CN-122017410-A - Online monitoring method and system for lightning arrester

CN122017410ACN 122017410 ACN122017410 ACN 122017410ACN-122017410-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an on-line monitoring method and system for a lightning arrester, which relate to the technical field of lightning arrester monitoring and comprise an energy management unit, a monitoring unit, a main control and diagnosis unit and related peripherals, wherein the monitoring unit comprises a fault symptom sensing module and an energy event sensing module. The monitoring system is in a non-response state in a normal state, and is triggered to enter a response state by event driving, so that the system only maintains the ultra-low power consumption operation of microampere level of the monitoring unit in most of time, even if the on-line monitoring device is in the extreme conditions of continuous overcast and rains and weak leakage current, the weak energy collected by the energy management unit can maintain continuous monitoring of the monitoring unit, the uninterrupted monitoring process is ensured, and when the power input is abundant, the system does not consume energy unnecessarily, thereby concentrating limited energy at the most critical monitoring moment, and ensuring that the monitoring device can work for a long time more stably without any external auxiliary power supply.

Inventors

WEI GUOSONG
CHEN CHENGGANG
LI XIUKUN
WANG CHUNHU
LIU BIN
KANG DINGZENG

Assignees

南阳中威电气有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260203

Claims (10)

1. An on-line monitoring method for a lightning arrester is characterized by comprising the following steps: In a non-response state, continuously monitoring at least one characteristic parameter related to the state of the lightning arrester and the energy state of the energy storage module through the monitoring unit; The monitoring unit asynchronously generates different types of wake-up events according to the monitoring result, wherein the types of the wake-up events at least comprise a first type of event triggered by the characteristic parameter meeting a preset condition and a second type of event triggered by the energy state of the energy storage module reaching a preset threshold; Responding to any awakening event, and selecting and executing a corresponding monitoring diagnosis task from a plurality of predefined response strategies by the main control and diagnosis unit according to the awakened event type and the current energy state; after the selected monitoring and diagnosis task is executed, the main control and diagnosis unit and the unnecessary module are controlled to be powered down, and the non-response state is recovered.
2. The method for on-line monitoring of an arrester of claim 1, wherein the characteristic parameter comprises a leakage current signal of the arrester, and the triggering condition of the first event is that a time domain or frequency domain characteristic of the leakage current signal, relative to a dynamically updated baseline value, satisfies a preset deviation condition.
3. The method for on-line monitoring of a lightning arrester according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined deviation condition is an action event identified based on the leakage current signal, the time-space characteristic combination of which conforms to at least one predetermined failure mode associated with a specific failure mechanism of the valve plate of the lightning arrester; wherein the space-time feature combination is used for distinguishing a cumulative aging mode caused by multiple operation overvoltage from a normal protection mode of single lightning impulse; The distinguishing is realized by counting the accumulated occurrence frequency of action events in a preset first time window, calculating accumulated energy integral of all action events in the same time window, and judging an accumulated aging mode when the accumulated occurrence frequency exceeds a first frequency threshold and the accumulated energy integral is lower than the first energy threshold.
4. The method of on-line monitoring of a lightning arrester of claim 1, wherein the second type of event comprises an energy sufficiency event triggered when an energy level of the energy storage module is detected to be above an energy threshold; The monitoring and diagnosing task executed in response to the energy sufficient event comprises the steps of continuously collecting full current waveforms and resistive current components of at least one power frequency period at a sampling rate not lower than a first sampling rate, synchronously collecting the body temperature and the environment temperature of the lightning arrester, and calculating the current health state index of the lightning arrester based on the full current waveforms, the resistive current components and the temperature data.
5. The method for on-line monitoring of lightning arresters according to claim 1, wherein the response strategy is selected according to the current energy state in response to the first type of event, and specifically comprises: acquiring a voltage value of a current energy storage module, and executing a simplified diagnosis strategy if the voltage value is lower than a preset voltage threshold, wherein the simplified diagnosis strategy at least comprises local warning and event recording; And if the voltage value is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold value, executing a complete diagnosis strategy, wherein the complete diagnosis strategy comprises the steps of collecting leakage current waveforms, carrying out frequency spectrum or harmonic analysis on the waveforms to determine fault characteristics, and remotely transmitting a diagnosis report containing the fault characteristics and a time stamp through a wireless communication module.
6. The on-line monitoring method of claim 2, wherein the dynamically updated baseline value is adaptively adjusted according to the historical data of the leakage current signal and the environmental temperature parameter, and the specific adjustment mode is as follows: calculating a moving average value of the effective value of the leakage current signal by taking a preset second time window as a period; According to the environment temperature acquired in real time, a prestored temperature-leakage current correction coefficient table is inquired, a correction coefficient at the current temperature is obtained, and the moving average value is multiplied by the correction coefficient to obtain an updated dynamic baseline value.
7. An on-line monitoring system for an arrester, for implementing the on-line monitoring method for an arrester according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: The energy management unit is used for acquiring and storing electric energy and comprises an energy storage module and an energy state monitoring circuit; the monitoring unit is powered by the energy management unit in a normal state and is in a non-response state, and comprises: the fault symptom sensing module is used for continuously monitoring at least one characteristic parameter related to the state of the lightning arrester and generating a first type wake-up signal when the parameter meets a preset condition; the energy event sensing module is connected to the energy state monitoring circuit and is used for generating a second type wake-up signal when the energy state of the energy storage module reaches a preset threshold value; The main control and diagnosis unit is respectively connected with the monitoring unit and the energy management unit, defaults to be in a low-power consumption state, is configured to be awakened in response to the first type or the second type of awakening signals, executes corresponding monitoring and diagnosis tasks according to the types of the awakening signals and the current energy state, and controls the main control and diagnosis unit and the associated modules to enter the low-power consumption state after the tasks are completed.
8. The lightning arrester on-line monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the energy event sensing module is configured to monitor a voltage of the energy storage module and generate the second type wake-up signal when the voltage is above a predetermined energy threshold.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the fault symptom sensing module is implemented by a separate low power microcontroller or dedicated logic circuit configured to run an algorithm capable of computing a combination of temporal and spatial characteristics of the action events and match the combination to a library of pre-stored characteristic vectors characterizing different fault modes to determine whether to generate the first type of wake-up signal.
10. The on-line monitoring system of claim 9, wherein the main control and diagnosis unit is further configured to read a real-time voltage value of the energy state monitoring circuit when responding to the first type wake-up signal, and dynamically select the type of the peripheral module, the data acquisition precision or the communication intensity to be started according to a preset voltage interval to which the voltage value belongs; The preset voltage interval at least comprises a low energy interval and a high energy interval divided by the voltage threshold.

