CN-122017972-A - Reservoir buried depth prediction method based on multi-field, multi-offset and multi-wave cooperation

CN122017972ACN 122017972 ACN122017972 ACN 122017972ACN-122017972-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a reservoir burial depth prediction method based on cooperation of multiple fields, multiple offset distances and multiple wave lengths. According to the method provided by the invention, the accuracy and reliability of reservoir burial depth prediction are obviously improved by integrating the multi-offset observation data and the multi-wave cooperative analysis technology. Specifically, an observation mode combining a multi-azimuth non-zero offset distance and a zero offset distance is adopted, so that the space coverage range of an underground structure is effectively expanded, and the system error caused by a single observation angle is reduced. The wave field separation technology is further utilized to extract various effective wave patterns such as longitudinal waves, transverse waves, converted waves and reflected waves thereof, an extended data set containing rich wave field information is constructed, and extrapolation models are respectively built for different target layers through a multi-wave propagation path intersection algorithm, so that synchronous and accurate prediction of the multi-target reservoir is realized.

Inventors

Cao Zhuanyuan
WANG YONGSHENG
CAI ZHIDONG
JIANG TAILIANG
FU JIANGANG
ZHU BO
ZHANG XIAODAN
ZHAO SHUAI
WANG WENBIN

Assignees

中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260128

Claims (10)

1. The reservoir burial depth prediction method based on multi-field, multi-offset and multi-type cooperation is characterized by comprising the following steps: Synchronously acquiring well seismic data suitable for a multi-resource exploration scene through preset parameter configuration, wherein the well seismic data comprise zero offset data and at least three non-zero offset data of different azimuth angles; Processing the well seismic data by adopting a wave field separation algorithm to obtain a spread wave field data set, wherein the spread wave field data set comprises longitudinal wave field data, transverse wave field data, converted wave field data, longitudinal wave reflected wave field data, longitudinal wave-converted wave field data and converted wave reflected wave field data; And respectively establishing an extrapolation model based on the extended wave field data sets for at least two target layers, and determining the burial depth predicted value of each target layer by calculating the intersection point of the multi-wave propagation path, wherein a first extrapolation model is established based on the longitudinal wave field data, the longitudinal wave reflected wave field data and the longitudinal wave-converted wave field data combination by a first target layer, and a second extrapolation model is established based on the converted wave field data and the converted wave reflected wave field data combination by a second target layer.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of synchronously acquiring well seismic data applicable to a multi-resource exploration scenario via a preset parameter configuration comprises: Determining a corresponding seismic data acquisition parameter set based on a resource type of a target exploration scene, wherein the resource type comprises an oil-gas field, a coal field, metal mineral products and nonmetal mineral products; The method comprises the steps of acquiring an original seismic signal acquired by an observation system deployed on site, wherein the original seismic signal is acquired by the observation system based on a seismic data acquisition parameter set, and the observation system comprises a plurality of excitation points deployed on the ground, surrounding a target well region and covering a range from zero offset to the maximum effective detection offset from the well head, and three-component detectors deployed in the well according to a preset interval to form a downhole stereoscopic observation network from the well head to below the deepest reservoir of the target; and processing the original seismic signals to generate the well seismic data.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of processing the raw seismic signals to generate the borehole seismic data comprises: And sequentially performing time alignment correction, amplitude normalization processing and deconvolution processing on the original seismic signals to generate the well seismic data.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of processing the well seismic data using a wavefield separation algorithm to obtain a spread wavefield dataset comprises: identifying and extracting characteristics of different wave patterns in the well seismic data to obtain propagation characteristics of the different wave patterns; The well seismic data is separated into a plurality of types of wavefield data in the extended wavefield dataset based on propagation characteristics of the different modes.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of identifying and extracting features of different modes in the borehole seismic data to obtain propagation features of the different modes comprises: performing velocity analysis on the well seismic data, determining propagation velocity ranges of longitudinal waves and transverse waves, and performing polarization analysis on the well seismic data to distinguish polarization characteristics of the longitudinal waves and the transverse waves; the step of separating the well seismic data into a plurality of types of wavefield data in the extended wavefield dataset based on propagation characteristics of different modes, comprising: constructing a wave field separation model based on a wave equation and by utilizing the propagation speed range and the polarization characteristic; And performing wave field prolongation and separation on the well seismic data based on the wave field separation model by using a Kirchhoff integration method to obtain the multi-type wave field data.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of determining the predicted value of the burial depth for each destination layer by calculating the junction of the multi-type propagation paths by separately modeling extrapolation based on the extended wavefield data sets for at least two destination layers comprises: Selecting wave field data of a plurality of preset wave pattern combinations corresponding to each target layer from the extended wave field data set aiming at each target layer; based on the relation between the propagation speed and time of each wave pattern in the preset wave pattern combination, respectively constructing a corresponding wave field propagation path equation; and determining the predicted value of the burial depth of the target layer by solving the intersection point of the wave field propagation path equation in space.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of constructing a corresponding wave field propagation path equation based on the propagation velocity and time relationship of each of the preset wave pattern combinations, respectively, comprises: Constructing a spatial propagation path equation from the surface to the underground target point for each wave pattern in the preset wave pattern combination based on the propagation speed and the travel time from the excitation point to the detector so as to form an extrapolation equation for describing the propagation path of the wave pattern; The step of determining the predicted value of the burial depth of the target layer by solving the intersection point of the wave field propagation path equation in space comprises the following steps: and carrying out simultaneous solving on a plurality of wave field propagation path equations constructed for the same target layer, calculating a path intersection point of the plurality of equations in space, and determining a depth value corresponding to the intersection point as a predicted value of the burial depth of the target layer.
8. Reservoir burial depth prediction device based on cooperation of multiple fields, multiple offset distances and multiple modes, and the device is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a synchronous acquisition module, a data acquisition module and a data acquisition module, wherein the synchronous acquisition module is used for synchronously acquiring well seismic data suitable for a multi-resource exploration scene through preset parameter configuration, and the well seismic data comprise zero offset data and at least three non-zero offset data with different azimuth angles; The wave field separation module is used for processing the well seismic data by adopting a wave field separation algorithm to obtain a spread wave field data set, wherein the spread wave field data set comprises longitudinal wave field data, transverse wave field data, converted wave field data, longitudinal wave reflected wave field data, longitudinal wave-converted wave field data and converted wave reflected wave field data; The prediction module is used for respectively establishing an extrapolation model based on the extended wave field data sets aiming at least two target layers, determining the burial depth predicted value of each target layer by calculating the intersection point of the multi-wave propagation path, wherein a first target layer establishes a first extrapolation model based on longitudinal wave field data, longitudinal wave reflected wave field data and longitudinal wave-converted wave field data combinations, and a second target layer establishes a second extrapolation model based on converted wave field data and converted wave reflected wave field data combinations.
9. An electronic device, comprising: a memory, and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the memory; stored in the memory are instructions executable by the one or more processors to cause the one or more processors to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer program is stored in the readable storage medium, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the method of any of claims 1 to 7.

