CN-122017402-A - Electric testing method for electric contact performance of alloy material based on electric arc characteristics

CN122017402ACN 122017402 ACN122017402 ACN 122017402ACN-122017402-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric testing method for the electric contact performance of an alloy material based on electric arc characteristics, which provides basic information for a high-voltage arc rotating diffusion arc and medium-frequency high-current breaking simulation test by acquiring circuit breaker contact data, utilizes an alternating-current high-voltage low-current system to trigger a controllable arc rotating or diffusion arc between contacts, acquires electric arc stability information, utilizes a medium-frequency low-voltage high-current system to simulate the breaking working condition of the medium-frequency circuit breaker, acquires electric performance data and ablation damage information of the contacts under the action of the medium-frequency electric arc, performs weighted calculation on the electric arc temperature, the electric performance and the ablation index to generate comprehensive electric contact performance index, comprehensively evaluates the performances of the alloy contacts under different working conditions, realizes the electric contact performance test of the alloy material, and improves the test accuracy.

Inventors

MING YUE
QIAO XINHAN
WANG XIAOXI
YANG FENG
XIA XIAOLEI

Assignees

徐州工程学院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260126

Claims (10)

1. An electrical testing method for electrical contact performance of an alloy material based on arc characteristics is characterized by comprising the following steps: Acquiring breaker contact data containing preset alloy materials; According to the data of the breaker contacts, an arc generating system is controlled to ignite between the breaker contacts, wherein the arc generating system comprises an alternating-current high-voltage low-current system and an intermediate-frequency low-voltage high-current system; Controlling an alternating-current high-voltage small-current system to generate an electric arc between breaker contacts, applying a magnetic field to the electric arc to induce a rotating arc or a diffusion arc, and collecting temperature parameters of the electric arc by using a schlieren system in the process of inducing the rotating arc or the diffusion arc; Controlling a medium-frequency low-voltage high-current system to pass through current among the breaker contacts, simulating medium-frequency arc initiated under the medium-frequency on-off working condition of the medium-frequency breaker, and collecting electrical performance data and ablation data of the breaker contacts in the process of initiating the medium-frequency arc; Carrying out statistical analysis on temperature parameters of the electric arc, calculating an electric arc stability index, calculating a degradation degree index of the circuit breaker contact according to the electric performance data, and calculating an ablation rate index of the circuit breaker contact according to the ablation data; And respectively carrying out weighted calculation on the arc stability index, the degradation degree index and the ablation rate index to obtain corresponding electric contact performance indexes, wherein the electric contact performance indexes are used for evaluating the electric contact performance of a preset alloy material used for the breaker contact under the action of an arc.
2. The electrical testing method for electrical contact performance of alloy materials based on arc characteristics according to claim 1, wherein controlling the ac high voltage low current system to generate an arc between the breaker contacts, when applying a magnetic field to the arc to induce a rotating arc or a diffuse arc, comprises: Controlling an alternating-current high-voltage small-current system to output alternating-current excitation voltage larger than a preset voltage threshold value under the condition that a breaker contact keeps a preset contact gap, and generating an arc; controlling the AC high-voltage small-current system to output a first excitation current, and forming a first magnetic field perpendicular to the axial direction of the arc between the contacts of the circuit breaker; And adjusting the stress direction of the arc based on the superposition mode of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field, and triggering a rotating arc or a diffusion arc.
3. The electrical contact performance testing method of an alloy material based on arc characteristics according to claim 2, wherein adjusting the stress direction of the arc based on the superposition of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field, and initiating a rotating arc or a diffusion arc, comprises: The amplitude ratio and the phase difference of the first excitation current and the second excitation current are respectively adjusted, and the superposition direction of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field is changed; Controlling the stress direction of the arc based on the superposition direction, and enabling the arc to migrate along the circumferential direction of the breaker contact to trigger a rotating arc; the direction of the stress of the arc is controlled based on the superposition direction, and the arc is extrapolated in the radial direction to initiate a diffusion arc.
4. The method for electrical contact performance measurement of an alloy material based on arc characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring the temperature parameter of the arc by using a schlieren system during the initiation of the rotating arc or the diffusion arc comprises the steps of: In the process of initiating a rotating arc or a diffusion arc, acquiring image information of an arc by using a schlieren system, and measuring the gray level change of a knife edge based on the image information to obtain light deflection information; and obtaining refractive index distribution in the arc channel according to the inverse transformation of the light deflection information, and obtaining the temperature parameter of the arc based on inversion calculation of the refractive index distribution.
