CN-122017934-A - Nuclear radiation monitoring system and apparatus

CN122017934ACN 122017934 ACN122017934 ACN 122017934ACN-122017934-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear radiation monitoring, and particularly relates to a nuclear radiation monitoring system and equipment, wherein the nuclear radiation monitoring system comprises a scintillator detector unit, a signal processing unit and a data processing unit, wherein the scintillator detector unit is used for converting incident gamma rays and/or X rays into electric pulse signals, the signal processing unit is connected with the scintillator detector unit in a signal mode and used for processing the electric pulse signals to output trigger signals and peak voltages, the data processing unit is connected with the signal processing unit in a signal mode and used for counting the trigger signals to obtain dose rates and accumulating the peak voltages to obtain energy spectrum data, and the dose rates and the energy spectrum data are uploaded to a cloud platform so that the cloud platform can determine nuclear radiation monitoring results based on the dose rates and the energy spectrum data. Therefore, the accuracy and the reliability of nuclear radiation monitoring are remarkably improved, the complexity and the cost of hardware are reduced, and the environmental adaptability of the system is improved.

Inventors

KANG HONGXIANG
WANG LIYE
Cui pan
Luo Diantao
WU JINGYUAN

Assignees

中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260105

Claims (10)

1. A nuclear radiation monitoring system, the system comprising: A scintillator detector unit for converting incident gamma rays and/or X-rays into an electrical pulse signal; The signal processing unit is in signal connection with the scintillator detector unit and is used for processing the electric pulse signal to output a trigger signal and a peak voltage; The data processing unit is in signal connection with the signal processing unit and is used for counting the trigger signals to obtain a dose rate and accumulating the peak voltage to obtain energy spectrum data, and uploading the dose rate and the energy spectrum data to a cloud platform so that the cloud platform can determine a nuclear radiation monitoring result based on the dose rate and the energy spectrum data.
2. The nuclear radiation monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the scintillator detector unit comprises an inorganic scintillator for converting the gamma rays and/or the X-rays into optical signals and a silicon photomultiplier for converting the optical signals into electrical pulse signals, which are connected to each other.
3. The nuclear radiation monitoring system of claim 2 wherein the inorganic scintillator is a GAGG: ce scintillator.
4. The nuclear radiation monitoring system of claim 2, wherein the signal processing unit comprises: The bias power supply is connected with the silicon photomultiplier and used for providing working bias voltage for the silicon photomultiplier; the amplifying circuit is used for receiving and amplifying the electric pulse signals output by the silicon photomultiplier; The filtering and shaping circuit is connected with the amplifying circuit and is used for filtering and shaping the amplified electric pulse signals; the comparator circuit is connected with the filtering and shaping circuit and is used for comparing the filtered and shaped electric pulse signals with preset voltage to discriminate preset pulse signals; the peak value extraction circuit is connected with the filtering and shaping circuit and is used for extracting the peak voltage of the electric pulse signal; And the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the peak value extraction circuit and is used for converting the peak voltage into a digital signal.
5. The nuclear radiation monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is a low-speed analog-to-digital conversion circuit.
6. The nuclear radiation monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the bias power source is further configured to automatically adjust a bias voltage output to the silicon photomultiplier based on an ambient temperature.
7. The nuclear radiation monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the data processing unit comprises a sampling control module in signal connection with the comparator circuit, the peak extraction circuit, and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, respectively, the sampling control module configured to: Collecting a preset pulse signal output by the comparator circuit, driving the analog-to-digital conversion circuit to work based on the preset pulse signal, and collecting a digital signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit after the analog-to-digital conversion circuit works so as to generate energy spectrum data according to the digital signal; The number of pulses of the trigger signal is acquired and the dose rate is determined based on the number of pulses.
8. The nuclear radiation monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the sampling control module is further configured to: And correcting the dose rate according to the energy spectrum data.
9. The nuclear radiation monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the sampling control module is further configured to: and after the acquisition of the digital signals is completed, resetting the peak value extraction circuit.
10. A nuclear radiation monitoring device comprising the nuclear radiation monitoring system of any one of claims 1-9.

Description

Nuclear radiation monitoring system and apparatus Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of nuclear radiation monitoring technology, and in particular, to a nuclear radiation monitoring system and device Background With the widespread development of nuclear power generation and the in-depth application of radioactive substances in the fields of medical treatment, industrial detection and the like, the monitoring of ionizing radiation in the environment becomes particularly important. Real-time and accurate radiation monitoring is required at the periphery of a nuclear power station, a hospital radiology department, an industrial nondestructive inspection place and the like so as to ensure public health and environmental safety. Particularly in nuclear accident emergency response, rapid identification of radionuclide species has a critical role in accident level assessment, pollution scope definition and subsequent disposal decisions. However, most commercial devices can only measure the environmental dose rate, and cannot acquire energy spectrum information, so that natural background and artificial radionuclides cannot be distinguished, and the accurate monitoring requirement is difficult to meet. The traditional energy spectrometer has the obvious defects that although the high-purity germanium detector is high in precision and needs liquid nitrogen for cooling, the size is huge and expensive, and the NaI (Tl) scintillator spectrometer is low in cost, but a photomultiplier tube of the NaI (Tl) scintillator needs high-voltage power supply and is sensitive to a magnetic field, the crystal is easy to deliquesce and poor in reliability, meanwhile, the system depends on a high-speed ADC (analog to digital converter) and an FPGA (field programmable gate array), the complexity and the cost are high, and the system is difficult to adapt to the large-scale deployment requirements of low cost and low power consumption. Disclosure of Invention The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a nuclear radiation monitoring system, which significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of nuclear radiation monitoring, reduces the complexity and cost of hardware, and improves the environmental adaptability of the system. A second object of the invention is to propose a nuclear radiation monitoring device. In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a nuclear radiation monitoring system, wherein the system comprises a scintillator detector unit for converting incident gamma rays and/or X rays into electric pulse signals, a signal processing unit connected with the scintillator detector unit for processing the electric pulse signals to output trigger signals and peak voltages, and a data processing unit connected with the signal processing unit for counting the trigger signals to obtain a dose rate and accumulating the peak voltages to obtain energy spectrum data, and uploading the dose rate and the energy spectrum data to a cloud platform so that the cloud platform determines a nuclear radiation monitoring result based on the dose rate and the energy spectrum data. According to the nuclear radiation monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the accuracy and reliability of nuclear radiation monitoring are obviously improved, the complexity and cost of hardware are reduced, and the environmental adaptability of the system is improved. In addition, the nuclear radiation monitoring system according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further include the following additional technical features: According to one embodiment of the invention, the scintillator detector unit comprises an inorganic scintillator for converting the gamma rays and/or the X-rays into optical signals and a silicon photomultiplier for converting the optical signals into electrical pulse signals, which are connected to each other. According to one embodiment of the invention, the inorganic scintillator is a GAGG: ce scintillator. According to one embodiment of the invention, the signal processing unit comprises a bias power supply, an amplifying circuit, a filtering and shaping circuit, a comparator circuit, a peak value extraction circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, wherein the bias power supply is connected with the silicon photomultiplier and used for providing working bias voltage for the silicon photomultiplier, the amplifying circuit is used for receiving and amplifying an electric pulse signal output by the silicon photomultiplier, the filtering and shaping circuit is connected with the amplifying circuit and used for filtering and shaping the amplified electric pulse signal, the comparator circuit is connected with the filtering and shaping circuit and used for comparing the filtered a