection sensitivity coefficient And sensor base detection error threshold For single sensor node m at time The original parameters of (a) are normalized, and the expression is: Wherein, the For the normalized interference value of the sensor raw parameter, As the sensor raw value of the i-th class parameter, 、 Detecting a range extremum for a sensor of an i-th type parameter; Judging the background value of the soil parameter according to the real-time detection value of the i-th parameter To obtain the environmental deviation coefficient Calibrating a basic contribution degree coefficient according to the detection principle of the multi-parameter sensor unit and the interference type of soil parameters to sensor detection ; Based on basic contribution coefficient Coefficient of environmental deviation Coefficient of time decay Space networking coefficient Calculating space-time coupling interference contribution coefficient The expression is: Wherein, the ; The parameters of the soil texture are characterized, The temperature of the soil is characterized by that, Characterizing soil salinity; Based on normalized interference values And space-time coupling interference contribution coefficient Calculating independent interference of a single environmental parameter on a sensor, wherein the expression is as follows: Wherein, the A single factor interference value for the i-th class of parameters; and calculating the cooperative interference generated by the interaction of the two types of parameters based on the single factor interference value, wherein the expression is as follows: Wherein, the 、 Respectively represent the parameters of different soil, ; The coupling interference values of two types of soil parameters; a single factor interference value representing a class i parameter, A single factor interference value representing a j-th class of parameters, Representing the parameter coupling coefficient; The space networking coefficients; Based on the single factor interference value and the coupling interference value, an environment interference factor matrix is constructed The expression is: And repeating the steps to generate a new environment interference factor matrix based on the detection time update.
4. The high-precision soil parameter detection device of the multi-sensor network as set forth in claim 3, wherein the interference calibration module invokes a preset interference calibration model to dynamically adjust detection parameters of each sensor unit according to an environmental interference factor matrix, and the outputting of the undisturbed soil data set of each sensor is specifically as follows: Based on the structural characteristics of the environmental interference factor matrix, constructing an interference calibration model comprising a single error correction layer and a coupling error correction layer; acquiring an environmental interference factor matrix The original soil detection parameter set acquired by the multi-parameter sensor unit is input into an interference calibration model, and the preset calibration parameters are calibrated based on each sensor hardware, wherein the calibration parameters comprise calibration basic coefficients Coefficient of parameter coupling Error feedback coefficient ; Mapping the single factor interference value of the diagonal line of the environmental interference factor matrix to a single error correction layer of the interference calibration model to obtain a single corrected detection parameter, wherein the expression is as follows: Wherein, the Representing the value of the detected parameter after a single correction, The sensor raw detection value representing the ith soil parameter, The single factor interference value for the diagonal of the ambient interference factor matrix, In order to calibrate the base coefficient of the model, The error feedback coefficient of the last detection node; Mapping the off-diagonal coupling interference value of the environmental interference factor matrix to a coupling error correction layer of an interference calibration model to obtain a coupling corrected detection parameter, and representing the final soil data after the single sensor counteracts interference, wherein the expression is as follows: Wherein, the , Representing the coupling corrected sensed parameter of the ith soil parameter, Representing the value of the detected parameter after a single correction, Representing the value of the coupling interference, Representing the parameter coupling coefficient; and integrating the coupling corrected final non-interference soil data to obtain a non-interference soil data set.
5. The high-precision soil parameter detection device with multiple sensor networks according to claim 4, wherein the soil parameter extraction module is configured to invoke a preset soil parameter extraction model to perform spatial feature extraction and temporal feature extraction according to the preprocessed soil data, and output a fused soil parameter fusion value specifically as follows: Acquiring pretreated soil data Based on sensor space networking coefficient For core weight, calculate The global spatial weighted average of the soil parameters of the i th class at the moment has the expression: Wherein, the Is that Spatial characteristic values of the soil parameters of the i th class at the moment, In order for the sensor node to be a sensor node, The total number of the sensor nodes; By time decay factor For time weight, calculate The time weighted differential characteristic value of the soil parameter of the i th class at the moment has the expression: Wherein, the , Representation of Global average of time i-th soil parameters, Representation of Global average value of i-th soil parameters at moment; Representation of Time characteristic values of the i-th soil parameters at the moment; based on space eigenvalues And time characteristic value Respectively calculating spatial variation coefficients And a coefficient of temporal variation The expression is: Wherein, the Is the spatial characteristic mean value of the i-th soil parameter, The time characteristic mean value of the i-th soil parameter; Based on spatial coefficient of variation And a coefficient of temporal variation Calculating spatial fusion weights And time fusion weights The expression is: Wherein, the ; Based on spatial fusion weights And time fusion weights The space characteristic value and the time characteristic value are weighted and summed to obtain The fusion value of the soil parameters of the ith class at the moment is expressed as follows: and integrating the fusion values of the three parameters of soil texture, soil temperature and soil salinity to generate a soil parameter fusion value set, and transmitting the soil parameter fusion value set to an application layer.
