CN-122018000-A - Combined pressing method and device for multiple waves in shallow water work area and electronic equipment

CN122018000ACN 122018000 ACN122018000 ACN 122018000ACN-122018000-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas geophysics, and discloses a combined pressing method, a device and electronic equipment for multiple waves in a shallow water work area. The method comprises the steps of processing seismic data of a shallow water work area to obtain water bottom data of the work area, pressing multiple waves by a DWD method to obtain accurate seabed of the whole work area, improving and obtaining a DWD multiple wave prediction model by a wave field prolongation mode, pressing multiple waves by a GSMP method, carrying out self-adaptive subtraction on the DWD multiple wave prediction model and the GSMP predicted multiple wave model at the same time, and carrying out parallel matching and self-adaptive subtraction on the DWD multiple wave prediction model and the GSMP predicted multiple wave model at the same time to obtain surface related multiple wave pressed data. According to the technical scheme, the parallel matching pressing effect of the combined method model is better than that of single-method pressing or combined method pressing model series pressing, so that the effective pressing of the shallow water layer short-period multiple is realized, and the pressing effect is better.

Inventors

CUI RUI
JIANG DAJIAN
LIU ZHIYUAN
XU KAI
TAN WEIYI
XIAO YANJUN

Assignees

中国石油化工股份有限公司
中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20241112

Claims (10)

1. A method for combined compaction of multiples in shallow water work areas, comprising: Processing seismic data of a shallow water work area to obtain water bottom data of the work area; pressing multiple waves by adopting a DWD method, and improving and obtaining a DWD multiple wave prediction model by utilizing a wave field prolongation mode after processing and obtaining the accurate seabed of a full work area, wherein the DWD is deterministic water layer multiple wave pressing; adopting a GSMP method to compress multiple waves, wherein in a self-convolution link, the data after DWD compression processing is convolved with the original data; the DWD multiple prediction model and the GSMP prediction multiple model perform self-adaptive subtraction at the same time to improve the multiple pressing effect; And carrying out parallel matching and self-adaptive subtraction on the DWD multiple prediction model and the GSMP predicted multiple model simultaneously to obtain data after surface-related multiple suppression.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the processing of the shallow water area seismic data, And extracting the near offset gather of the seismic data of the shallow water work area, superposing the near offset gather by using a constant speed, carrying out autocorrelation operation on the superposed data body, and tracking the first negative correlation horizon.
3. The method for combined pressing of multiple waves in shallow water as set forth in claim 1, wherein after said processing and obtaining the accurate seafloor of the whole area, the wave field continuation is utilized to improve and obtain the DWD multiple wave prediction model, And then, carrying out energy matching on the model obtained by simulation and an initial DWD model corresponding to the multi-wave suppression by adopting a DWD method, and adding to obtain the DWD multi-wave prediction model containing the first-order multi-reflection wave.
4. The combined pressing method for the multiple waves of the shallow water work area according to claim 1, wherein said DWD method comprises: Using the submarine double-journey travel time t (0) at the zero offset, then converting to a tau-p domain, and calculating the corresponding submarine period in the tau-p domain; and correcting the original record downwards for a submarine reflection time period, multiplying the submarine reflection time period by a submarine reflection coefficient, carrying out reverse transformation on tau-p after self-adaptive subtraction, and obtaining a predicted water layer multiple model.
5. The combined pressing method for a shallow water work area multiple according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: And in the GSMP non-aqueous layer surface multiple prediction stage, data of a large number of strong energy water layer multiples pressed in the DWD method pressed multiples are used as input of the primary waves.
6. A combined pressing device for multiples in shallow water work areas, comprising: the seismic data processing module is used for processing the seismic data of the shallow water work area and acquiring the water bottom data of the work area; The DWD processing module is used for pressing multiple waves by adopting a DWD method, improving and obtaining a DWD multiple wave prediction model by utilizing a wave field prolongation mode after processing and obtaining the accurate seabed of the full-work area, wherein the DWD is deterministic water layer multiple wave pressing; The GSMP self-convolution module is used for compressing multiple waves by adopting a GSMP method, wherein in a self-convolution link, the data after DWD compression processing is convolved with the original data; The first processing module is used for carrying out self-adaptive subtraction on the DWD multiple prediction model and the GSMP predicted multiple model simultaneously to improve the multiple pressing effect, and And the second processing module is used for carrying out parallel matching and self-adaptive subtraction on the DWD multiple prediction model and the GSMP predicted multiple model simultaneously to obtain data after surface-related multiple suppression.
7. The combined pressing apparatus for shallow water work area multiples of claim 6, wherein the DWD processing module comprises: A DWD pressing module for pressing multiple waves by adopting a DWD method, and And the DWD improvement module is used for improving and obtaining a DWD multiple prediction model by utilizing a wave field prolongation mode after processing and obtaining the accurate seabed of the full-work area.
8. The combined pressing apparatus for shallow water work area multiples of claim 7, wherein the DWD pressing module comprises: A first calculation module for calculating a corresponding subsea cycle in the tau-p domain using the subsea double trip time t (0) at zero offset, and And the second calculation module is used for downwards correcting the original record for one submarine reflection time period, multiplying the submarine reflection coefficient, and carrying out tau-p inverse transformation after self-adaptive subtraction.
9. An electronic device, comprising: Memory, and A processor; Wherein the memory is for storing one or more computer instructions for execution by the processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
10. A readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any of claims 1 to 5.

