CN-122017733-A - High-precision positioning method for multi-user multi-mode system

CN122017733ACN 122017733 ACN122017733 ACN 122017733ACN-122017733-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision positioning method of a multi-user multi-mode system, which comprises the steps of deducing a receiving array element observation vector, constructing a space-mode receiving model, dividing subarray groups, deducing the relation between subarray space-mode flow pattern matrixes, substituting the relation between subarray space-mode flow pattern matrixes, and obtaining multi-user DOA estimation by adopting an ESPRIT method. Compared with the prior DOA estimation scheme facing the multi-mode system, the method has the advantages that the estimated interference source quantity is more, the multi-user positioning problem is effectively solved, the multi-user estimation precision is improved, and the calculation complexity is reduced.

Inventors

HAN CHUANG
WEI XIAOYUAN
ZHANG ZHAOLIN
SUN YANDONG
SHI JINCHENG
HE CHENGYAN
WANG LING

Assignees

西北工业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260209

Claims (9)

1. A high-precision positioning method of a multi-user multi-mode system is characterized by comprising the following steps: step1, deducing and receiving array element observation vectors; Step 2, constructing a space-mode receiving model; dividing a subarray group, and deducing the relation between subarray space-modal flow pattern matrixes; And 4, substituting the relation between the subarray space and the modal flow pattern matrix, and obtaining DOA estimation of a plurality of base station users by adopting an ESPRIT method.
2. The high-precision positioning method of a multi-user and multi-mode system according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 is specifically: the array model adopted is The uniform concentric array UCCAs of the antenna array elements consists of 3 uniform circular arrays UCA of 4 array elements and 1 array element of a common circle center, and the array elements of UCCAs are numbered according to the sequence from top to bottom and from left to right; establishing a rectangular coordinate system on a plane where the antenna array is located by taking the circle center as an origin The array elements of UCAs in the innermost layer and the outermost layer are respectively positioned in the following way And Circle of radius and And At the intersection of the intermediate UCA's array elements Is a circle with radius, and the connection line between the array element and the origin is as follows Shaft and method for producing the same The included angles between the shafts are 45 degrees; The receive array employs UCCAs, assuming the presence in the far field Each base station user is carried by each base station user A plurality of OAM modes, wherein In order to use the number of modes, , Is the modal value, wherein The array element position parameters of the original positions of the targets relative to the transmitting array are expressed as Wherein Represented as an azimuth angle, Denoted pitch angle; an array element 7 at the center of UCCAs is taken as a reference array element, the first The first array element to receive The individual base stations are at The observation vector expression of the modality: Wherein, the Is a constant term, in the formula Is the magnitude of the constant current density of the dipole, In units of imaginary numbers, For the permeability in a vacuum, In order to be of an angular frequency, For the length of the electric dipole, For the number of waveguides to be the same, For receiving array UCCAs th The distance between each array element and the circle center, Is the first Individual array elements The included angle of the positive half shaft, Is that The first class of bessel functions of the order, Is the first The distance from each base station user to the center of the receiving array UCCAs is Is the first The array element receives the first Individual base station user is at The gaussian white noise of the modal channel, In order to transmit the radius of a uniform circular array, Is the first Training signals of individual base station users are uncorrelated among different sources, and the following formula is satisfied: in the training stage, all user base station users send training sequences to the receiving base station at the same time, so that each array element of the receiving array has the mode of Is the array element pair Superposition of observation vectors of training sequences of each base station, for each array element After constant term compensation, obtain the first The receiving mode of each array element is The observation vector expression of (2) is: Wherein the method comprises the steps of Is the first The mode after each array element compensation constant is Gaussian white noise vector of the channel.
