CN-122018084-A - Beam splitting and combining device and use method

CN122018084ACN 122018084 ACN122018084 ACN 122018084ACN-122018084-A

Abstract

The application relates to a beam splitter and a using method thereof, which relate to the technical field of photoelectrons and passive devices, wherein the beam splitter comprises a main waveguide, the width of which in a directional coupling area is changed along a set curve; the device comprises a main waveguide, two coupling waveguides, two curved waveguides, a plurality of parameterized points, a plurality of coupling curves and a set curve, wherein the two coupling waveguides are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the main waveguide along the axial direction of the main waveguide, the width of each coupling waveguide in a directional coupling area synchronously changes along with the set curve, each curved waveguide is correspondingly connected with one coupling waveguide, the set curve is configured to be formed by setting a plurality of parameterized points along the propagation direction in the directional coupling area so as to define the boundary shape of the main waveguide, calculating the influence gradient of the boundary shape on the light transmission performance in a target communication band, iteratively optimizing the positions of the parameterized points along the gradient descent direction, and connecting the optimized parameterized points. The application can realize stable and balanced power beam splitting and beam combining in an extremely wide frequency range.

Inventors

CHEN YI
XIA BOWEN
SHI HAOTIAN
ZHOU PEIQI
CHEN DAIGAO
QIU YING

Assignees

武汉邮电科学研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260325

Claims (10)

1. A beam splitter/combiner, the beam splitter/combiner comprising: The main waveguide (1), the width of the main waveguide (1) in the directional coupling area changes along a set curve; The two coupling waveguides (2) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the main waveguide (1) along the axial direction of the main waveguide (1), and the width of each coupling waveguide (2) in a directional coupling area synchronously changes along with the set curve; -two curved waveguides (3), each of said curved waveguides (3) being connected to one of said coupling waveguides (2) respectively; wherein the set-up curve is configured to: And setting a plurality of parameterized points along the propagation direction in a directional coupling region to define the boundary shape of the main waveguide (1), calculating the influence gradient of the boundary shape on the light transmission performance in a target communication band, iteratively optimizing the positions of the parameterized points along the gradient descent direction, and connecting the optimized parameterized points to form the set curve.
2. The beam splitter as set forth in claim 1, further comprising: And one end of the straight waveguide (4) is connected with the main waveguide (1), and the other end of the straight waveguide is connected with a reflection suppression terminal structure.
3. The beam splitter as set forth in claim 2, wherein: The reflection suppression terminal structure is a spiral annular waveguide (5).
4. A beam splitter as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the widths of the straight waveguide (4) and the main waveguide (1) at the connecting position are equal; The widths of the straight waveguide (4) and the spiral annular waveguide (5) at the connecting position are equal.
5. The beam splitter as set forth in claim 1, wherein: The widths of the bending waveguide (3) and the coupling waveguide (2) at the connecting position are equal.
6. The beam splitter as set forth in claim 1, wherein: The set curve is formed by connecting parameterized points of the optimal position by an interpolation method meeting continuous conducible conditions.
7. The beam splitter as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the setting curve is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of continuous guidable function curves, and the continuous guidable function curves comprise a circular curve, an Euler curve or a cubic function curve.
8. A method of using the beam splitter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method of using the beam splitter comprises: inputting incident light through the main waveguide (1) to be coupled into two of the coupling waveguides (2); light coupled into the coupling waveguide (2) is output through a corresponding curved waveguide (3) for bandwidth splitting.
9. The method of using a beam splitter as set forth in claim 8, further comprising: the beam splitter and combiner further comprises a straight waveguide (4), one end of the straight waveguide (4) is connected with the main waveguide (1), and the other end of the straight waveguide is connected with a reflection suppression terminal structure; light in the main waveguide (1) is input to the reflection suppressing terminal structure through the straight waveguide (4).
10. The method of using a beam splitter as set forth in claim 9, further comprising: respectively inputting incident light through the two curved waveguides (3) and transmitting the incident light to the two corresponding coupling waveguides (2); Light is coupled into the main waveguide (1) through the two coupling waveguides (2), and bandwidth beam combination is carried out.

Description

Beam splitting and combining device and use method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectrons and passive devices, in particular to a beam splitter and combiner and a use method thereof. Background The beam splitter is a key passive device in optical communication and integrated optics, and is used for realizing power distribution and synthesis of optical signals or microwave signals. The existing main beam splitters and combiners comprise a traditional directional coupler type beam splitter and combiners, a Y-branch beam splitter and a 1X 2 multimode interference beam splitter and combiners. However, conventional directional coupler splitters typically employ either straight waveguides or fixed curvature curved waveguides for coupling, are relatively narrow in operating bandwidth, are wavelength sensitive, and are prone to reflection at the ports due to impedance mismatch, resulting in increased insertion loss and reduced signal integrity. The Y-branch beam splitter can realize ultra-wide bandwidth beam splitting by optimizing the boundary, but has high sensitivity to the boundary and small process tolerance, so that the Y-branch beam splitter needs high processing precision and has high cost. The main disadvantage of the multimode interferometer type beam splitter-combiner is that the light of different wavebands corresponds to different interference zone lengths, resulting in a narrower bandwidth. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a beam splitter and a beam splitter using method, which can realize stable and balanced power beam splitting and beam splitting in an extremely wide frequency range. In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a beam splitter and combiner, where the beam splitter and combiner includes: The width of the main waveguide in the directional coupling region changes along a set curve; The two coupling waveguides are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the main waveguide along the axial direction of the main waveguide, and the width of each coupling waveguide in the directional coupling area synchronously changes along with the set curve; two curved waveguides, each of which is connected to one of the coupling waveguides; wherein the set-up curve is configured to: And setting a plurality of parameterized points along the propagation direction in the directional coupling region to define the boundary shape of the main waveguide, calculating the influence gradient of the boundary shape on the light transmission performance in the target communication band, iteratively optimizing the positions of the parameterized points along the gradient descent direction, and connecting the optimized parameterized points to form the set curve. With reference to the first aspect, in an implementation manner, the method further includes: And one end of the straight waveguide is connected with the main waveguide, and the other end of the straight waveguide is connected with a reflection suppression terminal structure. With reference to the first aspect, in an embodiment, the reflection suppressing termination structure is a helical annular waveguide. With reference to the first aspect, in one implementation manner, the widths of the straight waveguide and the main waveguide at the connection point are equal; The widths of the straight waveguide and the spiral annular waveguide at the joint are equal. With reference to the first aspect, in an embodiment, the curved waveguide and the coupling waveguide have equal widths at the junction. With reference to the first aspect, in an implementation manner, the setting curve is formed by connecting parameterized points of the optimal position by an interpolation method that satisfies a continuous conducible condition. With reference to the first aspect, in an embodiment, the setting curve is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of continuous conductive function curves, and the continuous conductive function curves include a circular curve, an euler curve or a cubic function curve. In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for using a beam splitter and combiner, where the method for using the beam splitter and combiner includes: inputting incident light through the main waveguide to be coupled into two of the coupling waveguides; And outputting the light coupled into the coupling waveguide through a corresponding curved waveguide to split the bandwidth. With reference to the first aspect, in an implementation manner, the method further includes: the beam splitter and combiner further comprises a straight waveguide, one end of the straight waveguide is connected with the main waveguide, and the other end of the straight waveguide is connected with a reflection suppression terminal structure; and inputting the light in the main waveguide to the reflection suppression terminal structure through the straight waveguide. With reference to the first