CN-122018139-A - Daytime strong light inhibition optical observation system and method based on polarization beam splitting

CN122018139ACN 122018139 ACN122018139 ACN 122018139ACN-122018139-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of daytime strong light treatment, and particularly relates to a daytime strong light inhibition optical observation system and method based on polarization beam splitting. The front polarization calibration component is used for converting incident light into preset polarized light, the polarization splitting prism is used for dividing the preset polarized light into s-polarized components and p-polarized components, the dual-channel light intensity adjusting module is used for respectively carrying out self-adaptive light intensity adjustment and control on the s-polarized components and the p-polarized components, dynamic range matching of the light intensity of the s-polarized components and the light intensity of the p-polarized components is achieved, the matched s-polarized components and p-polarized components are obtained, the photoelectric detection array is used for outputting an original intensity image based on detection results, the polarization state correlation calculating module is used for obtaining a polarization characteristic deviation graph based on polarization information of each pixel point contained in the original intensity image, and the original intensity image and the polarization characteristic deviation graph are subjected to self-adaptive fusion to obtain an enhanced image. The invention can work in a self-adaptive way in a wide illumination range in the daytime without manual intervention.

Inventors

LIU XIAO
YAO KAINAN
WANG JIANLI
XU ZHIQIANG
CHEN SHUQI

Assignees

中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260414

Claims (8)

1. The daytime strong light inhibition optical observation system based on polarization beam splitting is characterized by comprising a preposed polarization calibration component, a polarization beam splitting prism, a dual-channel light intensity adjusting module, a photoelectric detection array and a polarization state correlation calculating module, The front polarization calibration component is used for converting incident light into preset polarized light, the polarization splitting prism is used for dividing the preset polarized light into s-polarized components and p-polarized components, the dual-channel light intensity adjusting module is used for respectively carrying out self-adaptive light intensity adjustment and control on the s-polarized components and the p-polarized components, dynamic range matching of the light intensity of the s-polarized components and the light intensity of the p-polarized components is achieved, the matched s-polarized components and p-polarized components are obtained, the matched s-polarized components and p-polarized components are commonly incident into the same photosensitive area of the photoelectric detection array, the photoelectric detection array is used for outputting an original intensity image based on detection results, the polarization state correlation calculating module is used for obtaining a polarization characteristic deviation graph based on polarization information of each pixel point contained in the original intensity image, and carrying out self-adaptive fusion on the original intensity image and the polarization characteristic deviation graph to obtain an enhanced image.
2. The daylight glare suppressing optical observation system based on polarization beam splitter of claim 1, wherein the predetermined polarized light is linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light.
3. The polarization-division-based daytime glare suppression optical observation system according to claim 1, wherein the reflectivity of the polarization-division prism for s-polarized components is not less than 98%, and the transmissivity for p-polarized components is not less than 98%.
4. The daylight strong light inhibition optical observation system based on polarization beam splitting according to claim 1, wherein the dual-channel light intensity adjusting module comprises a p-polarization channel and an s-polarization channel, and the p-polarization channel and the s-polarization channel comprise an electric control neutral density filter and a light intensity sensor which are sequentially arranged.
5. The daylight strong light inhibition optical observation system based on polarization beam splitting according to claim 1, wherein the processing procedure of the polarization state correlation calculation module is specifically as follows: carrying out data preprocessing on the original intensity image; Acquiring a polarization characteristic deviation graph based on the polarization information of each pixel point contained in the processed original intensity image: ; ; Wherein, the In order for the polarization feature to deviate from the figure, Is the index value of the pixel point, Is a pixel point The degree of linear polarization at which the light is polarized, Is a pixel point The light intensity value corresponding to the p-polarized component at that location, Is a pixel point The s-polarized component at the location corresponds to the intensity value, To be pixel points In a local window which is the center, the statistical average value of the polarization characteristics of the background area; generating an adaptive fusion weight map based on the polarization feature deviation map: ; Wherein, the For the adaptive fusion weight map, W (x, y) is a local window centered on the pixel point (x, y), k is a slope factor, For a feature deviation threshold, (i, j) is a pixel index traversed within a local window of pixel points (x, y); Based on the self-adaptive fusion weight map, the original intensity image and the polarization characteristic deviation map are subjected to self-adaptive fusion through the following steps of: ; Wherein, the In order to enhance the image is, As an image of the original intensity of the light, To enhance the gain factor.
6. The daylight glare suppressing optical observation system based on polarization beam splitter of claim 5, wherein said raw intensity image is normalized and noise filtered.
7. The method for inhibiting the optical observation of the strong light in the daytime based on the polarization beam splitting is realized by the optical observation system for inhibiting the strong light in the daytime based on the polarization beam splitting, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, converting incident light into preset polarized light by a preposed polarization calibration component, and dividing the preset polarized light into an S-polarized component and a p-polarized component by a polarization beam splitter prism; S2, the double-channel light intensity regulating module respectively carries out self-adaptive light intensity regulation and control on the S-polarized component and the p-polarized component, so as to realize the dynamic range matching of the light intensity of the S-polarized component and the light intensity of the p-polarized component and obtain the matched S-polarized component and p-polarized component; s3, the matched S-polarized component and p-polarized component are jointly incident into the same photosensitive area of the photoelectric detection array, and the photoelectric detection array outputs an original intensity image based on a detection result; And S4, acquiring a polarization characteristic deviation graph based on the polarization information of each pixel point contained in the original intensity image by the polarization state correlation calculation module, and carrying out self-adaptive fusion on the original intensity image and the polarization characteristic deviation graph to obtain an enhanced image.
8. The method for suppressing optical observation of daytime strong light based on polarization splitting according to claim 7, wherein the step S4 comprises the following steps: s41, carrying out data preprocessing on the original intensity image; S42, acquiring a polarization characteristic deviation chart based on the polarization information of each pixel point contained in the processed original intensity image: ; ; Wherein, the In order for the polarization feature to deviate from the figure, Is the index value of the pixel point, Is a pixel point The degree of linear polarization at which the light is polarized, Is a pixel point The light intensity value corresponding to the p-polarized component at that location, Is a pixel point The s-polarized component at the location corresponds to the intensity value, To be pixel points In a local window which is the center, the statistical average value of the polarization characteristics of the background area; S43, generating an adaptive fusion weight map based on the polarization characteristic deviation map: ; Wherein, the For the adaptive fusion weight map, W (x, y) is a local window centered on the pixel point (x, y), k is a slope factor, For a feature deviation threshold, (i, j) is a pixel index traversed within a local window of pixel points (x, y); s44, based on the self-adaptive fusion weight map, carrying out self-adaptive fusion on the original intensity image and the polarization characteristic deviation map to obtain an enhanced image: ; Wherein, the In order to enhance the image is, As an image of the original intensity of the light, To enhance the gain factor.