Description

Reservoir buried depth prediction method based on multi-field, multi-offset and multi-wave cooperation Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of underground reservoir exploration and development, in particular to a reservoir burial depth prediction method based on cooperation of multiple fields, multiple offset distances and multiple wave forms. Background In the exploration and development process of petroleum, natural gas, coal fields, mineral products and other resources, accurate prediction of the burial depth of a downhole reservoir is a core link for determining success and failure of drilling engineering and controlling exploration cost. Compared with the ground seismic exploration technology, the Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) technology has natural advantages in underground reservoir exploration because of the direct time-depth correspondence, has become a core technology foundation for reservoir positioning, and is widely applied to various resource exploration scenes. However, the conventional VSP technology gradually exposes a plurality of industry pain points to be solved in long-term application, namely, the application scene is single, the conventional technology focuses on exploration in the field of single resources of oil and gas fields, has insufficient suitability for other types of resources such as coal fields, metal minerals and nonmetal minerals, has limited technical universality, is difficult to meet diversified requirements of resource exploration across the field, secondly, the conventional VSP technology has limited data acquisition dimension, adopts a single zero bias observation mode, carries out reservoir burial depth estimation only by means of zero bias data, and is easy to introduce systematic errors due to single observation angle, so that the comprehensiveness of data analysis is insufficient, the prediction accuracy is directly influenced, thirdly, the wave type is not fully utilized, the conventional technology only depends on the propagation characteristics and speed differences of multiple effective wave types such as longitudinal waves (P waves) or transverse waves (S waves), the comprehensive wave field burial depth prediction is difficult to construct, the multi-purpose prediction capability of a reservoir burial depth is limited, and the conventional technology is difficult to design a multi-purpose complex, and the geological prediction requirements are difficult to be met under the condition of multiple purpose layers due to the fact that the conventional technology is difficult to design is poor. In order to improve the problems, some technical schemes attempt to improve the performance by optimizing the arrangement of observation points or improving a data processing algorithm, but still do not form a systematic solution, wherein the existing improvement scheme is limited to single-dimensional adjustment (such as only increasing the number of the observation points or optimizing a single waveform analysis algorithm), does not realize three-dimensional collaborative innovation of acquisition modes, waveform utilization and application scenes, and cannot fundamentally solve the core pain points with insufficient precision, limited reliability and narrow application range of the traditional technology. With the extension of resource exploration and development to deep and complex geological conditions and the increasing of resource exploration demands across fields, the industry has raised higher requirements on the accuracy, reliability and universality of reservoir burial depth prediction technology. Under the background, research and development of an innovative VSP technology capable of breaking through the limitation of the traditional technology and realizing multi-scene adaptation, high-precision acquisition and multi-wave collaborative prediction becomes an urgent need of the resource exploration industry, and has important significance in reducing invalid drilling cost and improving exploration and development economic benefits. In summary, in the related art, under the scene of needing to perform high-precision prediction of the reservoir burial depth, the conventional Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) technology only depends on single offset observation data and single type seismic waves to perform inversion, so that the technical problems of insufficient prediction precision and poor reliability exist. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problems that in the related technology, under the scene of needing to predict the reservoir burial depth with high precision, the traditional Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) technology only depends on single offset observation data and single type seismic waves to perform inversion, and has the technical problems of insufficient prediction precision and poor reliability. The method is used for predicting the reservoir burial depth based on cooperation of multiple field