CN-122017754-A - Calibration method based on multiple-input multiple-output phased array radar system

CN122017754ACN 122017754 ACN122017754 ACN 122017754ACN-122017754-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of phased array radars and discloses a calibration method based on a multiple-input multiple-output phased array radar system, which comprises the steps of reserving transmission channels group by group and closing other transmission channels when calibrating the transmission channels, and measuring and calibrating until the calibration coefficients of the transmission channels under each frequency point are determined after traversing all the transmission channels; and when the receiving channels are calibrated, reserving the receiving channels group by group and closing other receiving channels, and performing measurement calibration until the calibration coefficients of the receiving channels under each frequency point are determined after all the receiving channels are traversed. The invention can calibrate the antenna radiation array, the calibration network, the wave control, the channel extension and the signal division machine from the angle of the whole machine, avoids the calibration from a single component, calibrates the amplitude and the phase of the system transceiver by using a single calibration channel, ensures the relativity of the calibration result by using the same pulse string, and reduces the consumption of hardware resources.

Inventors

WU XIAONAN
CHEN SHIQIANG
WANG GUOBIN
SHENG LEI
XIE LEI
WAN ZHIWEI

Assignees

贵州航天电子科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260115

Claims (9)

1. A calibration method based on a multiple-input multiple-output phased array radar system is characterized by comprising the steps of reserving transmitting channels group by group and closing other transmitting channels when the transmitting channels are calibrated, measuring and calibrating until the calibration coefficient of the transmitting channels under each frequency point is determined after all the transmitting channels are traversed, and reserving receiving channels group by group and closing other receiving channels when the receiving channels are calibrated, measuring and calibrating until the calibration coefficient of the receiving channels under each frequency point is determined after all the receiving channels are traversed.
2. The method of calibrating a multiple-input multiple-output phased array radar system of claim 1, wherein the transmit channel calibration comprises the steps of: S11, switching the calibration channel to a receiving state; S12, initial value, namely, the value of a sequence number i is 1, and the number of transmitting channels is N; S13, measuring and calibrating, namely opening an ith group of transmitting channels as a calibrating channel, closing other transmitting channels, and measuring the amplitude and phase value Ti of a signal received by the calibrating channel in one CPI; s14, judging whether i is equal to N, if so, entering the next step, if not, automatically increasing 1 and returning to the step S12; And S15, determining a calibration coefficient, wherein the calibration coefficient of the emission channel under each frequency point is [1 TK2 TK3.. TKn ].
3. The method of calibrating a multiple-input multiple-output based phased array radar system of claim 1, wherein the receive channel calibration comprises the steps of: S21, switching the calibration channel into an emission state; S22, initial value, namely the value of a sequence number i is 1, and the number of receiving channels is N; S23, measuring and calibrating, namely opening an ith receiving channel as a calibrating channel, closing other receiving channels, and measuring the amplitude and phase value Ri of a signal received by the calibrating channel in one CPI; s24, judging whether i is equal to N, if so, entering the next step, if not, automatically increasing 1 and returning to the step S12; S25, determining a calibration coefficient to obtain the calibration coefficient of the receiving channel at each frequency point [1 RK2 RK3 ].
4. The method for calibrating a multiple-input multiple-output phased array radar system of claim 2, wherein the number of transmit channels in each set of transmit channels is one.
5. A method of calibrating a multiple-input multiple-output phased array radar system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the number of receive channels in each set of receive channels is one.
6. The method for calibrating a mimo phased array radar system according to claim 2, wherein the calibration coefficient TKi of the transmission channel at each frequency point is the inverse of the i-th transmission channel amplitude and phase value Ti with respect to the other transmission channel amplitude and phase values T (N-1), tki=t (N-1)/Ti.
7. A calibration method based on a multiple-input multiple-output phased array radar system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the calibration coefficient RKi of the receiving channel at each frequency point is the inverse value of the i-th receiving channel amplitude and phase value Ri, relative to the other receiving channel amplitude and phase values R (N-1), rki=t (N-1)/Ti.
8. The method of calibrating a multiple-input multiple-output phased array radar system of claim 1, wherein the number of transmit channels and receive channels are identical.
9. The method of calibrating a multiple-input multiple-output phased array radar system according to claim 1, wherein the TR chip is powered off after the complete machine is powered up before the transmit channel calibration and the receive channel calibration.

