CN-122017469-A - Power distribution network partial discharge fault positioning device and method

CN122017469ACN 122017469 ACN122017469 ACN 122017469ACN-122017469-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for positioning partial discharge faults of a power distribution network, which relate to the technical field of power distribution network fault positioning and comprise the following steps: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a multidimensional analysis module, an intelligent tracing module, a directional verification module, a report generation module and a local database, wherein the modules are used for cooperatively integrating discharge pulses and load data of corresponding lines, accurately distinguishing a plurality of discharge sources and locking fault branches through feature extraction, association analysis and historical data verification, accurately positioning the faults to specific equipment nodes in a power supply branch through space-time signal propagation path analysis and multi-algorithm cooperative optimization, outputting a structured report, greatly improving positioning accuracy and efficiency, and providing reliable support for operation and maintenance of a power distribution network.

Inventors

TIAN YUAN
SHI WANYUN

Assignees

南京洪桐电力科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260409

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a distribution network partial discharge fault positioning device which is characterized in that the module includes: the data acquisition module is used for synchronously acquiring discharge pulse signals and load change data of corresponding lines in real time from local discharge sensors deployed at key nodes of the power distribution network and a monitoring and data acquisition system; The multidimensional analysis module is used for carrying out fusion analysis on the received discharge pulse signals and the load change data of the corresponding lines; The intelligent tracing module is used for judging the association strength between the discharge activity and the load event according to a preset load association judgment rule and generating an initial tracing assumption aiming at a specific power supply branch; The directional verification module is used for aiming at the power supply branch pointed by the initial tracing hypothesis, calling the space-time signal data of all monitoring points of the branch to carry out propagation path analysis so as to verify the hypothesis and locate the fault at a specific equipment node in the power supply branch; and the report generation module is used for generating and outputting a structured report containing the fault specific equipment node and the relevance criterion.
2. The apparatus for positioning a partial discharge fault of a power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the fusion analysis of the received discharge pulse signal and the load change data of the corresponding line includes: the discharge characteristic extraction unit is used for identifying and extracting the time sequence occurrence rule and the intensity change trend of the discharge pulse from the received discharge pulse signal to form characteristic information representing the discharge activity; and the association analysis unit is used for comparing the discharge activity with the specific load event identified from the load change data of the corresponding line to form association information between the discharge activity and the load event.
3. The power distribution network partial discharge fault locating device according to claim 2, wherein the characteristic information for representing the discharge activity is formed by the specific method that: The method comprises the steps of performing filtering processing on received discharge pulse signals, identifying and extracting effective discharge pulse signals by adopting a self-adaptive dynamic threshold algorithm based on signal statistics characteristics, performing cluster analysis on the effective discharge pulse signals according to the amplitude, polarity and phase characteristics of the discharge pulse signals, dividing the effective discharge pulse signals representing a unified discharge source into a cluster, and forming characteristic information representing discharge activities by extracting the statistics characteristics and time sequence characteristics of each cluster of the effective discharge pulse signals in unit time.
4. The power distribution network partial discharge fault locating device according to claim 2, wherein the correlation information between the discharge activity and the load event comprises the following specific steps: If the load change amplitude in the received load data is larger than a preset warning load change amplitude threshold, judging a load event, recording the load change rate, the load change amplitude and the duration of the load event, counting to obtain each load event, and aligning each identified load event with each cluster of discharge activities obtained through cluster analysis on a time axis; And extracting characteristic information of each cluster of discharge activity corresponding to each load event in a preset time association window, respectively calculating correlation coefficients between the characteristic data of each load event and the characteristic information of each cluster of discharge activity by adopting a Pearson correlation coefficient algorithm, judging that the load event is associated with the discharge activity if the correlation coefficient between the characteristic data of a certain load event and the characteristic information of a certain discharge activity is greater than a preset association threshold, and integrating the characteristic data of the load event and the characteristic information of the discharge activity corresponding to the load event to form the correlation information between the discharge activity and the load event.
5. The power distribution network partial discharge fault positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the preset load association determination rule comprises a correlation strength rule and a time sequence matching rule, wherein the correlation strength rule refers to that a correlation coefficient between characteristic data of a load event and characteristic information of discharge activity is required to be larger than a preset association threshold; The time sequence matching rule means that the absolute value of the time difference between the occurrence time of the discharge activity characteristic information and the occurrence time of the load event is required to be smaller than a preset time sequence tolerance threshold value.
