CN-122017955-A - Seismic data compression method, device, medium and equipment

CN122017955ACN 122017955 ACN122017955 ACN 122017955ACN-122017955-A

Abstract

The invention provides a method, a device, a medium and equipment for compressing seismic data, and belongs to the field of seismic exploration. The method comprises the steps of digitally analyzing the collected original seismic data, if the first 24 bits or the first 16 bits of the original seismic data are invalid data, compressing the original seismic data and storing the original seismic data, otherwise, directly storing the original seismic data. According to the invention, by carrying out statistical analysis on the characteristics of the collected original seismic data, the continuous invalid information data in a single data packet is compressed and marked, so that the seismic data integrity is ensured, the high-fidelity lossless compressed seismic data is ensured, the compressed storage capacity is obviously reduced, the use amount of a magnetic disk is greatly reduced, and the data management is more convenient, and the energy consumption and the management cost are reduced.

Inventors

LV KAILIANG
ZHOU QUAN
ZHU XIAOLIN

Assignees

中国石油化工股份有限公司
中石化石油物探技术研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20241111

Claims (10)

1. A method for compressing seismic data is characterized in that digital analysis is carried out on collected original seismic data, if the first 24 bits or the first 16 bits of the original seismic data are judged to be invalid data, the original seismic data are compressed and stored, otherwise, the original seismic data are directly stored.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: Firstly, collecting original seismic data; step two, judging whether the first 24 bits of the original seismic data are invalid data, if so, entering a step three, otherwise, entering a step four; Thirdly, compressing and storing original seismic data with the first 24 bits as invalid data; fourth, judging whether the first 16 bits of the original seismic data are invalid data, if so, entering a fifth step, otherwise, entering a sixth step; fifthly, compressing and storing original seismic data with the first 16 bits as invalid data; And sixthly, directly storing the original seismic data.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first step of acquiring raw seismic data comprises: Acquiring original seismic data by adopting a seismic prospecting instrument, wherein the acquisition time is more than or equal to 1s; The digital signal precision of the seismic prospecting instrument is 32 bits.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the second step of determining whether the first 24 bits of the original seismic data are invalid data comprises: If the first 24 of the original seismic data is all 0 or 1 and the last 8 bits do not exceed 0x7F, 127, the first 24 bits of the original seismic data are considered invalid data.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the third step of compressing the original seismic data for which the first 24 bits are invalid data comprises: Compressing after marking the flag bit of the data head, deleting all the first 24 bits of the data with all 0s, only reserving the data with the last 8 bits, For data with all 1's of the first 24 bits, all the first 24 bits are deleted, and the highest position of the last 8 bits is 1.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the fourth step of determining whether the first 16 bits of the original seismic data are invalid data comprises: The first 16 bits of the original seismic data are considered invalid data if the first 16 bits of the original seismic data are all 0 or 1 and the last 16 bits do not exceed 0x7 fff, 32767 at maximum.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein the compressing of the original seismic data for which the first 16 bits are invalid data in the fifth step comprises: compressing after marking the flag bit of the data head, deleting all the first 16 bits of the data with all the first 16 bits of 0, only preserving the data with the last 16 bits, For data with all 1's of the first 16 bits, all the first 16 bits are deleted, and the highest position for which the last 16 bits are 1's.
8. A seismic data compression apparatus, comprising: The data acquisition module is used for acquiring original seismic data; the first judging module is used for judging whether the first 24 bits of the original seismic data are invalid data or not; the first compression module is used for compressing the original seismic data with the first 24 bits as invalid data; the second judging module is used for judging whether the first 16 bits of the original seismic data are invalid data or not; the second compression module is used for compressing the original seismic data with the first 16 bits as invalid data; And the storage module is used for storing the compressed data or the original seismic data.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores at least one program executable by a computer, which when executed by the computer, causes the computer to perform the steps in the seismic data compression method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, wherein execution of the computer program by the processor causes the processor to perform the steps of the seismic data compression method of any of claims 1-7.

Description

Seismic data compression method, device, medium and equipment Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of seismic exploration, and particularly relates to a method, a device, a medium and equipment for compressing seismic data. Background With the rapid development of geophysical prospecting technology, the seismic prospecting instrument is continuously advanced towards the directions of high precision, high density and multiple components, and a large number of seismic instruments arranged on a seismic prospecting site can generate massive seismic prospecting data. The recovery and storage of vast amounts of seismic survey data will create significant challenges to both transmission bandwidth and storage capacity. For example, a single seismic survey meter with a sampling rate of 1KHz and a digital signal precision of 32 bits will produce more than 4KB of data per second, more than 345.6MB of data per day, and if there are 1 ten thousand seismic survey meters, the data volume will exceed 3.456TB, and the data of the whole survey cycle time will be huge. The data compression method can reduce the data volume from the source, and can ensure the data integrity of geophysical exploration without upgrading a transmission network and increasing the storage capacity. The traditional data compression method is to compress the whole seismic data which is collected and stored, the compression method is divided into lossy compression and lossless compression, the compression process is generally transformation, quantization and encoding, and the decompression process is the inverse operation of the compression process. The compression method needs to compress the complete seismic data, has long time consumption and more occupied resources, but the seismograph processor of the acquisition sensing end has limited computational power, and cannot adopt the original compression algorithm based on the requirements of low power consumption and high real-time seismic data acquisition performance. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a method, a device, a medium and equipment for compressing seismic data, which can compress the acquired original seismic data with high fidelity and no damage, obviously reduce the data storage amount after compression, greatly reduce the use amount of a magnetic disk, facilitate data management, reduce energy consumption and management cost, reduce the data transmission amount and reduce the cost of transmission equipment, and further accelerate geophysical exploration. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for compressing seismic data, in which digital analysis is performed on collected original seismic data, if it is determined that the first 24 bits or the first 16 bits of the original seismic data are invalid data, the original seismic data are compressed and stored, otherwise, the original seismic data are directly stored. The invention further improves that: the method comprises the following steps: Firstly, collecting original seismic data; step two, judging whether the first 24 bits of the original seismic data are invalid data, if so, entering a step three, otherwise, entering a step four; Thirdly, compressing and storing original seismic data with the first 24 bits as invalid data; fourth, judging whether the first 16 bits of the original seismic data are invalid data, if so, entering a fifth step, otherwise, entering a sixth step; fifthly, compressing and storing original seismic data with the first 16 bits as invalid data; And sixthly, directly storing the original seismic data. The invention further improves that: Step 1, original seismic data are collected, and specific operations comprise: Acquiring original seismic data by adopting a seismic prospecting instrument, wherein the acquisition time is more than or equal to 1s; The digital signal precision of the seismic prospecting instrument is 32 bits. The invention further improves that: in the second step, whether the first 24 bits of the original seismic data are invalid data is judged, and the specific operations comprise: If the first 24 of the original seismic data is all 0 or 1 and the last 8 bits do not exceed 0x7F, 127, the first 24 bits of the original seismic data are considered invalid data. The invention further improves that: in the third step, the original seismic data with the first 24 bits as invalid data is compressed, and the specific operations include: Compressing after marking the flag bit of the data head, deleting all the first 24 bits of the data with all 0s, only reserving the data with the last 8 bits, For data with all 1's of the first 24 bits, all the first 24 bits are deleted, and the highest position of the last 8 bits is 1. The invention further improves that: in the fourth step, whether the first 16 bits of the original seismic data are in