3. The high-precision positioning method of a multi-user and multi-mode system according to claim 2, wherein the step 2 is specifically: The array element receiving mode is as follows The observation vectors of (3) are arranged according to the array element numbering sequence of UCCAs to obtain the mode as Is a matrix of observations of: Wherein the method comprises the steps of Is a space manifold matrix, the first The spatial steering vectors of the individual base station users are: Wherein the method comprises the steps of , The index of the array element in UCCAs is represented, Is UCCAs th The distance from each numbered array element to the origin; Is a modal manifold matrix, the first The modal steering vectors of the individual base station users are: Wherein the method comprises the steps of Representation of Is the first of (2) The number of rows of the device is, Representing converting the row vectors into a diagonal matrix; defining a user matrix Which is related to the base station user training matrix and the distance of the base station user to the receiving base station, In order to receive the number of beats of the training sequence, Is a base station user training sequence matrix, wherein Mode after being compensated constant A Gaussian white noise matrix of the channel; Stacking array observation data according to modes, wherein an observation matrix is expressed as: Wherein the method comprises the steps of Represents the Khatri-Rao product, definition For a space-modal flow pattern matrix, Is a gaussian white noise matrix.
4. A method for positioning a multi-user and multi-mode system with high accuracy according to claim 3, wherein said step 3 specifically comprises: According to the rotation invariance among UCCAs array elements, UCCAs is divided into three subarrays, and the array element number of each subarray Wherein subarray 1: { 12 34 7 8}, subarray 2: { 25 6 7 10 11}, subarray 3: { 36 7 8 11 12}; defining the space-modal flow pattern matrix corresponding to the 3 subarrays as 、 And In combination with the space-modal flow pattern matrix defined in step 2, the space-modal flow pattern matrices of subarray 1, subarray 2, subarray 3 are represented as 、、 Wherein For the spatial flow pattern matrix of subarrays 1, i.e. , Sub array 1 pair 1 The spatial steering vectors of the individual base station users are: is a spatial flow pattern matrix of subarrays 2, , Sub-array 2 pairs The spatial steering vectors of the individual base station users are: is a spatial streaming matrix of subarrays 3, , Subarray 3 pairs of The spatial steering vectors of the individual base station users are: Will be Bringing into the space array flow pattern of the subarray, the space array flow pattern of the subarray satisfies the following rotation invariant relation: Wherein the method comprises the steps of , Are diagonal matrices, wherein diagonal elements of the matrix are respectively , ; Thus, the space-modal flow pattern of the subarray 、、 The method meets the following conditions: 。
5. the high-precision positioning method of a multi-user and multi-mode system according to claim 4, wherein the step 4 is specifically: for the observation matrix in the step 2, calculating a covariance matrix thereof: Wherein the method comprises the steps of For the user covariance matrix, Is a noise covariance matrix; For a pair of And (3) decomposing the characteristic value to obtain: Wherein the method comprises the steps of Is a diagonal matrix with diagonal elements of Is used for the characteristic value of the (c), Is that Is a eigenvector matrix of (1) The characteristic values of the (B) are arranged from big to small Take the maximum Diagonal matrix of individual eigenvalues Its corresponding feature vector forms a signal subspace Thus from Respectively extracting corresponding array element rows corresponding to the three subarrays to respectively form signal subspaces 、、 ; According to the theory of the subspace, And (3) with Is the same, i.e. satisfies Thus there is a non-singular matrix So that So that the sub-array signal subspace corresponding to the sub-array also satisfies 、 And ; According to the least square method, calculate And The method comprises the following steps: The rotary constant closing tie in the step 3 can be obtained by: Thus pair of , Respectively carrying out eigenvalue decomposition to obtain two eigenvalue diagonal matrixes including parameters 、、 And ; The eigenvectors corresponding to different eigenvalues are mutually orthogonal, so that a sorting matrix is constructed The following are provided: Will be According to Is reordered after order matching to And (3) making: Wherein the method comprises the steps of Is that Is on the diagonal of (2) The number of elements to be added to the composition, Is that Diagonal line of the first line An element; Obtain the first The DOA of the individual base station users is estimated as follows: Similarly, DOA estimated values of all base station users are obtained 。
6. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory for storing a computer program, the processor for executing the computer program stored by the memory to cause the electronic device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A chip comprising a processor for calling and running a computer program from a memory, causing a device on which the chip is mounted to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
9. A computer program product comprising a computer storage medium storing a computer program comprising instructions executable by at least one processor, the instructions when executed by the at least one processor implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.