6. The positioning device for partial discharge faults of a power distribution network according to claim 5, wherein the method for judging the association strength between discharge activity and load event is as follows: when the correlation strength rule and the time sequence matching rule are met between a certain discharging activity and a certain load event, judging that the discharging activity is strongly correlated with the load event; When any one rule of a correlation strength rule and a time sequence matching rule is only met between a certain discharging activity and a certain load event, judging that the discharging activity is moderately correlated with the load event; When the correlation strength rule and the time sequence matching rule are not satisfied between a certain discharging activity and a certain load event, the discharging activity and the load event are judged to be in weak correlation.
7. The power distribution network partial discharge fault locating device according to claim 6, wherein the generating an initial tracing assumption for a specific power supply branch comprises the following specific methods: when the strong correlation between the discharge activity and the load event is judged, directly taking a power supply branch circuit with the discharge activity as an initial tracing assumption; When the medium association between the discharging activity and the load event is judged, carrying out matching degree analysis on characteristic information of the current discharging activity and a typical fault development mode in a branch history discharging characteristic library, and simultaneously combining type attribute of the current load event with change trend consistency verification of a history contemporaneous load event, if the matching degree of the current discharging activity characteristic and the history fault development mode is larger than a preset high matching threshold value and the type attribute of the current load event is consistent with the change trend of the history contemporaneous load event, taking a power supply branch corresponding to the discharging activity as an initial tracing assumption, otherwise, not generating the initial tracing assumption of a specific power supply branch; when it is determined that there is a weak association between the discharge activity and the load event, then no initial tracing assumption of the specific power supply branch is generated.
8. A power distribution network partial discharge fault locating device according to claim 7, wherein said verifying the assumption and locating the fault at a specific equipment node in said power supply branch is as follows: According to a specific power supply branch which is used as an initial tracing assumption, acquiring time-space signal data of all monitoring points along the power supply branch, and comparing time stamps corresponding to the same effective discharge pulse signal recorded by each monitoring point by a signal arrival time difference positioning method to obtain a time stamp difference value between every two monitoring points; extracting the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the cable from a local database, multiplying the time stamp difference value between every two monitoring points by the propagation speed to obtain a corresponding relative distance difference value, constructing hyperbolas taking each pair of monitoring points as focuses according to the relative distance difference value, counting to obtain a plurality of hyperbolas, carrying out optimization calculation on the intersection areas of the hyperbolas by using a least square method, and positioning the fault point to a specific equipment node in the power supply branch.
9. The power distribution network partial discharge fault location device according to claim 8, wherein the generating and outputting the structured report including the fault specific equipment node and the relevance criterion comprises the following specific methods: Integrating the determined fault specific equipment node information and generated relevance criteria, wherein the fault specific equipment node information comprises equipment numbers, position coordinates and power supply branches, the generated relevance criteria comprise relevance information between discharge activities and load events, relevance intensity, characteristic information of the discharge activities and corresponding load event characteristic data, the determined fault specific equipment node information and the generated relevance criteria are subjected to structured packaging through a built-in report template engine, report content in a standardized format is automatically generated, and a complete structured report is output to a power distribution network monitoring system.
10. A positioning method for performing a positioning device for partial discharge faults in a power distribution network according to any of claims 1 to 9, comprising: Step 1, data acquisition, namely synchronously acquiring a discharge pulse signal and load change data of a corresponding line in real time from a local discharge sensor deployed at a key node of a power distribution network and a monitoring and data acquisition system; step 2, multidimensional analysis, which is to perform fusion analysis on the received discharge pulse signal and the load change data; Step 3, intelligent tracing, namely judging the association strength between the discharge activity and the load event according to a preset load association judging rule, and generating an initial tracing assumption aiming at a specific power supply branch; Step 4, directional verification, namely, aiming at a power supply branch pointed by the initial tracing hypothesis, calling space-time signal data of all monitoring points of the branch to carry out propagation path analysis so as to verify the hypothesis and locate faults at specific equipment nodes in the power supply branch; and 5, generating a report, namely generating and outputting a structured report containing the fault specific equipment node and the relevance criterion.

