CN-122018004-A - Interference suppression method for VSP (vertical seismic profile) data imaging

CN122018004ACN 122018004 ACN122018004 ACN 122018004ACN-122018004-A

Abstract

The application discloses an interference suppression method and a suppression system for VSP (vertical seismic profile) data imaging, which are characterized in that a basic parameter set is firstly obtained according to VSP imaging data, and then the basic parameter set is preprocessed to obtain consistency weight parameters; the method comprises the steps of constructing a space correction equation, obtaining a left space correction coefficient and a right space correction coefficient, respectively carrying out weighted fusion on different side distribution parameters in the left space correction coefficient and the right space correction coefficient through consistency weight parameters to obtain a left fusion weight parameter and a right fusion weight parameter, finally restraining a basic parameter set through the left fusion weight parameter and the right fusion weight parameter to output a VSP imaging result, and comparing with the prior art, carrying out matching in a cross-validation mode to judge the credibility of an imaging component, thereby establishing a mutual restraint mechanism between data on the left side and data on the right side, compressing offset false images generated by data on the other side at corresponding positions, and finally improving the imaging quality.

Inventors

KE XUAN
ZHANG CHENXU
SHI YING
FU XIAOFEI
WANG HAIXUE
SONG LIWEI

Assignees

东北石油大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260318

Claims (10)

1. An interference suppression method for VSP data imaging, comprising the steps of: acquiring a basic parameter set according to VSP imaging data, wherein the basic parameter set comprises left dip angle gather data, right dip angle gather data and energy effectiveness mask parameters; preprocessing the basic parameter set to obtain a consistency weight parameter; Constructing a space correction equation, and acquiring a left space correction coefficient and a right space correction coefficient; Respectively carrying out weighted fusion on different side distribution parameters in the left space weight correction coefficient and the right space weight correction coefficient through consistency weight parameters to obtain a left fusion weight parameter and a right fusion weight parameter; And constraining the basic parameter set through the left fusion weight parameter and the right fusion weight parameter, and outputting a VSP imaging result.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining a basic parameter set from VSP imaging data, wherein the basic parameter set includes left dip gather data, right dip gather data, and energy efficiency mask parameters, comprises the steps of: Performing reverse time migration processing on VSP imaging data to obtain left dip angle gather data and right dip angle gather data; Analyzing the left dip angle gather data by using Hilbert transformation to obtain left analysis module parameters, wherein the calculation expression of the left analysis module parameters is , Representing left dip gather data, i being an imaginary unit, H representing hilbert transform; analyzing the right dip angle gather data by using Hilbert transformation to obtain right analysis module parameters, wherein the calculation expression of the right analysis module parameters is , The right dip angle gather data is represented, i is an imaginary unit, and H represents Hilbert transform; Correcting the left analysis module parameter and the right analysis module parameter through a self-adaptive energy threshold value to obtain an energy effectiveness mask parameter, wherein the calculation expression of the energy effectiveness mask parameter is as follows: where λ is the adaptive energy threshold, E L represents the left resolution modulo parameter, and E R represents the right resolution modulo parameter.
3. The interference suppression method for VSP data imaging of claim 1, wherein the preprocessing of the basic parameter set to obtain the consistency weight parameter comprises the steps of: Respectively carrying out normalization and Gaussian smoothing on the left analysis module parameter and the right analysis module parameter to obtain a left envelope field parameter and a right envelope field parameter, wherein the calculation expression of the left envelope field parameter is as follows The calculation expression of the right envelope field parameter is Epsilon is a minimum value, which is a constant; Calculating a consistency coefficient according to the left envelope field parameter and the right envelope field parameter, wherein the calculation expression of the consistency coefficient is that Epsilon is a minimum value, which is a constant; Setting a soft threshold operator, and carrying out nonlinear mapping on the consistency coefficient according to the soft threshold operator to obtain an intermediate variable parameter; and correcting the energy effectiveness mask parameters according to the intermediate variable parameters to obtain consistency weight parameters.
4. The interference suppression method for VSP data imaging of claim 3, wherein said intermediate variables are calculated as Wherein Representing soft threshold operator, the calculation expression of the consistency weight parameter is 。
5. The interference suppression method for VSP data imaging of claim 1, wherein said left spatial correction factor is calculated by the expression of The calculation expression of the right space correction coefficient is , wherein, And w is the half width of the space transition zone.
6. The interference suppression method for VSP data imaging of claim 1, wherein the weighting fusion is performed on the different side distribution parameters in the left spatial weight correction coefficient and the right spatial weight correction coefficient by the consistency weight parameter, respectively, to obtain a left fusion weight parameter and a right fusion weight parameter, comprising the following steps: Acquiring a consistency weight parameter, a left space weight correction coefficient and a right space weight correction coefficient; splitting the left space weight correction coefficient into a left-channel left-side parameter and a left-channel right-side parameter; splitting the right space weight correction coefficient into a right channel left parameter and a right channel right parameter; The right parameters of the left channel are subjected to weighted fusion through the consistency weight parameters and the right parameters of the right channel, and a left fusion weight parameter is obtained; and carrying out weighted fusion on the left parameter of the right channel through the consistency weight parameter and the left parameter of the left channel to obtain a right fusion weight parameter.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the left fusion weight parameter is calculated by the following expression The calculation expression of the right fusion weight parameter is 。
8. The interference suppression method for VSP data imaging of claim 1, wherein the base parameter set is constrained by the left and right fusion weight parameters, and the VSP imaging result is output, comprising the steps of: acquiring left dip angle gather data and right dip angle gather data; constraining the left dip angle gather data through a left fusion weight parameter to obtain left dip angle gather beam data; constraining the right dip angle gather data through right fusion weight parameters to obtain right dip angle gather beam data; overlapping the left dip angle channel intensive beam data and the right dip angle channel intensive beam data along the dip angle direction to obtain a VSP imaging result Wherein the VSP imaging results The calculated expression of (2) is 。
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the left dip gather beam data is calculated using the following expression The calculation expression of the right dip angle channel intensive beam data is that 。
10. The suppression system based on the interference suppression method for VSP data imaging of any one of claims 1-9, comprising: The preprocessing module is used for acquiring a basic parameter set according to VSP imaging data, wherein the basic parameter set comprises left dip angle gather data, right dip angle gather data and energy effectiveness mask parameters; The first calculation module is used for preprocessing the basic parameter set to obtain a consistency weight parameter; the second calculation module is used for constructing a space correction equation and acquiring a left space correction coefficient and a right space correction coefficient; The intersection correction module is used for respectively carrying out weighted fusion on the different-side distribution parameters in the left space weight correction coefficient and the right space weight correction coefficient through consistency weight parameters to obtain a left fusion weight parameter and a right fusion weight parameter; And the imaging output module is used for constraining the basic parameter set through the left fusion weight parameter and the right fusion weight parameter and outputting a VSP imaging result.

