CN-122017936-A - Energy spectrum analysis method and system for rare earth perovskite X-ray detector

CN122017936ACN 122017936 ACN122017936 ACN 122017936ACN-122017936-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy spectrum analysis, and discloses an energy spectrum analysis method and system of a rare earth perovskite X-ray detector, wherein the rare earth perovskite is irradiated by the X-ray detector, an original current signal sequence output by the detector under the irradiation of X-rays is collected, the original current signal sequence is preprocessed, the preprocessed current signal is subjected to pulse shape screening, a current pulse signal corresponding to a single X-ray photon event is extracted, pulse characteristic parameters are extracted, the invention utilizes the unique response characteristic of rare earth perovskite material to X-ray energy, combines pulse shape discrimination technology and machine learning model, can distinguish X-ray photons with different energies with high precision, and realizes high-resolution energy spectrum analysis.

Inventors

ZHANG YI
JIANG PEI
ZHOU MENG
JING KE
CHU CHUNHE
ZHU YONGSHENG
YANG GANG

Assignees

河南科技大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260302

Claims (10)

1. The energy spectrum analysis method of the rare earth perovskite X-ray detector is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, irradiating rare earth perovskite through an X-ray detector, and generating characteristic response current signals related to photon energy when collecting X-ray photons with different energies for irradiation; s2, collecting an original current signal sequence output by a detector under X-ray irradiation; step S3, preprocessing an original current signal sequence to obtain a preprocessed current signal; Step S4, carrying out pulse shape screening on the preprocessed current signals, and extracting current pulse signals corresponding to single X-ray photon events; S5, extracting pulse characteristic parameters from each extracted current pulse signal; s6, inputting pulse characteristic parameters into an energy spectrum analysis model, and mapping and outputting corresponding X-ray photon energy by the energy spectrum analysis model according to the input pulse characteristic parameters; and S7, counting the energy of all the identified X-ray photons to generate an X-ray energy spectrum distribution diagram.
2. The energy spectrum analysis system of the rare earth perovskite X-ray detector is characterized by comprising an X-ray detector, an acquisition unit, a preprocessing unit, a screening unit, an extraction unit, an analysis unit and an energy spectrum unit, wherein the X-ray detector is used for irradiating rare earth perovskite, the acquisition unit is used for acquiring an original current signal sequence output under X-ray irradiation, the preprocessing unit is used for carrying out noise reduction and baseline correction processing on the original current signal sequence, the screening unit is used for carrying out data processed by the preprocessing unit, the extraction unit is used for carrying out current pulse signal extraction, the analysis unit is used for outputting X-ray photon energy, and the energy spectrum unit is used for generating an X-ray energy spectrum distribution diagram according to the X-ray photon energy.
3. The energy spectrum analysis system of the rare earth perovskite X-ray detector of claim 2, wherein the preprocessing unit comprises a noise reduction module and a correction module, the noise reduction module performs noise reduction processing in a wavelet transformation noise reduction mode, when the wavelet transformation noise reduction processing is performed, a wavelet basis function is adopted to decompose an original signal onto different scales to obtain a series of high-frequency and low-frequency wavelet coefficients, a threshold value is set, the wavelet coefficients are subjected to threshold value processing, the wavelet coefficients smaller than the threshold value are set to zero, coefficients larger than the threshold value are reserved, the processed wavelet coefficients are subjected to wavelet inverse transformation, and a noise-reduced current signal is reconstructed.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the calibration module receives the reconstructed current signal, and the calibration module performs signal calibration by using a dynamic baseline estimation method, and when performing dynamic baseline estimation processing, a time window is used to slide on the signal, a median or a low percentile of all data points in the window is calculated as a baseline estimation value of a central point of the window, a dynamic baseline curve is generated along with the sliding of the window, and the baseline curve is subtracted from the current signal after noise reduction to complete baseline calibration.
5. The energy spectrum analysis system of the rare earth perovskite X-ray detector of claim 2, wherein when the discrimination unit extracts the current pulse signal, a trigger time T is set, the preprocessed signal is received, the signal is compared with an adjustable threshold, and when the signal exceeds the threshold, the point is recorded as a trigger point, so that the signal data in a time window of the forward pushing trigger time T and the backward pushing trigger time T are triggered to be intercepted as data to be detected.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the discrimination unit performs a pile-up analysis on the data to be detected, and calculates a first derivative of the data to be detected and records the number and positions of positive peaks and corresponding negative peaks of the first derivative when the pile-up analysis is performed, wherein the data to be detected is a pile-up pulse when two or more positive peaks and corresponding negative peaks exist, the data to be detected is discarded when the pulses are piled up, and the data to be detected is a current pulse signal when only one group of positive peaks and corresponding negative peaks exist.
7. The energy spectrum analysis system of the rare earth perovskite X-ray detector according to claim 5, wherein the discrimination unit sends a current pulse signal to the extraction unit, the extraction unit extracts characteristic parameters including pulse amplitude, pulse rise time and pulse integration area from the current pulse signal, the extraction unit sends the extracted characteristic parameters to the analysis unit, the analysis unit combines the received characteristic parameters into a characteristic vector, and the analysis unit outputs X-ray photon energy through the energy spectrum analysis model in the input energy spectrum analysis model.
8. The energy spectrum analysis system of the rare earth perovskite X-ray detector of claim 7, wherein the energy spectrum analysis model in the analysis unit is obtained through training of a deep neural network model, a single-energy X-ray source with known energy is provided when the energy spectrum analysis model is trained, the rare earth perovskite X-ray detector to be trained is placed under the irradiation of an X-ray beam, current pulse signals are collected for the selected single-energy X-ray source, each pulse signal is marked with a corresponding real energy value, all marked data from different radiation sources are combined to form a total data set, the data set is randomly disordered, and the data set is divided into a training set, a verification set and a test set according to a mode of 70:15:15.
9. The system for energy spectrum analysis of rare earth perovskite X-ray detector according to claim 8, wherein each original pulse signal in the training set is subjected to noise reduction and baseline correction, characteristic parameters are extracted, the characteristic parameters form a characteristic vector, a deep neural network model is selected, the characteristic vectors of all samples in the training set are taken as input, corresponding labeling energy is taken as target output, model training is performed, and when a model loss function converges to a minimum value, training is completed, wherein the characteristic parameters in the training set are identical to the characteristic parameters extracted by the extraction unit.
10. The system of claim 2, wherein the energy spectrum unit receives X-ray photon energy, groups and counts the received X-ray photon energy to generate energy spectrum histogram data, smoothes the generated energy spectrum histogram data, converts the abscissa from the address to the energy value according to the energy-address relationship, and draws and updates the energy spectrum distribution map on the display device in real time.