Description

Daytime strong light inhibition optical observation system and method based on polarization beam splitting Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of daytime strong light treatment, and particularly relates to a daytime strong light inhibition optical observation system and method based on polarization beam splitting. Background The daytime optical detection is a technical means taking optical imaging and photoelectric detection as cores, realizes target imaging, feature extraction and scene perception in the natural illumination environment of sunlight irradiation, can support the full-day detection of targets, and has wide application requirements and important engineering values in the fields of astronomical observation, aerospace detection, military reconnaissance and the like. Compared with night optical detection, the daytime detection is restricted by the problems of strong background stray radiation, complex atmospheric effect, extremely low target-background contrast and the like, accurate identification and effective information extraction of targets are difficult to realize, and the detection precision and the detection effect are seriously affected. Therefore, there is a need to develop an optical observation system capable of achieving low-contrast, low-light target feature extraction under strong background conditions. The traditional optical system commonly realizes strong light attenuation by adding a narrow-band filter or a neutral density filter, but the two schemes have inherent defects that the narrow-band filter can greatly limit the range of a target signal wave band, so that a large amount of effective information of non-preset wave bands is lost to influence the target identification integrity, the neutral density filter is indiscriminately and uniformly attenuated, the background strong light is weakened, the target low-light signal is synchronously weakened, the contrast between a target and the background cannot be fundamentally improved, and the low-light target is still easy to mask. In addition, the existing polarization optical system has certain light modulation capability, but lacks self-adaptive adjustment capability for illumination in a large dynamic range in the daytime, and is difficult to adjust working parameters in real time according to an outdoor complex illumination environment, so that the environment suitability is insufficient, and the accuracy and reliability of the extraction of a dim light target in the daytime are always difficult to meet the application requirements of actual engineering. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a polarized light splitting-based daytime strong light inhibition optical observation system and a polarized light splitting-based daytime strong light inhibition optical observation method, so as to solve the problems that the existing polarized optical system has certain light modulation capability, but lacks self-adaptive adjustment capability for wide dynamic range illumination in the daytime, working parameters are difficult to adjust in real time according to outdoor complex illumination environment, environment suitability is insufficient, and the accuracy and reliability of daytime weak light target extraction always cannot meet the application requirements of actual engineering. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: The daytime strong light inhibition optical observation system based on polarization beam splitting comprises a preposed polarization calibration component, a polarization beam splitting prism, a dual-channel light intensity adjusting module, a photoelectric detection array and a polarization state correlation calculating module, The front polarization calibration component is used for converting incident light into preset polarized light, the polarization splitting prism is used for dividing the preset polarized light into s-polarized components and p-polarized components, the dual-channel light intensity adjusting module is used for respectively carrying out self-adaptive light intensity adjustment and control on the s-polarized components and the p-polarized components, dynamic range matching of the light intensity of the s-polarized components and the light intensity of the p-polarized components is achieved, the matched s-polarized components and p-polarized components are obtained, the matched s-polarized components and p-polarized components are commonly incident into the same photosensitive area of the photoelectric detection array, the photoelectric detection array is used for outputting an original intensity image based on detection results, the polarization state correlation calculating module is used for obtaining a polarization characteristic deviation graph based on polarization information of each pixel point contained in the original intensity image, and carrying out self-adapti