Description

Interference suppression method for VSP (vertical seismic profile) data imaging Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to an interference suppression method and system for VSP (vertical seismic profile) data imaging. Background The VSP observation system can pass through the surface low-speed zone to accurately receive the underground deep information. However, due to the special distribution form of the VSP observation system, when offset imaging is performed by utilizing VSP data, irremovable arc drawing artifacts can be generated on two sides of the well, and the imaging quality is seriously affected. In order to solve the problem, the academic community has widely explored that the influence of the track density on imaging is analyzed by using Xia et al (2013), and Lou et al (2009) and Giboli et al (2013) respectively suppress arc-drawing noise through offset aperture selection and energy screening of offset-aperture domains. As the research is in progress, filtering using tilt angle information becomes the main stream direction. Duveneck (2015) designs a local dip filter by utilizing the dip difference between noise and a real structure, zhao and Jin (2015) introduce priori formation dip information to carry out constraint, guo and the like (2022) effectively suppress VSP offset arc-drawing noise by calculating angle coverage times, ke and the like (2023) calculate formation dip of imaging components by generalized stable Potentilla vectors, and the formation dip field extracted by ground imaging data is used as an external constraint condition to obtain obvious suppression results. However, the above method is generally difficult to implement independent constraint only by the VSP data itself, or introduces a huge additional computational burden in the imaging process, which limits its practical application efficiency. Disclosure of Invention The application mainly aims to provide an interference suppression method and an interference suppression system for VSP data imaging, which aim to solve the defect of large calculation burden in the prior art. The application realizes the aim through the following technical scheme: An interference suppression method for VSP data imaging, comprising the steps of: acquiring a basic parameter set according to VSP imaging data, wherein the basic parameter set comprises left dip angle gather data, right dip angle gather data and energy effectiveness mask parameters; preprocessing the basic parameter set to obtain a consistency weight parameter; Constructing a space correction equation, and acquiring a left space correction coefficient and a right space correction coefficient; Respectively carrying out weighted fusion on different side distribution parameters in the left space weight correction coefficient and the right space weight correction coefficient through consistency weight parameters to obtain a left fusion weight parameter and a right fusion weight parameter; And constraining the basic parameter set through the left fusion weight parameter and the right fusion weight parameter, and outputting a VSP imaging result. Optionally, a basic parameter set is obtained according to VSP imaging data, wherein the basic parameter set includes left dip angle gather data, right dip angle gather data, and energy effectiveness mask parameters, and the method includes the following steps: Performing reverse time migration processing on VSP imaging data to obtain left dip angle gather data and right dip angle gather data; Analyzing the left dip angle gather data by using Hilbert transformation to obtain left analysis module parameters, wherein the calculation expression of the left analysis module parameters is ,Representing left dip gather data, i being an imaginary unit, H representing hilbert transform; analyzing the right dip angle gather data by using Hilbert transformation to obtain right analysis module parameters, wherein the calculation expression of the right analysis module parameters is ,The right dip angle gather data is represented, i is an imaginary unit, and H represents Hilbert transform; Correcting the left analysis module parameter and the right analysis module parameter through a self-adaptive energy threshold value to obtain an energy effectiveness mask parameter, wherein the calculation expression of the energy effectiveness mask parameter is as follows: where λ is the adaptive energy threshold, E L represents the left resolution modulo parameter, and E R represents the right resolution modulo parameter. Optionally, preprocessing the basic parameter set to obtain a consistency weight parameter, including the following steps: Respectively carrying out normalization and Gaussian smoothing on the left analysis module parameter and the right analysis module parameter to obtain a left envelope field parameter and a right envelope field parameter, wherein the calculation expression of the left en