6. The high-precision soil parameter detection device of the multi-sensor network of claim 5, wherein the application layer comprises a data receiving module, a data analyzing module, a soil parameter template management module and a soil data generation rendering module, and wherein: The data receiving module receives a soil parameter fusion value set transmitted by the data processing layer based on a standard interface; the data analysis module is used for carrying out standardized analysis on the received soil parameter fusion value set to generate a standardized soil parameter fusion value; The soil parameter template management module presets soil parameter templates based on different application scenes and requirements and provides soil parameter template correction, addition and deletion operations; The soil data generation and rendering module is used for performing scene generation and visual rendering on the parsed standardized soil parameter fusion value and the soil parameter template.
7. The soil parameter high-precision detection method of the multi-sensor networking is applied to the soil parameter high-precision detection device of the multi-sensor networking as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, collecting soil environment parameters in real time to construct an environment interference factor matrix; s2, calling a preset interference calibration model, dynamically adjusting detection parameters of each sensor unit according to an environment interference factor matrix, and outputting an interference-free soil data set of each sensor; s3, preprocessing the undisturbed soil data set to generate preprocessed soil data; S4, calling a preset soil parameter extraction model according to the preprocessed soil data to respectively extract spatial features and temporal features, and outputting a fused soil parameter fusion value; And S5, receiving the fused soil parameter fusion value, and calling a preset soil parameter template to generate and render soil data.

Description

Soil parameter high-precision detection device and method for multi-sensor networking Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent soil monitoring, and particularly relates to a device and a method for detecting soil parameters of a multi-sensor network with high precision. Background The soil is used as the basis of the land ecological system, and the accurate detection of the parameters of the soil has important significance for the fields of agricultural production, ecological environment protection, geological research and the like. In the agricultural field, soil parameters such as moisture, nutrients, pH value, conductivity and the like directly influence the growth and development, yield and quality of crops. The parameters are accurately mastered, so that accurate fertilization and reasonable irrigation can be realized, the fertilizer utilization rate and the water resource utilization rate are improved, the agricultural non-point source pollution is reduced, and the sustainable development of agriculture is promoted. In the aspect of ecological environment protection, soil parameter detection is beneficial to evaluating the change of soil quality, monitoring soil pollution and degradation conditions, and providing scientific basis for ecological restoration and environmental protection. For example, by detecting indexes such as heavy metal content and organic pollutants in soil, soil pollution problems can be found in time, and corresponding treatment measures are taken to protect ecological environment and human health. Certain research progress is made in the aspects of soil parameter detection devices and multi-sensor networking technologies in China. In the field of soil parameter detection devices, various types of sensors have been developed, such as soil moisture sensors, soil nutrient sensors, soil pH sensors, soil temperature sensors, and the like. The sensors are continuously optimized and improved in the aspects of detection principle, performance index and the like, and the precision and stability of part of the sensors reach the international advanced level. For example, some soil moisture sensors based on Frequency Domain Reflectometry (FDR) are capable of accurately measuring soil moisture content, and errors can be controlled to a small extent. In the aspect of multi-sensor networking technology, domestic scholars develop a great deal of researches, explore different networking modes and data transmission protocols, and realize self-organization, self-healing and reliable data transmission of sensor nodes. Meanwhile, certain results are achieved in the aspects of data fusion algorithm, sensor network optimization and the like, and the performance and efficiency of the multi-sensor networking system are improved. However, current research still has some drawbacks. On the one hand, the performance of part of the sensors is not stable enough and is easily influenced by environmental factors, so that errors occur in detection data. For example, under severe environments such as high temperature, high humidity, etc., the accuracy of some sensors may be degraded. On the other hand, the integration level and the intelligent level of the multi-sensor networking system need to be improved, the data processing and analyzing capacity is relatively weak, and the soil parameter monitoring requirements in a large-scale and complex environment are difficult to meet. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the precision of the existing multi-sensor networking system is easily affected by the outside and the intelligent level is insufficient. The invention provides a basic scheme that a soil parameter high-precision detection device of a multi-sensor networking comprises a sensing layer, a transmission layer, a data processing layer and an application layer, wherein: The sensing layer comprises a multi-parameter integrated sensor module and an interference calibration module, wherein the multi-parameter integrated sensor module is used for acquiring soil environment parameters in real time based on multi-sensor units to construct an environment interference factor matrix, and the interference calibration module calls a preset interference calibration model to dynamically adjust detection parameters of each sensor unit according to the environment interference factor matrix and output an interference-free soil data set of each sensor; the transmission layer is used for transmitting the interference-free soil data set generated by the sensing layer to the data processing layer; The data processing layer comprises a preprocessing module and a soil parameter extraction module, wherein the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing a received undisturbed soil data set to generate preprocessed soil data; the soil parameter extraction module is used for calling a preset soil parameter extraction model according to the preprocessed s