Description

High-precision positioning method for multi-user multi-mode system Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a high-precision positioning method of a multi-user multi-mode system. Background The multi-mode system has the potential of improving the capacity of a communication channel, however, if the receiving and transmitting beam misalignment affects the accuracy of the modal receiving detection and the channel capacity is seriously reduced, the perfect alignment of the beam between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna needs to be ensured, so how to accurately position the base station user by the receiving end, and accurately estimate the DOA (Direction-of-arrival) in the training stage is a key step for realizing the beam alignment, thereby ensuring the system performance of wireless communication. In the conventional DOA estimation method of the multi-user multi-mode system, the multi-mode communication system carries out DOA estimation by sending a known training sequence in a training stage, receives single-channel signals obtained by summing signals received by each array element of an array, adopts a plurality of subspace class algorithms to carry out parameter estimation by utilizing the degree of freedom of a modal domain, but the estimation performance of the current method depends on the mode number or the mode/frequency number of the training sequence due to different position angles of a multi-target base station, so that the training cost is higher. However, the existing DOA estimation method of the array signal has been developed and mature, and a subspace class algorithm, a sparse reconstruction class and the like can realize the DOA estimation with higher precision. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-precision positioning method of a multi-user multi-mode system, which is used for deducing the observation vector of a receiving array element, constructing a space-mode receiving model, dividing subarray groups, deducing the relation between subarray space-mode flow pattern matrixes, substituting the relation between subarray space-mode flow pattern matrixes, and obtaining multi-user DOA estimation by adopting an ESPRIT method. Compared with the prior DOA estimation scheme facing the multi-mode system, the method has the advantages that the estimated interference source quantity is more, the multi-user positioning problem is effectively solved, the multi-user estimation precision is improved, and the calculation complexity is reduced. The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: step1, deducing and receiving array element observation vectors; Step 2, constructing a space-mode receiving model; dividing a subarray group, and deducing the relation between subarray space-modal flow pattern matrixes; And 4, substituting the relation between the subarray space and the modal flow pattern matrix, and obtaining DOA estimation of a plurality of base station users by adopting an ESPRIT method. Preferably, the step 1 specifically includes: the array model adopted is The uniform concentric array UCCAs of the antenna array elements consists of 3 uniform circular arrays UCA of 4 array elements and 1 array element of a common circle center, and the array elements of UCCAs are numbered according to the sequence from top to bottom and from left to right; establishing a rectangular coordinate system on a plane where the antenna array is located by taking the circle center as an origin The array elements of UCAs in the innermost layer and the outermost layer are respectively positioned in the following wayAndCircle of radius andAndAt the intersection of the intermediate UCA's array elementsIs a circle with radius, and the connection line between the array element and the origin is as followsShaft and method for producing the sameThe included angles between the shafts are 45 degrees; The receive array employs UCCAs, assuming the presence in the far field Each base station user is carried by each base station userA plurality of OAM modes, whereinIn order to use the number of modes,,Is the modal value, whereinThe array element position parameters of the original positions of the targets relative to the transmitting array are expressed asWhereinRepresented as an azimuth angle,Denoted pitch angle; an array element 7 at the center of UCCAs is taken as a reference array element, the first The first array element to receiveThe individual base stations are atThe observation vector expression of the modality: Wherein, the Is a constant term, in the formulaIs the magnitude of the constant current density of the dipole,In units of imaginary numbers,For the permeability in a vacuum,In order to be of an angular frequency,For the length of the electric dipole,For the number of waveguides to be the same,For receiving array UCCAs thThe distance bet