Description

Online monitoring method and system for lightning arrester Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of lightning arrester monitoring, in particular to an on-line lightning arrester monitoring method and system. Background In outdoor or remote places such as transmission lines, distributed new energy stations and the like, the deployment of an on-line monitoring device for a lightning arrester faces the fundamental challenge that a stable and continuous industrial power supply is difficult to acquire, and a traditional wired electricity taking or battery power supply scheme is either high in cost or not sustainable in a device life cycle of up to several years or even ten years, so that most advanced monitoring technologies based on continuous or high-frequency sampling cannot fall to the ground in such a scene. China patent with the application number 202511578522.4 discloses an on-line monitoring system of a lightning arrester based on self power supply. According to the invention, electric energy is directly obtained from leakage current of the lightning arrester through a self-powered design, dependence on an external power supply is eliminated preliminarily, average power consumption is reduced through hardware circuit optimization and intermittent dormancy, and all data are awakened and collected according to a fixed period. However, since the leakage current of the lightning arrester is unstable and the periodically sampled energy consumption is fixed, this results in that the monitoring system cannot guarantee the basic monitoring function during the period of energy shortage, and energy may be wasted due to the fixed acquisition frequency during the period of energy abundance. Even if a new solar power supply mode is added on the basis of the scheme, under the working conditions of continuous overcast and rainy, no lightning current and smaller leakage current, the energy collection rate may be lower than the power consumption required by the system to complete one-time complete collection, so that the monitoring data is interrupted, otherwise, when the energy source is abundant, the energy source is wasted because the fixed collection frequency cannot utilize redundant energy to perform denser or deeper monitoring. Therefore, the invention provides an on-line monitoring method and an on-line monitoring system for a lightning arrester to solve the problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an on-line monitoring method and an on-line monitoring system for a lightning arrester, which are used for solving the technical problems in the background technology. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the technical scheme that the on-line monitoring method of the lightning arrester comprises the following steps of: In a non-response state, continuously monitoring at least one characteristic parameter related to the state of the lightning arrester and the energy state of the energy storage module through the monitoring unit; The monitoring unit asynchronously generates different types of wake-up events according to the monitoring result, wherein the types of the wake-up events at least comprise a first type of event triggered by the characteristic parameter meeting a preset condition and a second type of event triggered by the energy state of the energy storage module reaching a preset threshold; Responding to any awakening event, and selecting and executing a corresponding monitoring diagnosis task from a plurality of predefined response strategies by the main control and diagnosis unit according to the awakened event type and the current energy state; after the selected monitoring and diagnosis task is executed, the main control and diagnosis unit and the unnecessary module are controlled to be powered down, and the non-response state is recovered. Preferably, the characteristic parameter comprises a leakage current signal of the lightning arrester, and the triggering condition of the first event is that the time domain or frequency domain characteristic of the leakage current signal meets a preset deviation condition relative to a dynamically updated baseline value. Preferably, the time-space characteristic combination of the action event identified based on the leakage current signal accords with at least one preset fault mode associated with a specific failure mechanism of the lightning arrester valve plate; wherein the space-time feature combination is used for distinguishing a cumulative aging mode caused by multiple operation overvoltage from a normal protection mode of single lightning impulse; The distinguishing is realized by counting the accumulated occurrence frequency of action events in a preset first time window, calculating accumulated energy integral of all action events in the same time window, and judging an accumulated aging mode when the accumulated occurrence frequency exceeds a first frequency threshold and the accumulated energ