Description

Power distribution network partial discharge fault positioning device and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution network fault positioning, in particular to a power distribution network partial discharge fault positioning device and method. Background The partial discharge fault location of the power distribution network is one of key technologies for guaranteeing the stable operation of the power distribution network, in recent years, the development of signal processing, data analysis and machine learning technologies promotes the evolution of a location thought of multi-dimensional data fusion, the upgrading from rough branch location to specific equipment node location is gradually realized, meanwhile, the reliability and the efficiency of fault location are further improved through the optimization of feature extraction and association analysis technologies, and a technical foundation is laid for the rapid troubleshooting of the power distribution network. The invention patent application with publication number of CN119881524A discloses a power distribution network partial discharge fault positioning method based on directional calibration, which comprises the steps of installing a Rogowski coil directional calibration sensor at a power distribution network node, identifying CC line partial discharge, comparing the synchronous time difference of signals of a tail end sensor, combining multi-sensor data to position faults, reducing cost and enhancing efficiency, and the invention patent application with publication number of CN115754625B discloses a power distribution equipment fault monitoring device in a power distribution network. As can be seen from the above scheme, the existing positioning methods based on Rogowski coils are limited, the positioning faults are only positioned by comparing time differences of sensor signals, correlation analysis is not performed by combining with load change data of a circuit, and accurate tracing of fault causes is difficult, but the monitoring device of a mechanical moving mechanism is relied on, although the omnibearing scanning of a cable can be realized, the effective distinguishing capability of a plurality of discharge sources is lacking, the positioning accuracy is more remained at a rough area level, and the accurate landing to a specific equipment node is difficult, meanwhile, the prior art generally fails to fully integrate historical fault data with load trend verification, and is insufficient in positioning reliability and pertinence when facing a complex scene of coexistence of multiple causes and multiple discharge sources of a power distribution network, so that the actual requirement of accurate fault investigation is difficult to be met. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical defects, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for positioning partial discharge faults of a power distribution network. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the first aspect of the invention provides a partial discharge fault positioning device for a power distribution network, which comprises a data acquisition module, a control module and a control module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for synchronously acquiring discharge pulse signals and load change data of corresponding circuits in real time from a partial discharge sensor deployed at a key node of the power distribution network and a monitoring and data acquisition system. And the multidimensional analysis module is used for carrying out fusion analysis on the received discharge pulse signals and the load change data of the corresponding line. And the intelligent tracing module is used for judging the association strength between the discharge activity and the load event according to a preset load association judgment rule and generating an initial tracing assumption aiming at a specific power supply branch. And the directional verification module is used for aiming at the power supply branch pointed by the initial tracing hypothesis, calling the space-time signal data of all monitoring points of the branch to carry out propagation path analysis so as to verify the hypothesis and locate the fault at a specific equipment node in the power supply branch. And the report generation module is used for generating and outputting a structured report containing the fault specific equipment node and the relevance criterion. The invention provides a positioning method of a power distribution network partial discharge fault positioning device, which comprises the following steps of 1, data acquisition, namely synchronously and real-timely acquiring discharge pulse signals and load change data of corresponding lines from partial discharge sensors deployed at key nodes of the power distribution network and a monitoring and data acquisition system. And 2, carrying out multidimensional