Description

Calibration method based on multiple-input multiple-output phased array radar system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of phased array radars. Background Along with the development of electronic countermeasure technology, the electronic environment facing the phased array radar system is more and more complex, and the radar anti-interference can be effectively performed by adopting a multi-channel transmitting and multi-channel receiving MIMO system. However, in actual engineering, a large number of analog devices and active circuits exist in the phased array antenna and the integrated channel, so that amplitude and phase inconsistencies exist between the transmitting channel and the receiving channel, and the overall performance of the radar system is seriously affected. Therefore, a calibration method based on the multi-transmission and multi-reception phased array radar system needs to be further researched, the multi-transmission and multi-reception phased array radar system is calibrated in terms of transmitting and receiving amplitude and phase on the premise of guaranteeing the minimum calibration channels, and the overall performance of the system is guaranteed. The traditional phased array radar system has more researches on the method for calibrating the receiving and transmitting channels of the phased array antenna and the core chip, and has less researches on the method for calibrating the multi-receiving and multi-transmitting system of the whole radar system comprising the phased array antenna, the comprehensive channel, the signal processing and the like. As proposed by university of double denier 2022 Na et al, a multi-channel phased array transmitter amplitude alignment apparatus and method that only considers radio frequency transmit calibration, does not consider the radar system complete machine calibration method from the point of view of signal processing extensions, and does not analyze multi-channel reception. Li Gewei in the university of electronics and technology in 2023 proposes a method for researching and implementing a method for correcting amplitude-phase inconsistency of a multi-channel phased array radar, and the system only researches a multi-channel receiving calibration method and does not analyze a calibration method of a multi-transmission multi-reception system. The communication equipment company Xia Jie, inc. of Chongqing power of the year 2024 proposes an amplitude and phase error calibration circuit of a millimeter wave frequency band multichannel phased array chip, and the method aims at multichannel transceiving of the phased array chip and does not analyze a calibration method of a multi-transmission multi-reception system. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a calibration method based on a multiple-input multiple-output phased array radar system, which can reduce the system cost to the maximum extent, ensure the relativity of the calibration result by using the same pulse train and reduce the complexity of the calibration method. The invention provides a calibration method based on a multiple-input multiple-output phased array radar system, which comprises the steps of reserving transmitting channels group by group and closing other transmitting channels when the transmitting channels are calibrated, performing measurement calibration until the calibration coefficient of the transmitting channels under each frequency point is determined after all the transmitting channels are traversed, reserving receiving channels group by group and closing other receiving channels when the receiving channels are calibrated, and performing measurement calibration until the calibration coefficient of the receiving channels under each frequency point is determined after all the receiving channels are traversed. The transmit channel calibration comprises the steps of: S11, switching the calibration channel to a receiving state; S12, initial value, namely, the value of a sequence number i is 1, and the number of transmitting channels is N; S13, measuring and calibrating, namely opening an ith group of transmitting channels as a calibrating channel, closing other transmitting channels, and measuring the amplitude and phase value Ti of a signal received by the calibrating channel in one CPI; s14, judging whether i is equal to N, if so, entering the next step, if not, automatically increasing 1 and returning to the step S12; And S15, determining a calibration coefficient, wherein the calibration coefficient of the emission channel under each frequency point is [1 TK2 TK3.. TKn ]. The receive channel calibration comprises the steps of: S21, switching the calibration channel into an emission state; S22, initial value, namely the value of a sequence number i is 1, and the number of receiving channels is N; S23, measuring and calibrating, namely opening an ith receiving channel as a calibrating channel, closing other receiving channels, and