Description

Energy spectrum analysis method and system for rare earth perovskite X-ray detector Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of energy spectrum analysis, in particular to a method and a system for analyzing energy spectrum of a rare earth perovskite X-ray detector. Background The X-ray energy spectrum analysis plays a vital role in the fields of medical imaging, safety inspection, industrial nondestructive detection, nuclear science and the like, and a traditional X-ray energy spectrum analysis system generally adopts a semiconductor detector such as silicon, germanium or tellurium-zinc-cadmium and the like. However, these materials have inherent disadvantages in that silicon and germanium detectors require complex cryogenic cooling systems, are bulky and inconvenient to use, and CZT materials, while excellent in performance, are expensive to prepare, difficult to grow crystals, difficult to apply in large areas, and limit their popularity; in recent years, perovskite materials have great potential in the field of X-ray detection because of the advantages of high atomic number, strong X-ray blocking capability, high carrier mobility-lifetime product, easiness in solution method preparation of low-cost large-area devices and the like. However, most of the current perovskite-based detector researches focus on improving the detection sensitivity and reducing the detection limit, and a systematic method and an effective solution are not yet available for distinguishing the X-ray photons with different energies by using the material characteristics of the perovskite detector, so that the prior art is difficult to realize high-resolution and real-time energy spectrum analysis without significantly increasing the complexity and cost of the system, and therefore, a method and a system for analyzing the energy spectrum of the rare earth perovskite X-ray detector are needed. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a rare earth perovskite X-ray detector energy spectrum analysis method and system, so as to solve the technical problems in the background art. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the energy spectrum analysis method of the rare earth perovskite X-ray detector comprises the following steps: S1, irradiating rare earth perovskite through an X-ray detector, and generating characteristic response current signals related to photon energy when collecting X-ray photons with different energies for irradiation; s2, collecting an original current signal sequence output by a detector under X-ray irradiation; step S3, preprocessing an original current signal sequence to obtain a preprocessed current signal; Step S4, carrying out pulse shape screening on the preprocessed current signals, and extracting current pulse signals corresponding to single X-ray photon events; S5, extracting pulse characteristic parameters from each extracted current pulse signal; s6, inputting pulse characteristic parameters into an energy spectrum analysis model, and mapping and outputting corresponding X-ray photon energy by the energy spectrum analysis model according to the input pulse characteristic parameters; and S7, counting the energy of all the identified X-ray photons to generate X-ray energy spectrum distribution. In a preferred embodiment, the rare earth perovskite X-ray detector energy spectrum analysis system comprises an X-ray detector, an acquisition unit, a preprocessing unit, a screening unit, an extraction unit, an analysis unit and an energy spectrum unit, wherein the X-ray detector is used for irradiating rare earth perovskite, the acquisition unit is used for acquiring an original current signal sequence output under X-ray irradiation, the preprocessing unit is used for carrying out noise reduction and baseline correction processing on the original current signal sequence, the screening unit is used for carrying out data processed by the preprocessing unit, the extraction unit is used for carrying out current pulse signal extraction, the analysis unit is used for outputting X-ray photon energy, and the energy spectrum unit is used for generating an X-ray energy spectrum distribution diagram according to the X-ray photon energy. In a preferred embodiment, the preprocessing unit includes a noise reduction module and a correction module, where the noise reduction module performs noise reduction processing by adopting a wavelet transform noise reduction mode, and when the wavelet transform noise reduction processing is performed, a wavelet basis function is used to decompose an original signal onto different scales to obtain a series of high-frequency and low-frequency wavelet coefficients, a threshold is set, the wavelet coefficients are subjected to threshold processing, the wavelet coefficients smaller than the threshold are set to zero, coefficients larger t