5. The electrical contact performance testing method for the alloy material based on the arc characteristics, as set forth in claim 1, is characterized in that the medium-frequency low-voltage high-current system comprises an arc striking circuit and a medium-frequency oscillating circuit, and the electrical performance data and ablation data of the breaker contact are collected by adopting the following methods: the arc striking circuit is controlled to apply preset arc striking voltage to the breaker contacts, and arc striking current is formed between the breaker contacts; An arc striking channel is established based on the arc striking current formed by the arc striking circuit, the intermediate frequency oscillating circuit is controlled to output intermediate frequency oscillating current, and an intermediate frequency arc is formed in the arc striking channel based on the intermediate frequency oscillating current; in the middle-frequency arc action process, collecting voltage and current of a breaker contact and arc maintenance characteristic data among contacts as electrical performance data; After the medium-frequency arc is extinguished, measuring the surface of the contact of the circuit breaker, and obtaining the pit depth, the area of the melting spot and the peeling amount of the material of the surface of the contact as ablation data.
6. The electrical contact performance testing method for alloy materials based on arc characteristics according to claim 5, wherein the step of establishing an arc striking channel based on an arc striking current formed by the arc striking circuit, controlling the intermediate frequency oscillating circuit to output an intermediate frequency oscillating current, and forming an intermediate frequency arc in the arc striking channel based on the intermediate frequency oscillating current, comprises: Controlling the intermediate frequency oscillating circuit to output intermediate frequency oscillating current in a preset frequency range, wherein the preset frequency range of the intermediate frequency oscillating current is used for simulating the current change characteristic of the intermediate frequency breaker in an intermediate frequency opening and closing stage; and controlling the intermediate frequency oscillation circuit to adjust the peak amplitude of the intermediate frequency oscillation current, and forming an intermediate frequency arc in the arc striking channel.
7. The electrical testing method for electrical contact performance of alloy materials based on electric arc characteristics according to claim 5, wherein collecting the voltage, current and inter-contact arc maintenance characteristic data of the breaker contacts as electrical performance data during the medium frequency electric arc action comprises: Sampling intermediate frequency voltage and intermediate frequency current of the intermediate frequency arc in an action period, and constructing an arc power change curve based on the intermediate frequency voltage and the intermediate frequency current; according to the arc power change curve, calculating the energy consumption of the intermediate frequency arc and the contact power loss to form a first index; calculating the maintenance time, the arc extinguishing time and the voltage fluctuation data of the intermediate frequency arc according to the arc maintenance characteristic data to form a second index; The electrical performance data is formed based on the first and second indicators of the intermediate frequency arc.
8. The electrical testing method for electrical contact performance of alloy material based on electric arc characteristics according to claim 5, wherein after the medium frequency electric arc is extinguished, measuring the surface of the contact of the circuit breaker to obtain the pit depth, the area of the melting spot and the peeling amount of the material of the contact surface as the ablation data, comprising: after the intermediate frequency arc is extinguished, measuring the surface of a contact of the circuit breaker, and obtaining the space distribution data of the micro pits and the melting spots; Processing the space distribution data, identifying the depth of each micro pit, calculating the depth of the micro pit on the surface of the contact, identifying the outline of each melting spot, and calculating the area of the melting spot; Calculating the volume or mass of the peeled material to obtain data of the peeling amount of the material; And processing the data of the pit depth, the fuse spot area and the material peeling amount of the contact surface to form ablation data.
9. The electrical testing method for electrical contact performance of alloy materials based on electric arc characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the statistical analysis is performed on the temperature parameters of the electric arc, the arc stability index is calculated, the degradation degree index of the breaker contact is calculated according to the electrical performance data, and the ablation rate index of the breaker contact is calculated according to the ablation data, comprising: carrying out statistical analysis on the temperature parameters of the electric arc, and calculating the average value, the maximum value and the fluctuation range of the temperature of the electric arc to form an electric arc stability index; Calculating the change rate of the contact resistance, the voltage fluctuation range and the power loss based on the electrical performance data to form a degradation index of the breaker contact; And according to the ablation data, calculating the average depth, the maximum depth, the area of the melting spot and the peeling amount of the material of the micro pits on the surface of the contact of the circuit breaker, and calculating an ablation rate index.
10. The electrical testing method for electrical contact performance of alloy materials based on electric arc characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the weighting calculation is performed on the electric arc stability index, the degradation index and the ablation rate index respectively to obtain corresponding electrical contact performance indexes, comprising: Respectively carrying out normalization treatment on the arc stability index, the degradation degree index and the ablation rate index to obtain an arc stability factor, a degradation degree factor and an ablation factor; and carrying out weighted calculation on the arc stability factor, the degradation factor and the ablation factor according to preset weights to obtain the electrical contact performance index.