Description

Combined pressing method and device for multiple waves in shallow water work area and electronic equipment Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas geophysics, in particular to a method and a device for combined pressing of multiple waves in a shallow water work area and electronic equipment. Background How to better suppress multiples is one of the difficulties in marine seismic data processing. In marine seismic data, the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of the data are reduced due to the existence of multiple waves, the final processing effect and the imaging quality are seriously affected, the primary waves are not obvious under the influence of the multiple waves, the multiple waves are generated by the reflection interfaces of the seismic section and the middle layer, the effect is that the multiple waves cannot be effectively attenuated in the processing process, and the accuracy of the horizon is also seriously affected during interpretation. Currently, for suppression of free surface multiples, commercial software generally adopts an SRME (surface-related multiple suppression based on feedback iteration theory) method, utilizes data-driven self-convolution prediction multiple model, and then utilizes a self-adaptive subtraction method for suppression. However, in a deep water environment, the multiple and the primary wave are easy to identify, the multiple can be effectively suppressed, but in a shallow water environment (less than 200 m), the suppression of the multiple is often ineffective, and the main reasons are that the effective water bottom reflection of the shallow water is mainly concentrated at a near offset distance, and the near offset distance is largely absent, so that a multiple model related to a water layer is difficult to reconstruct by using a traditional self-convolution method, and in the case of a horizontal stratum, the primary wave and the multiple are largely interwoven, and cannot be accurately identified. In shallow water seismic data, a method of partial SRME is generally adopted, namely, prediction of multiple waves is not carried out by utilizing the seismic data near the seabed, so that long-period multiple waves generated by a middle-deep layer strong reflection layer are suppressed, and the long-period multiple waves are not water layer multiple waves. The existing conventional means are difficult to effectively press, and the water layer multiple wave causes the condition that the recording resolution of the seismic section is reduced and the wave group characteristics are poor, so that the real structural imaging is seriously affected. In summary, a treatment technology for pressing short-period multiple waves of a shallow water layer is urgently needed. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a combined pressing method, device and electronic equipment for multiple waves in a shallow water work area, and aims to solve the technical problems that the pressing effect on the multiple waves is poor and even the multiple waves are difficult to press in the prior art. According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a combined pressing method for shallow water work area multiples comprising: Processing seismic data of a shallow water work area to obtain water bottom data of the work area; pressing multiple waves by adopting a DWD method, and improving and obtaining a DWD multiple wave prediction model by utilizing a wave field prolongation mode after processing and obtaining the accurate seabed of a full work area, wherein the DWD is deterministic water layer multiple wave pressing; adopting a GSMP method to compress multiple waves, wherein in a self-convolution link, the data after DWD compression processing is convolved with the original data; the DWD multiple prediction model and the GSMP prediction multiple model perform self-adaptive subtraction at the same time to improve the multiple pressing effect; And carrying out parallel matching and self-adaptive subtraction on the DWD multiple prediction model and the GSMP predicted multiple model simultaneously to obtain data after surface-related multiple suppression. Preferably, in said processing shallow water work area seismic data, And extracting the near offset gather of the seismic data of the shallow water work area, superposing the near offset gather by using a constant speed, carrying out autocorrelation operation on the superposed data body, and tracking the first negative correlation horizon. Preferably, after the processing and obtaining the accurate seabed of the full working area, the wave field prolongation mode is utilized to improve and obtain the DWD multiple prediction model, And then, carrying out energy matching on the model obtained by simulation and an initial DWD model corresponding to the multi-wave suppression by adopting a DWD method, and adding to obtain the DWD multi-wave prediction model containing the first-order multi