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CN-122018018-A - Medical garbage can metal foreign matter detection control method

CN122018018ACN 122018018 ACN122018018 ACN 122018018ACN-122018018-A

Abstract

The application discloses a detection control method for metal foreign matters in a medical garbage can, and belongs to the field of intelligent management and control of medical wastes. Aiming at the problems that in the prior art, detection blind areas are large, the omission ratio is high, positioning cannot be carried out, and the adaptive diagnosis and treatment process is poor, the method is based on the distributed multi-surface induction arrays arranged on the four inner side walls of the dustbin, and through four core steps of environment signal dynamic calibration, working mode self-adaptive switching, low-power real-time monitoring and multi-sensor fusion three-dimensional positioning, the full-period blind area detection of metal foreign matters in the dustbin is realized, and the method can be matched with the expanded functions of temporary interception, instrument type identification, butt joint of a hospital management system and the like, so that the detection accuracy is remarkably improved, the positioning error is reduced, the adaptive medical scene is matched with the use requirement of frequently uncapping, the error abandoning risk of fine metal instruments can be effectively reduced, and the foreign matter treatment efficiency is greatly improved.

Inventors

  • CAI XIAOYAN
  • ZHAO YUXUAN
  • LIN LIE
  • YAN FENGXIA
  • PENG MINGMEI
  • LI ZHIYING

Assignees

  • 佛山市口腔医院(佛山市牙病防治指导中心)

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260305

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a medical waste bin metallic foreign matter detection control method, realizes based on distributed multiaspect sensing array, sensing array sets up four inside walls in the garbage bin, its characterized in that, the method includes following steps: S1, calibrating environmental signals, namely automatically collecting background electromagnetic signals of each induction unit after a system is started for the first time or a barrel cover is closed every time, and generating a dynamic baseline threshold value; S2, mode self-adaptive switching, namely automatically switching a working mode according to a signal of a barrel cover state sensor, wherein the working mode is a low-power consumption monitoring mode when the barrel cover is in an open state, and a full-power scanning positioning mode when the barrel cover is in a closed state or the monitoring mode triggers an alarm; S3, monitoring low power consumption, namely in a low power consumption mode, intermittently operating all induction units at a first preset frequency, and immediately triggering an alarm and switching to a full power scanning mode when the detection signal of any induction unit exceeds a dynamic baseline threshold value; S4, three-dimensional positioning calculation, namely sequentially activating induction units at all positions according to a preset sequence to perform full-power scanning in a full-power scanning mode, collecting signal intensity of all induction units, calculating the horizontal azimuth and the vertical height of the metal foreign matters through a multi-sensor signal fusion algorithm, and driving indicator lamps at corresponding azimuth to light; the hardware system matched with the method comprises a barrel body, a barrel cover hinged to the top of the barrel body, distributed multi-surface induction arrays distributed on four inner side walls of the barrel body, a control unit arranged in the barrel cover, a barrel cover state sensor, an audible and visual alarm unit and an azimuth indicator lamp group corresponding to the positions of the inner side walls.
  2. 2. The method for detecting and controlling metallic foreign matters in medical waste bin according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic baseline threshold updating logic in the step S1 is that an average value is obtained by collecting 10 times of background signals for each calibration as a baseline, the threshold is set to 120% of the baseline value, and recalibration is automatically triggered when the ambient temperature changes by more than +/-5 ℃.
  3. 3. The method for detecting and controlling the metal foreign matters in the medical garbage can according to claim 1 is characterized in that the first preset frequency of the low-power consumption monitoring mode in the step S2 is 1 time/second, the working time length of each single induction unit is 10ms, the overall average power consumption is lower than 5mA, the working time length of each single induction unit in the full-power scanning mode is 100ms, and the scanning period is 200ms.
  4. 4. The method for detecting and controlling metal foreign matters in medical garbage cans according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional positioning calculation logic in the step S4 is characterized in that firstly, signal intensities of four inner side wall sensing units are compared, 1-2 adjacent side walls with highest signal intensities are determined to be horizontal, then, signal intensities of sensing units with different heights of the side walls are compared, vertical heights are determined, and positioning errors are not more than 5cm.
  5. 5. The method for detecting and controlling the metal foreign matters in the medical garbage can according to claim 1, wherein a metal characteristic matching algorithm is built in the control unit, signal characteristic spectrums of different types of medical metal instruments are prestored, when metal signals are detected, collected signal characteristics are compared with a characteristic library, the types of the metal instruments are identified, and audible and visual alarm signals with different grades are correspondingly output.
  6. 6. The method for detecting and controlling metallic foreign matter in a medical waste bin according to claim 1, wherein in a full power scanning mode, when no metallic signal is detected by 3 continuous scans, false triggering is automatically determined, and the system is restored to a low power consumption monitoring mode.
  7. 7. The method for detecting and controlling the metal foreign matters in the medical garbage can according to claim 1, wherein the induction array of each inner side wall is formed by 2-3 independent electromagnetic induction coils which are longitudinally arranged, the induction coils form a side wall induction sub-array together, and all induction units adopt a sealed modularized structure and are detachably connected with the control unit through waterproof connectors.
  8. 8. The method for detecting and controlling metal foreign matters in the medical garbage can according to claim 1, wherein a telescopic temporary interception net is arranged below the can mouth and is electrically connected with the control unit, and when a metal input signal is detected in a low-power consumption monitoring mode, the control unit drives the interception net to pop up and receive input objects within 20ms, and the interception net is retracted after manual confirmation.
  9. 9. The method for detecting and controlling the metallic foreign matter in the medical garbage can according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is internally provided with a communication module which supports the butt joint with a hospital HIS system and an instrument management system, and automatically synchronizes an instrument use list of the current diagnosis and treatment period during alarming to assist in rapidly checking missing instruments.
  10. 10. The method for detecting and controlling metal foreign matters in a medical garbage can according to claim 1, wherein in a full-power scanning mode, when a can cover is in a closed state, the system automatically executes full-can scanning every 5 minutes, an alarm is triggered if a metal signal is detected, and alarm time and positioning information are recorded and stored in a local log.