Description

Electric testing method for electric contact performance of alloy material based on electric arc characteristics Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of electrical testing, in particular to an electrical testing method for electrical contact performance of an alloy material based on arc characteristics. Background With the development of direct current distribution, electrified transportation and novel electric power equipment, the arc response characteristics of alloy materials used by a breaker contact under the conditions of high voltage and high current gradually become important factors influencing the breaking reliability, and in order to evaluate the electrical contact performance of the contact materials under the action of an arc, a laboratory is generally required to develop various tests for analyzing the electrical contact performance of the contact materials under different working conditions. In existing material testing practices, arc tests conducted on contact materials often rely on a single current source system, such as using high voltage excitation to achieve arc ignition, or using high current systems to simulate an open process. However, in the prior art, a controllable arc rotating or diffusing test is difficult to develop under the high-voltage and high-current condition, the arc stability and controllability are insufficient under the high-voltage and low-current condition, a regular arc is difficult to form, an accurate magnetic control arc adjusting means is lacked, the arc migration or diffusion cannot be stably controlled, and the arc response data of a contact material is difficult to uniformly acquire and compare, so that the prior art lacks a uniform arc testing mechanism capable of simultaneously meeting the controllable arc rotating or diffusing test under the high-voltage condition and the on-off simulation measurement under the medium-frequency and high-current condition, so that researchers cannot comprehensively master the response rules of the contact material to the arc under different conditions, and the existing contact material testing accuracy is low. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an electric testing method for the electric contact performance of an alloy material based on electric arc characteristics, which is characterized in that the method acquires the contact data of a breaker, provides basic information for subsequent electric arc tests, utilizes an alternating-current high-voltage small-current system to trigger controllable spiral arcs or diffusion arcs among contacts, acquires electric arc temperature parameters through a schlieren system to acquire electric arc stability information, utilizes an intermediate-frequency low-voltage large-current system to simulate the switching-off working condition of the intermediate-frequency breaker, acquires the electric performance data and ablation damage information of the contacts under the action of the intermediate-frequency electric arc, performs weighted calculation on the electric arc temperature, the electric performance and the ablation index to obtain comprehensive electric contact performance indexes, and is used for comprehensively evaluating the electric conductivity stability, the ablation resistance and the degradation characteristics of the alloy contacts under different working conditions, thereby realizing rapid and comprehensive material performance evaluation and improving accuracy. The electric testing method for the electric contact performance of the alloy material based on the electric arc characteristic comprises the following steps: Acquiring breaker contact data containing preset alloy materials; According to the data of the breaker contacts, an arc generating system is controlled to ignite between the breaker contacts, wherein the arc generating system comprises an alternating-current high-voltage low-current system and an intermediate-frequency low-voltage high-current system; Controlling an alternating-current high-voltage small-current system to generate an electric arc between breaker contacts, applying a magnetic field to the electric arc to induce a rotating arc or a diffusion arc, and collecting temperature parameters of the electric arc by using a schlieren system in the process of inducing the rotating arc or the diffusion arc; Controlling a medium-frequency low-voltage high-current system to pass through current among the breaker contacts, simulating medium-frequency arc initiated under the medium-frequency on-off working condition of the medium-frequency breaker, and collecting electrical performance data and ablation data of the breaker contacts in the process of initiating the medium-frequency arc; Carrying out statistical analysis on temperature parameters of the electric arc, calculating an electric arc stability index, calculating a degradation degree index of the circuit breaker contact according to the electric performance