Description

Medical garbage can metal foreign matter detection control method Technical Field The application belongs to the field of intelligent management and control of medical wastes, and particularly relates to a method for detecting and controlling metallic foreign matters in a medical garbage can. Background In medical settings such as oral clinics, a large number of contaminated waste products such as swabs, gauzes, disposable saliva aspiration tubes, etc. are produced daily, as well as a large number of reusable but strictly recyclable small metal instruments such as dental probes, curettes, needles, root canal files, etc. These metal instruments are small in size and are extremely prone to mixing into waste. In the prior art, part of medical garbage cans try to integrate a metal detection function, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN210417860U discloses an intelligent alarm device for classifying clinical medical garbage, a single metal sensor is arranged at a garbage throwing port and can only detect whether metal exists at the moment of throwing, and another common scheme is to integrate a single-point or single-plane metal sensor at a barrel cover, and when the barrel cover is closed, the sensor performs one-time scanning detection on the space in the barrel. The prior art solutions described above have the following inherent drawbacks: 1. The detection dead zone is large and the sensitivity is uneven, namely, a single-point or single-plane sensor (usually at the top/throwing port) is sensitive to metal close to the sensor area, but for metal objects at the bottom, corners and side wall areas far away from the sensor of the garbage can, detection signals can be attenuated, so that the detection omission risk is high. The nurse may not be able to detect the small instrument without passing through the detection zone when rapidly discarding the item. 2. The detection time is delayed and the detection is triggered only at the moment of closing the barrel cover or the moment of throwing in the existing scheme, which belongs to 'post-checking'. Once the instruments have been put into and mixed in the waste, even if the alarm is given, it is necessary to find the waste for tracing, which is inefficient and increases the risk of cross contamination and operator exposure. 3. The prior art generally only can issue a global alarm of "metal present" but cannot indicate where in the barrel the metal instrument is located (e.g., on which side or corner). This makes subsequent seek and fetch operations extremely inconvenient, extending processing time. 4. The garbage can is not matched with the working flow, and is easy to interfere, and in the oral cavity treatment process, the garbage can is always in a cover-opening state so as to facilitate the frequent disposal of disposable wastes. The top sensor cannot work when uncapping, but if the cover is closed frequently for detection, continuity and efficiency of diagnosis and cleaning work are seriously affected. 5. In the control algorithm level, the prior art generally adopts a single detection logic triggered by a fixed threshold value, has no self-adaptive environment signal calibration capability, can achieve more than 15% of false detection rate when sundries are shielded in a barrel or environment electromagnetic interference exists, and meanwhile, a positioning algorithm model fused by multiple sensor signals is not established, so that only binary judgment of 'whether metal exists or not' can be realized, accurate three-dimensional position information cannot be output, detection frequency and power cannot be dynamically adjusted according to a use scene, power consumption and detection precision are difficult to balance, and the duration is generally less than 3 months. The core innovation of the invention is to provide a set of distributed metal detection and positioning control algorithm system, which solves the pain points in the prior art from the algorithm level. The practical problem caused by the above-mentioned drawbacks is that the nurse still has the risk of misthrowing the fine dental metal instruments, which are of high value or need to be strictly recovered, into the medical waste bin during the cleaning process after the busy diagnosis and treatment. This directly results in increased instrument wastage costs and, more importantly, these contaminated instruments, if not found, are carried away with the medical waste, which can pose biosafety risks and environmental hazards. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a detection control method for metal foreign matters in a medical garbage can, which realizes the detection of the metal foreign matters in real time and in a positionable manner without dead angles, and fundamentally avoids the risk of mistaken discarding of fine metal instruments. In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides a method for detecting and co